Your_Commodore_Issue_37_Oct_87

YOUR

COMMODORE

AN ARGUS SPECIALIST PUBLICATION OCTOBER 1987 £1.10

GUIDE TO
COMPUTER
COMMUNICAT luiNi

• BOTHERSOME BASIC- BEGINNERS START HERE •REBOUND-
SUPERB CI6.PLUS/4 GAME • ADVENTURE KIT-DIY ADVENTURING

sasS&SsBl

HAS ARRIVED!

THE TERRORPODS
ARECOM/NG!

TWO GREAT NEW TITLES FROM PSYGNOSIS

BARBARIAN

Can you become Hegor the famous
dragon-slaying, monsler-mangling
Barbarian?

Are you The warrior who can enter
the tearful realms of the underground
world of Durgan. a world terrorized
by the evil Necron 7

Can you handle the adventure, the
frenzied attacks, the hidden traps, the
gruesome death dealing monsters?...

Your quest, to destroy the lair of the
accursed Necron. Your prize; the
kingdom's crown.

Your task is awesome! You must live

on your wits, conquer your innermost

fears, use every skill and weapon

available to you

Hideous penis await. Can you

survive?..-

Are you Hegor the famous dragon-
slaying, monster-mangling Barbarian?

S12k colour versions available for Man
ST and Commodore Amiga - cohur
monitors only.

disappears over the horizon, the
uninviting, grey bleakness of Colian
becomes apparent. Following the
intense heat of the day, the onset of
night adds the bitterness of sub- zero
temperatures to an already hostile
environment, and the stark interior of
the D.SV appears almost homelike.

Deep melancholy is suddenly smashed
by the shrill scream of a siren The
status panel has gone crazy, an
extrordmary array of lights flash
uncontrollably. Good grief , . what's
happening 1

Frantically, you turn to look at the
command scanner, hunting through
the mass of information before you. in
a desperate attempt to decipher what
has happened

Your whole being freezes . It can't be!
TheTefTorpods...

5) 2k colour versions available for Atari
ST and Commodore Amiga - colour
monitors only.

,;2 ARENA

The classic sports simulation

BRATACCAS

Become Kyne the earth scientist
accused of genetic fraud

DEEP SPACE

The ultimate interstellar war game.

5 f 2k colour versions a vailable for A tan
ST and Commodore Amiga - colour
monitors only

► BARBARIAN

£24.95

► TERRORPODS

£24.95

► DEEP SPACE

£34.95

► BRATACCAS

£34.95

> ARENA

£29.95

ARENA BRATACCAS

£34.95

Psygnosis
FREE POST
Liverpool 13 3AB
United Kingdom
Tel. Nos.
051 647 8118 (Daytime)
051 227 4800 (After hours)

S E E I N

G I S

BELIEVING

CONTENTS

VOLUME 4 NUMBER 1

• Combat Simulations 10
For those of you who want a game

that packs more than a punch.

• Bothersome Basic 14
All you need to know about Basic.

• Computer Communications 18
A straightforward look at the

world of communications.

• Freeze - A Jolly Good Fellow 23
Back-up programmes.

• Using an Epson type Printer 26
The combination of Easy Script

with an Epson type printer.

• Shadow Boxing 30
How to improve your Basic

Storage space.

• Code Comfort 38
A look at the 6502 assembler and

Z80 compiler for the C64.

• Personal Choice Collection 47
Handy home packages for the C64.

• Arcade Action 52
Produce your scrolling messages on screen.

• Adventure Kit 60
The art of adventure writing.

• Making Music 68
This month we look at playing tunes

on your C64.

• Link Up 75
Connect a short-wave technical receiver
and C64 to a Transceive interface.

• Hook Ups 82
Using the BBC as a disk drive interface.

• Tech. Troubles 100
Tim Arnot will guide you through the
technical maze.

• Data Statements

• Contributions

How to write for Your Commodore

• Games Reviews

5

2 \

41

Star Pawn

• Pirates

Game of the Month.

• LQ.

Intellectual games playing.

• Competition

Win a trip of a lifetime on Concorde.

• Software for Sale

• Listings

How to type in your programmes.

• Back Page

58

66

74

98
102

106

• Sprite Grabber
Use other programme's sprites for
your games.

77

• Rebound 88
Program in an old fashioned favourite.

Hide-It

Protect your Basic programmes.

91

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
3

THE PARALLEL DISK TURBO SYSTEM
EVERY 1541 WANTS!

JS PHANTOM

NOW WITH ADDED POWER!

• LOADS 240 BLOCKS IN 7sncs

• LOADS 84 BLOCKS IN 2sccs

• SAVES B4 BLOCKS IN 4secs

• FORMAT 35 TRACKS IN 20secs

• FORMAT 40 TRACKS IN 23secs A

screen on, with
FULL ERROR CHECKING

with TRACK by TRACK VERIFY

• EXPERT COMPATIBLE - PROGRAM THE EXPERT IN LESS THAN 2secs.

• SPEEDS UP ALL ORIVE FUNCTIONS

• FULL ERROR CHECKING RETAINED - ESSENTIAL FOR RELIABILITY
Other systems sacrifice this CRUCIAL FUNCTION to achieve
increases but are in fact. NO FASTER only LESS RELIABLE.
Buy their systems and you'll find out the hard way!

• 8 FUNCTION KEY COMMANDS FOR MAJOR FUNCTIONS.

• BO ADDITIONAL COMMANDS INCLUDING

• FILE tOCK & UNLOCK

• WRITE PROTECT IGNORE - NO NEED TO NOTCH DISKS

• SET DEVICE NUMBER • SCREEN ON Of F

• C01541 - REVERTS TO STANDARD 1541

• MANY OTHER USEFUL COMMANDS AID COMPATIBILITY

(Disable (unction keys, disable extra ram etc. I

• DRIVE MONITOR COMMANDS INCLUDE: DISASSEMBLE.
FILL. COMPARE. HUNT. ASSEMBLE. EXECUTE ETC ETC,

• COMPREHENSIVE 4D PACE MANUAL & ILLUSTRATED FITTING GUIDE.

• COMPATIBLE WITH MOST COMMERCIAL SOFTWARE.

• REMARK - DOES NOT CORRUPT OISKS UNLIKE RIVAL PRODUCTS.

• SWITCHABLE KERNAL REPLACEMENT INCLUDED FOR 64 OR 128 I64MODE

• BRITISH DESIGNED AND MANUFACTURED AVAILABLE EXCLUSIVELY FROM TRILOGIC

• UPGRADABLE - DOS. KfRNAl & COPIER UPGRADES WILL BE AVAILABLE SOON TO GIVE
EXTRA FEATURES FOR A NOMINAL SUM

OPTIONAL EXTRAS

DRIVE COOLING KIT t price

(MBit oaiann m cibcuiaiioh Ic.uU

DRIVE COOLING KIT 2.

Cnn&tm ol » vtra mir tumi aufiud

9mm Ian uri «hiU inn on thr diivt £^ 95

1 >m the arnlililiu iMn

THE EXPERT CARTRIDGE JBW

• SAVES PROGRAMS IN ONE FILE - (xcl. multipart ones)

• COMPACTS PROGRAMS used by leading software houses.

• RELOADS. DECOMPACTS & RUNS ANY PROGRAM WITHIN 35 sees.

• THE EXPERT IS NOT NEEDED FOR RELOADING.

• COMPATIBLE WITH THE PHANTOM & ALL CBM64/I28 DISK DRIVES.

WITH THE NEW V2.10 SOFTWARE SUPPLIED,
THE EXPERT CAN DO ALL THIS AND MORE.

War kfi A

PROGRAMME PARALYSER

r Slops even the most heavily protected programs
and del eat s All "anli freeie" lechmouis.

BACK-UP GENERATOR

' TAPE. DISK. • DISK i TAPE . • OlSK.DlSK.

■ TAPEITAPE Translers memory resident
programs whether loaded from disk or tape

r3S- ii

EXPRESS
DELIVERY

ADD £1.95

SPRITE EXTRACTOR & IMMORTALISER

TRILOGIC;

V/

HIRES SCREEN GRABBER

CHEAT MACHINE

CODE INTERROGATOR

THE ONLY PROGRAMMABLE
CARTRIDGE

FAST MAIL ORDER SERVICE • PROMPT DESPATCH • ALL PRICES FULLY INCLUSIVE PLUS 10 DAY MONEY BACK
GUARANTEE ON ALL BACK-UP DEVICES ORDERING: WRITE OR PHONE PAYMENT BY CASH. CHEQUES PAYABLE
TO TRILOGIC/ BY POSTAL ORDER OR ACCESS • ADD £1 EXTRA FOR EXPORT ORDERS. PAYMENT IN STERLING ONLY PLEASE

DEPT PX 3 329 TOIMG STREET BRADFORD BD4 9QY TEL (0274) 691115

i

What Book to Buy

Electronic Arts, one of the top US
entertainment software companies
have announced their plans to launch
a U.K. subsidiary, and are looking for
new talent. 'We are looking to support
U.K. software artists designing high
quality software', comments Mark
Lewis, Director of European
publishing. 'We are in discussions with
a number of software developers and
are happy to talk to those who believe
they can offer creativity and quality
programming."

Touchiine;

Electronic Arts Ltd: Langtey Business
Centre. 11-49 Station Road, Langlev.
Nr. S faugh. Berkshire SL3 8YN, Tel:
0753 49442.

Shades for 'Free'

All Micronet members are now eligible
for five hours free play on Shades- the
multi-user adventure game. Shadists
(as Shades players like to be known!)
can use their five hours anyway they
want - in one block of five hours for
one person or spread out in smaller
blocks. The offer stands for all
Micronet members regardless of
whether they've played before or not.

Touchiine:

Micronet: Telemap Ltd. Durrani
House. 8 Herbal Hill, London LCIR
5E.I. Tel: 01-278 3143.

Computer MIDI in Action at Show

Following the success of the 'What'
range of computer books, H & D
Services have decided to go national
with their second volume. A major
factor in the marketing of the books is
that they will be sold only through
independent retailers. This provides a
natural link with United Software
Distribution Ltd (U.S.D.) who will be
presenting the book to major
independent computer retailers in the
U.K.

U.S.D.'s Managing Director Andy
Wood commented, 'these publications
help the consumers gain more
understanding of the software that
they buy. The books also prolong the
longevity of software and they help

solve some of the queries that haunt
consumers, retailers and software
houses alike.'

The "What* range are available
only from computer retailers and
include 'What Now?' which is a
handbook for adventurers, packed
with hints, maps and solutions. Also
'What Poke' which comprises hints,
maps and pokes for arcade type
games.

Touchiine:

H&D Sendees: 1338 Ashlon Old Road,
Higher Openshaw. Manchester Mil
IJ(i. Tel: 061-370 5666.

New Labels

One of the big crowd pullers at the
forthcoming PCW show will probably
be Electromusic Research (EMR) with
their live computer-controlled music
demonstration. EMR's range of
computer MIDI software and
hardware covers most home and
business 8/16/32-bit micros and new
recording, sampling and scorewriting
products will be on display. The
special offers will include an EMR

recording system which connects
MIDI-kevboard and computer, for
£69.

So follow the sound of music, and
you're assured of an entertaining time,
not to mention the odd bargain or two.

Touchiine:

Electromusic Research (EMR) Ltd: 14
Mount Close. Wick ford, Sussex SSI I
Slid. Tel: 0702 335747.

Go! is a new high profile and
performance software brand from
U.S. Gold which claims to release six
major software products between now
and December. Although Go!
products will dovetail into certain
sales, marketing and distribution
policies of U.S. Gold, they will operate
in the main as a separate company in
terms of advertising activities and
European distribution.

YOUK COMMODORK October 1987

DATA

NEWS

T fl T E

M E U T S

Go! hope to link up with Captain
America of Marvel Comics and Lazer
Tag From Worlds of Wonder, the best
selling toy in the United States. Also in
production is the home computer
version of the blockbusting Masters of
the Universe film.

U.S. Gold's Tim Chaney believes
in the success of Go! and comments
'we are very confident that three years
experience as brand leaders in the
European software marketplace puts
us in the pole position to successfully
launch a new brand.*

Following the success of
Barbarian. Palace have now launched
a new software label - Ouilaw
Productions. Mathew Tims,
previously general manager of Palace
Software, will head the new operation,
which will run alongside Palace.
Mathew comments "there are now a
number of highly skilled and
professional development teams in
existence. Our aim is to help them
produce their best work and to market
it using the skills and knowledge we
have picked up over the last three
years."

The first release on the new label
will be a Shoot 'em Up Construction Kit

Arcade "Action

Irani left: Jonathan Hare, Matthew Tims and Christopher Yates

for the C64. It has been developed by Touchline.
Jonathan Hare and Christopher Yates
of Sensible Software, who with their
understanding of the C64 have
developed a system, which will enable
a person with no programming
knowledge to write the sort of games
that would have cost £10.

Hot ford Way.
Tel: 021-356

Go! Ltd: Unit 2/$

Birmingham B6 7AX.
3388.

Palace Software Ltd: 275 Pentotrville
Road, London A7 9NL Tel: 01-278
0751.

Alligata Software have released
Addiciahalf a game for the C64 priced
at £6.95 on disk. An addictive game of
shooting, scrolling protecting,
planning and humour, which demands
ra/or sharp reflexes.

Gremlin are in the final stages of
completing Coconut Capers, which
will feature the formidable Jack the
Nipper. The game is set in the jungle
where the tranquility is broken by the
arrival of Jack, who jumps from a
plane using his nappy as a parachute.
His father however is in hot pursuit,
and Jack being Jack gels up to
mischief with a tropical flavour in his

ellorts to avoid being caught and given
a spanking. Jack discovers the
cocounts are a useful form of defence
against the natives and true to form
tries to be as naughty as possible. A
special surprise awaits Jack as he
reaches 1009? on the Naughtyometer.
but only playing the game will reveal
it!

Coconut Capers will be available for
£ 14.99 on disk for the Commodore.

Rebel is the latest 'Gang of Five'
game from Virgin. You play worker
THX 2240. forced to work in an
agriculture factory of the future.
However, you can take no more and
steal a tank from the Crowd Control
Vehicle armoury. Then you must
escape by diverting the solar energy
normally used to enhance crop
growth. You need to collect and
arrange solar reflectors to reflect the
beam and blast your way through the
levels and make your final escape.
Rebel is available on cassette for
C64/I2X and costs £9.95.

Digital Integration will be
launching three new titles this autumn.
F-16 Combat Pilot is a game which

involves using a complex pay load of
avionics to search, locate and destroy
targets. Control a variety of modern
weaponry including AIM sidewinder
and AMRAAN missiles. AGM
Maverick, laser guided bombs and
30mm cannon to survive and win.

I he ATI (advanced tactical
fighter) portrays the low-flying and
virtually undectable Lockhead YF-
22A. Pick up intelligence information,
chose a variety of targets and test your
mind and dexterity in a hostile world.

With Bobsleigh, choose your
equipment and back-up support

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
6

NEWS

1

DATA

TflTEMENT

within constraints of sponsorship

funds, and get the true reding of speed
as you compete on World Cup and
Olympic tracks. All games are
available for the C64.

Touch! iae:

Alligata Software Ltd: / Orange Street,
Sheffield SI 4DW. Tel: 0742 755796.
Gremlin: Alpha House. 10 Carver

Street. Sheffield St 4 PS. Tel: 0742

753423.

iirgin: 2-4 lemon Yard. Poriabello
Road, London Wll 2DX. Tei: 01-727
8070.

Digital Integration Ltd: H'aichmoar
Trade Centre. W'atthmore Road.
Camber/ey, Surrey CU 15 3 A E. Tel: 0276
6H4044/ 684959.

Hardware Update

Now is the time for registered
Commodore users to buy a colour
monitor for their Amiga. Commodore
Business Machines (UK) Ltd are
offering £100 off either the Amiga 500
or A1081 colour monitor and £200 off
the pair, through vouchers which have
been mailed to all registered
Commodore users. Commodore
dealers have also been notified and a
window sticker will signify their
participation. There's no lime to waste
- the offer closes on September I2th.

An upgraded version of the
Excelcraior disk drive is now available
for the C64 from Evesham Micros,
who believe it is now the most
compatible disk drive on the market, h
is selling for £159 and following early
production difficulties, it is now fully
available from the foreign manu-
facturers.

The effects of exposure to noise in a
computerised environment are often
underestimated, and printers in
particular should be acoustically
shielded to minimise sound levels.
Kareware have recently produced a
Soundshield, which is aimed at the dot
matrix or compact display wheel
printer, which can reduce noise levels
by 15 decibels. The unit is lined with
fire resistant foam and features a
tinted reinforced glass lid. The price
ranges from £89.50 to £109.50, with
additional options available such as a
sheet-feeder attachment and stand and
a plug-in fan.

In addition to the Amiga 500.C128
and C64. Commodore's distributors

The upgraded ExteUerauir di\k drive.

have now been given control over the
PC 10. PC20 and PC40/20. The
distributors are Tomorrow's World in
Belfast and Dublin, Lightning
Distribution in London, Hugh
Symmons in Bournemouth and ZCL
(Zappo) Holdings in Staffordshire.
The new prices for complete systems
with a mono monitor are £699 for the
PC 10. £999 for the PC20and £1599 for
the PC 40/20. Tom Hart,
Commodore's (UK) national sales
manager believes that "the move into
the consumer marketplace with those
quality engineered products
dramatically strengthens the range of
Commodore products available to the
consumer.'

Following successful sales. Star

Micronics U.K. Ltd have cut prices of
their two most popular dot-matrix
printers. The price of the NL-10 which
is a nine-pin printer, offering 12
characters per second (cps) in draft
mode and 30 cps in near letter quality,
has dropped by over ten percent and is
now available for £248 (which includes
parallel interface). At the other end of
the scale, the N B-1 5 which provides an
incredible 300 cps in draft output and
laser-like letter printing at 100 cps. has
dropped in price to £849.

In a bid to provide a compact and
effective solution to desk-top printing
requirements. Viglen have produced a
range of printer stands, at prices
ranging from £9.95 to £29.95. The
stands are ideal for use with most 80 or
136 column PC printers and allow for
up to 1.000 sheets of continuous
stationery to be stored underneath.
Touchline;

Commodore Business Machines (UK)
Ltd: Commodore House. The
Switchback, Gardner Road.
Maidenhead. Berks SL6 7XA. Tel: 0628
770088.

Evesham Micros: 63 Bridge Street.
Evesham, Worcs WRII 4SE Tel: 0386
41989.

KAl Computer Sen ices Ltd Kareware:

Unit I, 7 Cubitt Street. London H'CL
Tel: 01-608 0081.

Viglen: Unit 7. Trumpers Way.
Hanwe/l, London W72QA. Tel: 01-843
9903.

Star Micronics UK Ltd: Craver/t
House. 40 Uxbridge Road, Ealing
London W5 2BS. Tel: 01-840 1800.

YOUR COMMODORK October 1987
7

NEWS

DATA

Fight to Win

Gremlin have released a war game

which puis the responsibility of the

future of the country in your hands.
What a position 10 be in! In Convoy
Raider, war has been declared and the
enemy is closing in and your mission is
lo patrol and defend the inner sea
using all modern weapon systems
which includes the Sea wolf - a deadly
accurate missile, the Kxocci. a video-
linked rocket and an anti-submarine
helicopter. Convoy Raider will be
available for the C64/12H on disk at
£14.99.

Toil cM in e:

Gremlin: Alpha House, 10 Carver
Streef. Sheffield SI 4FS, Tel: 0742
753423.

Adventure Time

The MicroProse/Origin partnership
have come up with a new concept in
fantasy role-playing in Moebius.
Available on the C64 disk and priced
at 119.95. it comes complete with
manual and oriental headband.

The aim of the game is to retrieve
the Celestial Orb or Harmony which
has been stolen from Moebius. The
game play is set in fourdifferent planes
- each having different variables and
ever-changing obstacles to overcome.
At each level challenges increase,
demanding greater courage and
cunning, use of martial arts-
swordsmanship and the wise use of

sophisticated magic systems is
essential to overcome an arrav of
opponents ranging from tigers to
assassins.

Gremlin have snapped up the
computer software rights to the
Charles Bronson film. Death Wish and
have been busy adapting the film to the
small screen to create Death Wish III.
Available on the Commodore 64/128,
the adventure follows the fortunes of
Paul Kersey (Charles Bronson) as the
justice-fighter who's out to rid New
York of the punks and creeps who
inlect the streets. Kerseys weapons
include a 475 Wildey Magnum, a
pump action shotgun, a machine gun
and a rocket launcher. His greatest ally
is his belief that the face of decent New
York citizens is in his hands alone; the
driving force behind all the violence
and bloodshed is Kersev's Death
Wish.

The PCW Show is in Town

The Personal Computer World Show
is with us once more, and after ten
years is still the industry's most
comprehensive exhibition for
business. This year's show which is
being held at Olympia is being run
from Wednesday 23rd to Sunday 27th
September, and as in previous years
the first two days will be reserved for
trade and business visitors. The show
will open from 10am until 7pm, except
on Sunday when it will close at 5pm.
Greater emphasis will be focused

on the business visitor this year and the

business hall in Olympia Two will
boast industry experts in addition to
some major product and company
launches.

Other attractions will include a
desktop publishing stand ( DTP) which
wilt give visitors the chance to see how

Meet Caprain Courageous - the
latest recruit from English Software.
Follow his adventures through hair-
raising jungle combat, journeys up
treacherous rivers, dangerous descents
and lethal rockfalls, quick-lire snipper
attacks, dramatic gun-fights across
high level bridges and the final rescue
bid and helicopter snatch. Captain
Courageous is available on the
Commodore 64/128 at £8.95 for
cassette and £12.95 on disk.

Touchline;

Mieroprose Software Ltd: 2 Market

Place. Tctbury, Gloucestershire GL8

KDA. Tel: 0666 54326.

Gremlin: Alpha House, 10 Carver

Street. Sheffield SI 4FS. Tel: 0742

753423,

English Software: I North Parade.
Parsonage Gardens. Manchester Mi
2NH. Tel: 061-835 I35X.

copies of the Daily Show News are
produced. The editorial staff will also
be at hand to offer advice and opinions
of the fast growing DTP industry.

The Open University will be
returning with regular video
presentations on expert systems in
British industry and image processing,
and one to one consultations will be
possible between viewings.

One of the more exotic attractions
at the show will be a chance to win a
holiday for two in Thailand. The 14-
day holiday which is worth £2.500 can
be won by simply entering a draw - so
make level two one of your first stops.

Tickets are available at £3 each
from the Keith Prowse ticket agency
{01-741 9999) or at the door.

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
8

DIMENSION

computers Ltd.

27/29 High Street
Leicester LE1 4FP
Tel: (0533)
517479/21874

THE MIDLAND'S LARGEST COMPUTER STORE

CBM 64/128 and PLUS 4 COMPANIES PACK

Sales/Purchase/ Nominal Ledgers with Invoicing

and Stock Control. Disc £24.95

" Very easy to use — probably the friendliest
package I have come across. "
Commodore User
VIZA

Vizastar XL8 64 £9A95- £79.95

VizastarXL8128 £129*95- £99.95

Vizawrite Classic 128 £9S~95- £79.95

PRECISION

Superscript 64 £60^5- £39.95

Superbase 64Z+4 £ao»8S- £39.95

Superscript 64

& Superbase 64 £168.-90" £69.95

Superscript t28 J£39t95~ £49.95

Superbase 128 _£9fc9T £49.95

Superscript 12B

& Superbase 128 £l*e*(r £89.95

Superbase, The Book £11.95

GEOS

CBM 64/128 Operating System

Including: Desktop, Geowrite, Geopaint, and

Desk Accessories, Disc , £49.95

GEOFILE

Geos Based Filing System, Disc £37.50

COMMODORE 128 COMPENDIUM PACK

Commodore 128 Computer, C2N Data Recorder,
Music Maker Keyboard, Spirit of the Stones,
Jack Attack and International Soccer
Software £269.95

AMIGA RANGE

including COMMODORE VOUCHER OFFERS
AMIGA A500/CBM MONITOR OFFER
AMIGA A5O0 With COMMODORE 1081
HIGH RES COLOUR MONITOR. Mouse,
Workbench, Basic and D PAINT Software

NORMALLY £972.90

WITH 2 « COMMODORE VOUCHERS. £749.95

AMIGA A500

with Mouse, Workbench. Basic, DPAINT
Software and TV Modulator

NORMALLY £573.85

WITH 1 * COMMODORE VOUCHER . . . £469.95

AMIGA A500/B833 MONITOR OFFER
AMIGA A500 with PHILIPS 8833 HIGH RES
COLOUR MONITOR with STEREO SOUND
OUTPUT. Mouse, Workbench, Basic and
DPAINT Software

NORMALLY £853.80

WITH 1 * COMMODORE VOUCHER . . . £699.95

COMMODORE 1081 HIGH RES MONITOR

NORMALLY £401.00

WITH 1 * COMMODORE VOUCHER... £299.95

AMIGA A2000 SYSTEM

AMIGA A20OO COMPUTER with COMMODORE
1081 HIGH RES COLOUR MONITOR

Including 1 year on-site maintenance . £1259.00

PHILIPS 8833 COLOUR MONITOR

High Res with Stereo Sound Output £279.95

AMIGA A500

Upgrade to 1 Mb £113.00

DIGIVIEW2VideoDigitiser £169.95

"Hardware product of the year. "
Amiga developers conference.

GENLOCK - Video controller. Overlays text and
graphics onto video pictures.

A10O0 Version £A94r50~ £449.00

A500&A2000 Version £529^Q- £479.00

PAGESETTER — Desktop Publishing

System £L4fcW £109.95

SCRIBBLE II-

Word Processor X9fc93~ £89.95

GOLDSPELL- Scribble

spell-checker X44*3~~ £37.95

WORDPERFECT - The best word processor
on the IBM now available

for the AMIGA £295.00

DELUXE PRINT £94t00~ £79.95

DELUXE VIDEO X9HXT £79.95

MUSIC CONSTRUCTION SET XSOrSS £84.95

DELUXE PAINT 2

AEGIS ANIMATOR/

IMAGES

AEGIS SONIX-

Synthesiser package

£449*5- £119.95
XmST £99.95
£79*5- £69.95

FEW ONLY

Commodore MPS 801

£99.95

Commodore DPS 1101

£199.95

STAR NL10 Dot Matrix Printer — Print Speed 120 cps in Draft Mode
and 30 cps in Near Letter Quality Mode; Friction and Tractor Feed;
5K Buffer; Automatic Single Sheet Paper Set; Front Mode Select Panel

Commodore version (with CBM 64/128 Printer Lead) £229.95

Centronics version (with Amiga Printer Lead) £234,95

Optional Cut Sheet Feeder , £63.95

1541 C DISC DRIVE

£199.95

1571 DISC DRIVE

£249.95

Both the above include either:

Software Pack A

6 Infocom Disc Adventure Games, or

Software Pack B

Quick Brown Fox Word Processor. Easytile Database and

Future Finance Planning Package

CBM 64/128 MUSIC EXPANSION SYSTEM

Including Keyboard, Synthesiser and Software £99.95

COMPOSER/EDITOR SOFTWARE

For Music Expansion System, Tape or Disc £24.95

3-slot switchable C64 Motherboard £16.95

ACTION REPLAY Mk III

Tape to Disc Back-up Cartridge £29.95

NEOS MOUSE

WITH CHEESE SOFTWARE, Tape or Disc £24.95

COMMODORE C2N DATA RECORDER £29.95

TROJAN CADMASTER LIGHT PEN

Commodore 64 , £16.95

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CITIZEN 120D NLQ PRINTER

Fully Commodore compatible £199.95

Commodore 1571 Double-sided Drive £239.95

Commodore 1901 Colour Monitor £299.95

Philips 64/128 Green Screen Monitor £89.95

Commodore 1541C Disc Drive £189.95

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R E V I E W S

Combat

Simulations

The following games are a selection from
the growing band of simulations that pack

a punch, and aren't just therapy for
retired pilots suffering withdrawal symptoms.
By Tony Hetherington

If your idea of simulation is pressing 43 keys to lift a plane
off the ground, only to circle around for half an hour before
crashing, while attempting to land, then take a back seat as
Combat Simulations puts you firmly in the thick of the
action. You take command (and often the controls) of a war
machine with a mission and a not just a sight seeing lour and
you must strike first before the enemy turns you into scrap
metal.

Inflight entertainment is for those who like their
excitement without their feet on the ground and includes
bombing raids in World War II. 100 missions for an Apache
helicopter Gunship and futuristic lights for the Sky Fox.
Surface tension takes to the high seas and on patrol in a
Destroyer unit finally we plunge into deep trouble and
dive! dive! dive! into submarine action.

Inflight Entertainment

Right simulators were slow to take off with programmes
that were difficult to use and were little more than sight-
seeing tours Lining the player to devise more and more
spectacular ways of crashing. Flight simulators needed
more action. These high livers have plenty of action packed
into dogfights and bombing raids and are as different as the
aircraft they simulate.

B24

In this latest combat liver you take control of nol onl)
plane but a full squadron of 40 B24's in bombing raids on the
oil refineries of Ploesti, Rumania. Your mission is to knock
out the oil supply for Hitler's war machines The real B24
squadron that was given this task started with 60 aircraft
and were left with only tour alter tlvmg 50 missions You
have only 40 bombers and 19 missions to knock out 12
targets.

With a mission that's lough you're going lo need some
practice and so two other targets arc included and so you
train-as-you-bomb Mostar in Yugoslavia

Adriatic Sea from your base in Spinazzola, Italy) and the
heavily guarded Rumanian city of Bucharest. Survh e these
training missions with your squadron in tact and you're
ready for the main event.

1 o help you plan your assaults the game disk or tape is
accompanied by a map of your targets and possible routes,
an intelligence report on Ploesti and an instruction booklet
thai includes a step by step guide through the Mostar
mission.

rhe first step of a mission is to take off and circk- a!
it bout 2000ft as the other planes slot into formation. Then
you must rende u uh your lighter escort, precede to the
target and Man your bombing run. The effectiveness of your
run is increased if you're Hying at the correct height and
speed for your bomb load and deliver it on the target. Once
you've done this you should get out of the area as quickly as
possible and get your squadron back to base with as many
planes as possible III and fueled for the next mission.

B24 is one of SSI's superb strategy games and despite its
crude graphics, it's a frantic game to play. Ii was designed by
two bomber pilots, so you can be sure it's accurate, and you
can speed up real lime to fly past the long (lights to and from

YOUR C'OMMODORK nctolwr 1987
10

REVIEWS

►

the larger The game assumes thai Squadron Leaders know
how to fly a plane and leave you with minimal controls hut
plenty to do as you plan rendezvous routes with fighter
escorts, bomb targets and return to base while coping with
damage to your own aircraft. One mission down. 18 to go
and you've already lost four aircraft and another six need
repairs!

ToucMine:

Title; B24. Supplier: US Gold/SSI. Unit 2/3 Hol/Ofd Way,
Ho/ford, Birmingham B6 7AX. Tel: 021-356 338$ Machine:
C64. Price; £19.95 (d). LI 4.95 (c). Originality: 7/10.
Graphics: 4/10. Payability: 7/10. Value: 7/10.

G unship

A former Game ol the Monih(May*87)Gunship took flight

simulators to new heights and its players on 100 missions
thai range from the training Held of the USA to the
battlefields of the world.

The Apache helicopter gunship is remarkably easy to fly
considering there are 31 keyboard and joystick controls
thanks to a keyboard overlay and two 'fly and light them*
tutorials.

When you've graduated from the training fields you're
ready for your first sortie in South East Asia. After an
intelligence report and mission details of your primary and
secondar) targets you must arm your Apache with a balance
of 30mm cannon ammo. Hellfire missiles. Ffar rockets and
Sidewinder air to air missiles. The exact nature of your
weapons ts decided by the mission you're on and the enemy
forces that you're expecting. Cannon lire is good at close
range but you'll also need some Ffar rockets to take out
infantry and gun emplacements where as Hellfire missiles
are needed for armoured targets such as tanks and bunkers

ing the Sidewinder to greet enemy Hind helicopters.

As you travel the globe from .Asia to the Middle East,
Central America and Europe you'll be challenged by more
powerful and better equipped enemies and will need all your
electronic counter measures, flares and chaffs ta slay in the
air long enough to complete your mission.

Succesful missions will earn you points, medals and even
promotions until eventually you'll retire as a heavily
decorated Colonel.

Gunship is a massive 100 mission. 3D flight simulation

where the sky is the limit tor the pilot skilled in combat
flying.

Touvhline:

Title: Gunship, Supplier: Microprose. 2 Murker Place.
Tetbury, Gloucestershire GL8 8DA. Tel: 0666 5432
Machine: C64. Price: £19.95 (d). £14.95 (c). Originalit
8/10, Graphics: 8/10. Payability: 10/10. Value: 10/10.

Aces of Aces

The Moquito fighter bomber flew a variety of missions
during World War II and now it's your turn to take the

controls as you try to become the Ace of Aces.

The game begins in the briefing room as the CO,
outlines the tasks ahead to destroy the U-boats as they leave
their base, shoot down incoming bombers, defied V I

rockets and destroy a POW train but not the cars containing
the prisoners. These missions can be tackled individually but
to become the Ace of Aces you will have to tackle them all in

a single sortie.

To fly the mission, you will have to master the controls
on five screens that show your left and right wings and
engines, bomb bay and weapon selector, operations map
and forward view from which you must fly the plane and
shoot down enemy aircraft.

Ace of Aces owes a tot to an earlier Artech game based
on the Dambusters but features more options, missions and
a lot more action.

Touchline:

Title: Ace of Aces. Supplier: US Gold (Artech), Unit 2/3
Holford Way. Ho/ford Birmingham B6 7 AX. Tel: 021-356
3388. Machine: C64. Price: £9.95. Originality: 7/10.
Graphics: 7/10. Payability: 9/10. Value: 8/10.

Sky fox is an all action 3D combat flight simulator set in the
near future where you must battle an alien invasion force of
tanks, planes and motherships. The scenarios range from
training missions to all out invasions that have descriptive
names such as the Alamo. Massive Onslaught ano
Cornered.

The screen display shows the cockpit of your Sky fox
Phantom showing the radar scanner to plot the position of

YOUR COMMODORE octohor 1987 mm
11

REVIEWS

ihc enemy, shield, fuel and speed ind 1

view of the battlefield. You can punch up a com |

which will plot your position as well as those ol

tanks, planes and motherships. Your first target must be lite

motherships as these can launch squadrons ol' tanks to

destroy your installations. I ose those and you lose )

Chance lo reluel and rearm. You can then choose whethei to

take on the tanks at ground level or zoom up above the cloud

cover to dogfight with the enemy aircraft.

A great game w hich was one of Ariolasoft's greatest hits
and could get a new lease of life as Electronic Arts set up a
UK base.

ToticMine

Title: Skyfox. Supplier: L/a ironic Arts. Ang/ey Business
Centra, 11-49 Staiion Road. Lung few Nr. Slough, Berks SL3
494-12. Machine: C64. Originality: 7/10.
Graphics; 9/10. Payability: WW. Value: X/ 10.

Here's a duo of destroyer action in which you must
protect the free world from air, sea and underwater attack in
Convoy Raider and Captain your ship in seven different
Destroyer missions ranging from a Subhuni to Convoy
Escort.

Convoy Raider

In Gremlin's Convoy Raider your mission is to patrol the
Inland Sea and attack and destroy any enemy planes, ships
or aircraft that you find. Finding them isn't a problem as
they'll find you even if you don't leave your port. Surviving
us the skill.

Tuuchline:

Title: < onvoy Haider Supplier: Gremlin Graphics. Alpha
House, I" < m 1 . i Street. Sheffield SI 41 S. Tel: "74: 7534: J.
Machine; < '64 Price: £9.99(0. £14.99 ft/). Originality: 5/ 10.
Graphics; / fO. Play-ability: 7/10. Value: 5/ lo.

Can you man 13 stations on a Fletcher class Destroyer, all at
the same time? Can you also use these stations to complete
one of seven missions on the high sea'.' You will need to doali
this and more as you take the helm in Fpyx's Destroyer us
well as the radar, sonar, navigation, bridge, observation
deck, forward and aft guns, port and starboard anti-aircraft
guns, port and starboard torpedo tubes, depth charge and
damage control stations! You move between the stations by
typing in two letter codes such as BR for bridge and after a
lew seconds you're faced with a new set of controls. Mosl
controls are self-explanatory .such as aiminu guns or
torpedoes before firing or setting the depth charges to a
bracket of depths for a better chance of taking out a
submarine.

In the controlled panic of a full mission you will need all
your skill and strategy to ensure that you get your shot in
first* and that it counts as you can't afford long battles with a
single enemy ship when you've got a convoy to protect and
damage control crews to assign, a course to plot and so on.
An excellent multi-screen simulation.

Touchline;

Title: Destroyer. Supplier: US Gold/Epyx, Unit 2/3 Holford
Way, Ho/ford, Birmingham B6 7AX. Tel: 021-356 3388.
Machine: C64. Price; £9.95.

Originality: 7/10. Graphics; 9/10. Playability: 9/10. Value:

9/10.

0 0' .

fcl W 0 *

The action is controlled from five screens that are
accessed from a radar screen with three sweeping radar
displays showing the presence of any encim
the surface or underwater. If a blip shows upon
you must go the appropriate batllcshi M man [he

nli-aircraft sea wolf missiles to shoot d<
or incoming Fxocci missiles, the depth chare,
destroy submarines and guide y
knock out enemy shipping. You must piloi y oui
around the Inland Sea using the map
slate ol >our ship from the damage scret

The action is fast and furious but isn't qui
standards of the other simulation

1 he stealth of a submarine as it lurks unseen underwater
only u< surface andstrikeat the heart of a convoy has always
been great material for a game. Until now. C64 submariners
could only sign up for the Silent Serv ice. Now they can also
n patrol in I'p Periscope and will soon be able to dive!
dive! dive! with the submarine version of EpyVs Desi rover.

VetionSofl have produced one of the best

YOUR COMMODORE October
12

K K V I K W S

simulations you're ever likely to play as you take to the
depths in a World War II fleet class submarine.

The screen display is split into three sections. A strip
across the lop of the screen shows the command options
available and highlights those selected. Below that a 3D view
displays what you can see from either the conning tower or
the periscope and below that is an instrument panel showing
your bearing, depth, speed, power, torpedos left and every
other dial or reading you'll need to find your targets and sink
them.

If you select the charts to plot your position or the radar
to search for enemy destroyers or perhaps the torpedo data
computer to lock on target then the 3D view will swap to a
split-screen display with the instrument occupying the right
hand side and the important part of the 3D view on the left.
The result works extremely well either in a practice mode or
on patrol in the Pacific.

The graphics are quite exceptional and are the result of
ActionSoft using Sublogics 3D routines pioneered in its
(light simulator.

A copy of this game arrived in the Your Commodore
office in an unmarked pack and it took some time to track
down where you could get it. There isn't a UK version of it
yet so if you want a copy of the game disk, instruction book
and tactics manual you'll have to gel an imported copy from
Strategic Plus Software.

ToucMirte:

Title: Up Periscope. Supplier: Action Soft/Strategic Plus
Software, P.O. Box 8. Hampton. Middx. TW12SXA. Tel: 01-
979 29X7. Machine: C64, Price: LW.

destroyers. To add to your problems you can include a
selection of reality factors such as poor visibility, zigzagging
convoys, dud torpedos and the worrying expert destroyers.

Silent Service is the easier submarine game to play but
Up Periscope will provide a better campaign game. You may
even get promoted.

T ouchline:

Title: Silent Service. Supplier: Microprose, 2 Market Place.
Tetbury, Gloucestershire. GL8 8DA. Tel: 0666 54326.
Machine: C64. Price: C9.95.

Originality: 7/10. Graphics: 8/10. Payability: 8/10. Value:
9/10. W

Silent Service

Silent Service was the first submarine simulation to reach
these shores courtesy of US Gold.

Once the game has loaded and the scenario selected, the
program displays the bridge with you standing by the
periscope. If you press the button you can see through the
scope (if you're not below periscope depth) but you can also
move the joystick to go up to the conning tower to lire the
deck gun. to the map table to plot a route and to the
instruments to change course. Once selected the screen
changes to show the relevant display.

As in Up Periscope you can put your submariner skills to
the test in a series of scenarios and war patrols in which your
targets will be tankers and troop ships and your enemy the

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YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
13

BASIC TUTORIAL

Bothersome

Basic

Given up on Basic or never got started? It does have its
uses - and it is worth having a second go, so follow this

or several years now. Basic has
been courted, struggled with and
ultimately ignored by countless
thousands of would-be programmers.
The main problem is that there are
very few training courses specifically
aimed at the Commodore 64 home
user. I was myself involved with an
enterprise aimed at bringing Basic to
the masses through intensive weekend
courses. One message was clear, it is
not easy to learn from manuals alone
and most people require clear concise
instruction to help them understand
the whys and wherefores of specific
programming problems.

Having just alerted the Editor to
the apparent futility of this series I'd
belter quickly explain my Basic-
philosophy!

This series will deal with all aspects
of Basic for the beginner, the crest-
fallen and the persistent keyboard
basher. If you find you don't
understand any area that we cover
during future months, pick up your
pen and write to me. If a routine in one
of your programs refuses to respond to
gentle persuasion, let me know. Before
I disappear under a flood of while
envelopes I will say now that I can't
promise to have enough hours in a
week to answer all of your individual
problems but I do promise to give all
the help 1 can but only if you follow the
instructions at the end of this article.

Each month the article will deal
with a simple programming technique
followed by a deeper dive into the
workings of the computer which may
be too advanced for those just wishing
to write some useful routines, but
which will provide the key to a fuller
understanding of computers for those
who wish to progress to machine code
routines later on.

series. . .
By Eric Doyle

Essential Altitude

A good attitude to take towards your
computer is to think of it as a foreigner
with a limited command of English.
The first reaction a confused tourist
will experience is the natural
assumption that they're as thick as two
short planks and as deaf as a post. In
most cases this is not really a fair
altitude but with a computer nothing
could be nearer the truth. If you don't
believe me think of all the times the
machine has refused to perform the
simplest of tasks without fault and
consider why we have to use
CAPITAL LETTERS!

Presumably you will all have read
the erudite and definitive training
given in the Commodore manual and.
despite this handicap, have
nevertheless gleaned a few of the very-
basic commands available to you. I
will assume that you can now
successfully PRINT messages on the
screen and that you will also have
sussed the fact that programs consist
of numbered lines of instructions
which the computer slavishly reads
and obeys unquestioningly. A simple
program would look like this:

10 PRINT "DON"! PANIC"

Type RUN and the words DON'T
PANIC appear on the screen. All very
comforting but not exactly useful.

We can get the computer to do
something fractionally more thrilling
by using a device known as a loop.
This causes the program to madly
repeat the program over and over
again. The simplest way to do this is to
add the line:

20 RUN

All this does is to get the program
to re-run time and again and. despite
the comforting message, it will induce
extreme panic in the beginner when
the wretched machine refuses to stop.
Don 'I reach for the power switch,
simply press the key marked
RUN/STOP on the extreme left of the
keyboard and the computer will takca
break until you type in RUN again.

Believe it or not. one of the most
common faults at this level of
programming is to forget to press the
RETURN key when typing in the
program. If your computer isn't
behaving properly type LIST
(remember to press RETURN) and the
contents of the program memory will
be revealed.

Now that you're fully equipped
with a way to drive computer salesmen
up the wall with eternally repeating
rude messages at your local computer
store let me say that he will not be
impressed with your programming
style! Far better to substitute line 20 with:

20 GOTO 10

This simply tells the computer to loop
back and repeat line 10 ad nauseam or
until the RUN/STOP key is pressed.

Once again we have produced a
program with very little practical
application except lor hi-tech vandals
who make the saleman's life a misery
of continual vigilance.

To Usefully Go (To)

Before we see how the GOTO
command can be used in a sensible
way. we have one more kind of loop to
consider which introduces a basic
concept used by all programs: the
variable.

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
14

BASIC TUTORIAL

Type NEW. press RETURN and
you will clear ihe computer's memor\
ready for a new program. If you try
LIST at this point the computer will
simply respond with the word
READY so type the following
program in:

10 FOR A=l TO 10

20 PRINT "DON'T PANIC"

30 NEXT A

40 PRINT "FINISHED"

Run the program and you will find the
phrase printed just ten times on the
screen. To explain this miraculous
phenomenon concentrate on line 10.

The letter A is know n as a variable.
The best way to imagine this is to think
of the computer as a stack of boxes.
We have asked the computer to mark
one of these boxes with a big letter A in
which it w ill store anything we say that
A is equal to. You may now think that
we've told the computer that A= 1 but
what about the TO 10 bit? The main
thing about a variable is that it can be
varied! We've told the computer that
A will vary between I and 10. The
computer translates this as meaning
that A will have a value of one at the
beginning of the program so it stores
that value in the box labelled A.

The program then runs to line 20
and prints the message. Then when
line 30 is translated the computer
checks back to where A= 1 TO 10 was
encountered and loops back to that
line. Now the clever part occurs.
Checking the contents of box A the
computer finds that it still contains a
one. Having been told that A will vary
between 1 and 10 it increases the
content of the box by one so that A
now contains the value two. Line 20 is
obeyed and NEXT A is encountered
again so it loops back to line 10. Once
more the content of box A is increased
by one to three and the whole process
is repeated until A has a value often.

When A is increased the computer
checks to see if that number is greater
than ten. We have now reached the
point where A= 10 and is incremented
to eleven this is bigger than ten and so
the program jumps to the line after the
NEXT A command and FINISHED is
printed on the screen.

How can we prove that this
happens? First of all type PRINT A
and press RETURN. The value eleven
is printed on the screen. Hmm, it
seems plausible but we need proof.

Semi Differences

Let's try somethingdifferent. LIST 20,
move the cursor to the end of line 20
and type in a semi-colon. Press return
and LIST the program. Masterfully,
the computer should have inserted the
altered line in its correct place in the
program:

10 FOR A=l TO 10

20 PRINT "DON'T PANIC".

30 NEXT A

40PR1NT "FINISHED"

Change line 40 to read PRINT A
and run the program. This lime the
message is printed ten limes across the
screen with 1 1 printed at the end. The
semi-colon tells the computer that the
next PRINT statement will continue
from where the last print statement
leaves off. Alter line 40 to:

40 PRINTA:PRINT"FINISHED"

Re-run and you'll see that the number
II is now printed on a separate line.
We have ended the semi-colons
dictaiorial reign. As you can see more
than one command can be written on a
program line as long as you separate
Ihe commands by a colon. NEW the
program and type this in:

10 FOR A=l TO 10:PRINT A;
"DON'T PAN1C":NEXT A:? A

Don'l worry about the question mark
in line 10. just type in ihe line as
printed here and run the new program.

This time the messages are
preceded by a number which is the
current value of A. List the program
and you'll find that the question mark
has changed to the word PRINT. The
computer has a built-in shorthand

Command

Abbreviation

ABS

aB

NEXT

nE

AND

aN

NDT

nQ

A5C

aS

DN

on

ATN

a 1

nppM

ur ci >j

OP

CHRS

cH

OR

or

CLOSE

clO

PEEK

pE

CLR

cL

POKE

pO

criD

cM

POS

pos

CONT

cO

PRINT

?

CDS

cos

PR INTtt

pR

DATA

dA

READ

rE

DEF

dE

REM

rem

Din

dl

RESTORE

reS

END

eN

RETURN

reT

EXP

eX

RIGHTS

rl

FN

Fn

RND

rN

FOR

FD

RUN

rU

FRE

FR

SAUE

sA

GET

gE

SGN

sG

GETtt

gettt

SIN

si

GOSUB

gaS

SPCC

sP

GQTD

go

SQR

sQ

IF

if

STEP

stE

INPUT

input

STOP

sT

INPUT*

iN

STRS

stR

INT

int

SYS

sY

LEFTS

leF

TABC

tA

LEN

len

TAN

tan

LET

IE

THEN

tH

LIST

11

USR

uS

LOAD

10

UAL

vA

LDG

log

UERIFY

vE

niDS

ml

UAIT

wA

NEW

neiu

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
15

which can save space and lime. You
may have encountered listings which
have lines that the computer refuses to
accept because they stretch beyond
two lines of text on the screen. This is
known as the logical line length which,
logically, is the maximum length of a
line and equals 80 characters or in
other words two screen lines.

We'll come back to this later so
store it as the back of your mind in a
box marked 'Don't Forget*.

Nine Times?

Let's put our loop to some serious
work. A computer is more than a
sophisticated adding machine but it
can be used to best effect for
calculations. Let's construct a
program which produces the nine
times table. We could do this in the
long winded way which would repeat
lines such as:

I0PRINT"2 X 9 = ",2*9
2Q?"3 x 9 = M J*9

and so on, but using a loop simplifies

all this typing:

10 FOR A=2 TO 12

20 ?A;" x 9 = ";A*9
30 NEXT

You'll notice that I've failed to
type A after NEXT in line 30,
preferring to let the computer decide
which variable we're currently using.
This variable's name is not
particularly helpful when you come
back to look at the listing in ten years
time so why not use the computer's
ability to understand longer variable
names. It could easily be called
NUMBER instead of A. but you must
change the name in each line where is
appears.

We can run two loops at the same time
by placing one inside the other:

10 FOR MULTIPLIERS TO 12
20 FOR NUMBERS TO 12
30 .'NUMBER:" X";M ULTIPLIER;"
=";N UMBER • MULTIPLIER
40 NEXT NU.MU

Running this program causes the
computer to put up the full set of
tables from two to 1 2 but it all goes too
quickly for any practical purpose.

You'll also notice that I've only
used the first two letters of each
variables name in the NEXT
statement. The name of a variable is a
bit of a con because the computer only

labels the relevant boxes with the first
two letters of the variable's name.
When naming variables you must
always remember this because the
computer would treat variables called
MULTIPLIER and MULTIPLIC AND
as the single variable MU and chaos
would result.

Loops Within Loops

You'll also have seen that I've gone
back to naming the variables after the
NEXT statement. When more than
one variable is used it's safer to do
things this way but make sure that the
variables are named in the correct
order. The computer will not accept
loops which are not properly 'nested'
inside one another. In other words the
following is acceptable:
10 FOR A=l TO 10
20 FOR B= I TO 5

120 NEXT B.A

But in the lollowing, the loops are not
nested loops and would cause
problems:

10 FOR A=I TO 10
20 FOR B= I TO 5

■

120 NEXT A.B

Meanwhile, back in our program
there is one way to make it easier to see
the times tables by adding the
following line;
40 NEXT NU

50 FOR DELAY= I TO 250:NEXT
60 NEXT MU

Now the program pauses between
each table printout. Line 50 simply
makes the computer count to 250
before continuing. Try varying the
value and see what happens.

Know Your Shorthand

Before 1 pull the plug on this week's
beginner's course let's go back to the
computer shorthand.

Apart from the question mark for
PRINT, most of the other keywords
can be shortened by using the first one
or two letters of the keyword followed
by the next letter Shifted. The best way
to see this is to switch the computer
into lower case mode by holdingdown

the Shift key and pressing the
Commodore key once.
Type in the following:

10 ?:pO:nE:rU:reT

List the program and you'll find the
keywords revealed in lull. A full list of
abreviations can be found near the
back of your Commodore manual but
I included it here to show the number
of command keywords at your service.

The Deep End

The following line extends beyond the
logical line on the screen. Try entering
it as printed here and see what happens
when you press RETURN:

10PRINT "THIS WOULD NOT
FIT INTO ONE PROGRAM LINE":
FOR A = ITO 10:POKEI024+A,0:
NEXT:?"BYE"

Next switch tolowercaseand enter
the line as follows:

10 7"lhis would not fit into one
program line", IO a= I to 1 9:pO 102+a,
0:nE:?"bye"

This time the line goes into
memory. List it and it does the
impossible by stretching over three
screen lines. Why?

To understand this phenomenon
you have to realise that ever) character
in a program line is stored as a separate
number in consecutive memory
locations. Keywords are stored as a
single number no matter how long
their real name is. PRINT is stored in
memory as the value 153 but in a
statement such as:

PRINT "PRINT YOUR NAME"

the first PRINT would be stored as a
single byte of value 153 but the second
PRINT in the quotation marks would
be stored as a string of ASCII codes
for the relevant letters: 80.82,73.78 and
84. If it were possible to poke a line
directly into memory you could
feasibly enter almost 40 kevwords on
one line!

Send your problems to Eric Doyle,
Bothersome /task . Your Commodore.
ASP Ltd. I Golden Square, London
WIR 3AB enclosing any relevant
printouts or listing recordings relating
to your query. I'm afraid that I cannot
answer queries- by plume under any
circumstances, ' ;

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
16

powerful home
and business

programs in just
ONE package — at
a price that simply
can't be matched!

Outs
for n

you want to use
your 64 as a highly
efficient office
machine. Mini
Office certainly
gives you the
power you need.

-CC/

WORD PROCESSOR
Compose a letter, set the print-
out options using embedded
commands or menus, use the
mail merge facility to produce
personalised circulars - and
more!

SPREADSHEET
Prepare budgets or tables, total
columns or rows with ease,
copy formulae absolutely or
relatively, move directly to a
specific location, recalculate
automatically - and more!

GRAPHICS

Enter data directly or load data
from the spreadsheet, produce
pie charts, display bar charts
side by side or stacked, overlay
line graphs - and more!

DATABASE SOFTWARE

DATABASE

Build up a versatile card index,
use the flexible print-out
routine, do powerful multi-field
sorting, perform all arithmetic
functions, link with the word
processor - and more!

COMMS MODULE

Using a modem you can access

services such as MicroLink and

book rail or theatre tickets,

send electronic mail, telex and

telemessages in a flash - and

more!

LABEL PRINTER
Design the layout of a label with
the easy-to-use editor, select
label size and sheet format,
read in database files, print out
in any quantity - and more!

Europa House. 6K Chester Road,
Hazel Grove, Stockport SK7 5NY

ORDER FORM

Please send me Mini Office II for the
Commodore 64/128

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SE\ti TO: Oululw Suhwurv.

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A039

Computer
Communications

Communicating with computers is very fashionable at
the moment, but can also seem very confusing to the
novice. We take an in-depth look at w hat
communications are and why they are needed.

20th CENTURY HAMSTER

828a

mow and understand what
Is meant by human communications
but computer communications are
different, or arc ihcy? They are
different because a computer is a
machine which cannot think, but
which is piogrammable and more
importantly we can get to the inside of
a computer whereas wc cannot
connect a lead from one person's bruin
to another! A computer and a person
are similar in the wav that data (ideas

or words) is sent from one machine
and received and interpreted by
another. Thai's tine, you may say, but
why do two computers want to
communicate?

The answer is simple, we want
them to. We want and need the
information which is only available
through ihem. In a large company,
perhaps using different systems,
information may need to be
transferred from one computer to

another within the same building, so a
phone line is not necessary but a fast
rale of transfer (baud rate -explained
later) is.

On the other hand, to transfer data
between d liferent offices or between
your home and a computer miles away
necessitates the use of a telephone line
(except in a specialised Held where
data is transmitted via satellite). A
telephone line limits the rate of
transfer which can can lake place.

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987

COMMUNICATION^

lii order lo connect your computer lo
the phone line, there are two essential
items you need.

first ot all. your phone line muM
have die 600 Jack type sockets. These
sockets allow you lo plug in your
phone, answering machine or modem
providing of course, that the
peripheral, i.e. your phone or item thar
you wish toping in. is fitted with a little
white plug.

Secondly you need a modem. The
woid modem is an abbreviation oi the
words MODulator DtModulator.
Hie signals a computer understands
HFC not the same as those which go
along a telephone line and therefore a
translation process is necessary at both
the sending and receiving ends. This
translation process is carried out by
the modem.

Also the software used depends on
the modem you use and the purpose
for which it is to be put. Some modems
come with software cither in them (in
ROM) or on disk with them, others
require you to purchase the software
separately.

Before this question can be answered.
whi have to decide what services you
want to access with your computer, in
other words you have to decide what
you want lo do once you have it
connected up. It's rather like buying
any other software; you have todecide
Who I features that software should
have, w hich will be dependent on what
vou want to do.

The first thing to consider when
deciding on which modem to use. is
baud rate. Baud rate is the rate at
which data transfer occurs and is
measured in bits per second (bps).
(Remember that a single character is
made up of eight bits or one byte, at
least as far as eight bit machines are
concerned.)

However, w hen characters are sent
from one machine to another,
additional signals arc needed to
indicate to the receiving computer, i.e.
'end of character'.

Therefore, as a rule of thumb,
when convcrtinu from baud rate to

E T L

Guideline Main Index

9 Network News
25th June "87

Li What Prestel is,
who/what's on it
12 Joining Prestel

3331a

ree

ear

i fti:

13 Prestel equip* 't

14 Mho, how S where
- answers

15 Jargon explained

16 Technical index

1? Service breaks
18 News index

19 GuideLine - your
opinion please!

Main Index

24 Prestel access
Phone no. list

Account, ID S
Access nunbers
and how to
change your
password

i ndexes

characters a second, you should divide
by ten. Thus a baud rate of 300 is
equivalent to 30 characters per second.
Also the maximum baud rate which
most telephone lines can use in this
country is 1200 bps.

The common baud rates used in
Britain over the telephone line are
300/300. 1200/75 and 1200/1200,

When baud rates are written, the
downloading or receiving rate is
written first and the uploading or
sending rate is written second. In two
out of three cases the rates in both
directions are the same.

The baud rate 1200/75 is very
popular in Britain, (although never
used in America) enables information
to be received at 1200 bps, yet sends
information at only 75 bps. The baud
rate 300/300 is used forTelecom Gold.
Packet Switch Stream (PSS) and
bulletin boards both in this country
and the USA.

The baud rate 1200/1200 is used
mainly for uscr-to-user file transfers
and last upload by editors on Prestel
and Compunet. This is also used in the
USA. Companies such as Prcslcl.
Compunet, Telecom Gold, PSS and
bulletin hoards favour 1200/75.

Without going into too much detail at
this stage. I'll briefly explain some
words that I've used.

Prestel is a service run by British
Telecom, yet its information comes
from various firms, organisations and
hobbyists.

Compunet is u service run by
Compunet Teleservices Ltd and is
specifically for 64 and 128 users at the
moment.

Packet Switch Stream is a service run
by British Telecom (in this country)
which allows you to access computer
systems in other countries, e.g. USA.
Europe, etc. which use different
communications protocols, i.e. have
different parameters, to our own.

Telecom Cold is another service run by
British Telecom.

Bulletin Hoards are services provided
by private individuals or companies
for people with similar interests, e.g. a
catalogue of a company's products, or
a particular hobby such as amateur
radio or commodore users.

When deciding which modem is
needed, the next part to considei
how to interface the modem to the
computer. The two main interlace
standards used are a) interfacing to the
cartridge port and b) interfacing with
I he RS232 (usually via the user port).
This can be an important point to
consider, e.g. if you plug ;i modem or
cartridge into the cartridge port of the
12S it will power up as a 64. Also some
software will not let you print out via
the user port if the modem is plugged
into the cartridge port, but this is much
more of a software problem.

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
19

OMM

1'hirdk. ant! perhaps the mosi
important issue, is software Musi lite
soft Wife be viewdata compatible?
Viewdata compatible is the term used
for Systems which work like Prestel
where D 'page' of information comes
up in colour on your TV screen using
1200/75 baud iate. It is similar to
teletext, but not identical.

Compunei is another system where
you receive a Rcreenfull of information
at u rime but are its protocols

(parameters) different to those of
PrcMel? Have you thought about
sending and receiving files via the
phone line so sou can work in
conjunction with your friends miles
away? Do you want to be able to look
at Bulletin Boards and if so at what
baud rale? For the more adventurous,
how about running your own bulletin
board or becoming an editor on
Prestel? Do you want (o be able to
print the information out on paper
(e.g. a screen dump)? And so on.

Finally, Ihcre are the more
"advanced* features which you look for
. in a modem, e.g. can it autodial? Thai
is. can you type in the number at ihe
keyboard and lei the modem dial for
you? Can the modem autoanswer, e.g.
if someone rings your number, will the
modem answer? This feature is only
really necessary ii you are running a
bulletin board and ihen it becomes
essential. Has the modem error-
cheeking? This is a very important
feature if you are downloading
software, i.e. receiving a file from
another computer, e.g. Prestel. and
storing it on disk. Another question to
be asked is whether the modem is full-
duplex or half-duplex? Full-duplex isa
true two-way communication because
your computer screen displays what
you are typing, as well as whal is being
typed on the other computer.
(Actually, whatever you type, is first
sem to the other computer and then
sen; back 10 your computer and
displa>ed on the screen. So if you are
using full-duplex and your typing
appears on screen, you know thai the
connection has been made.) Half-
duplex, however, lets you sec onh
what is t\ped on the other computer.
Some services use full-duplex and
others half-duplex, and so it is
necessary to consider this feature with
baud rate once you know how you will
be using your modem.

-TALENT SHOWCASE

AUTHOR

F

BIZ BUZZ

DEMO ROUNDUP

MUZAK

23K, Hi-ill HH

HEEKEHD DEMOS

T +
T+.
T4
T7
T5
T6

-EDITOR-
-EDITOR
MOTLIME
HOTLINE
HOTLIHE
HOTLItfE

COMPUNE
COM

NEWS Ft DEMO REUIEMS F2 ART
S F4 MUSIC F5 PURPLE PRESS
GET ■Jlft^BMir

aaaLGE]

F3
FG

Today there are many modems on the
market. I will discuss some of them,
along with the various software
packages that either come with them
or which can be bought separately.
This will provide you with sufficient
inlormation to let you investigate on
your own before deciding which
products to buy.

This autodialling modem is no longer
being manufactured but many do
exist. It is the most versatile modem, in
as much as you can access all systems
with it. In tact, it is the only modem
which can be used for accessing
Compunei. The disadvantage ol using
the Commodore modem is that it
works at 1200/75 or 1200/1200 (hall-
duplex) and does not work at 300/300.
Compunet Teleservices do a veiv
good, cheap deal if you purchase your
modem when joining Compunei; the
modem is given away free! (sec later).

If you join Compunei. you can
download (either for free or for a small
charge) various software including
software for accessing Prestel,
terminal software (i.e. for accessing
scrolling systems like Telecom Gold)
and user-to-user software (for
transferring files), from Y2. Software
for prestel editing is available from Y2.
This modem can be used with the 64 or

128. It is also British Telecom
approved!

The 64 multi-modem can be used with
the 64 and 128 will let you operate at
all three baud rates and has all of the
software in ROM. It costs £116.15
including VAT. but has many features
including autodial and autoanswer
which includes facilities for logging
callers and taking messages. The only
additional software you need is user-
to-uscr and lo check whether the
prestel editing software works with it.
However as most people do not
become editors on Presiel. this is not
so important at this Stage, Software fol
running a bulletin board is also
available Irom Y2.

The Voyager 7 is no longer being
manufactured yet there are still a lot
around as it has the advantage of being
U5CO on other micros, with the?
appropriate software. I: is similar in
specification to the 64 Multi-modem
but a cartridge is included which
provides the software you need.
Although the cartridge plugs into the
cartridge port, (logically!), the modem
is an RS232 modem which is why it can
be used on other micros.

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
20

COMMUNICATIONS

►

Modems from Tandata

Tan data Marketing Ltd have
produced various modems which use a
serial interface from ihc TM 1 10 which
could be used with the VIC20, 64 and
128 at a cost of £99 compared with ihc
TM512E which costs £339. Tandata's
modems usually allow all ihc
combinations of baud rate with both
lull and half duplex along with other
facilities, like being able to store your
phone numbers and passwords. This
means that in order to log onto a
system you simply press a couple of
keys and the modem automatically
dials the appropriate number and logs
you on - very convenient, as long as
the modem does not fall into the
wrong hands!

Modems from Miracle Tech.

The 64 Multi-modem is a product
from Miracle Technology but it
cannot be used with other micros. On
the other hand the WS2000. WS3000
and WS4000 are very versatile RS232
modems. The WS4000 costs 1 1 59 and
has many features - as they all do. On
the other hand the WS2000 costs only
£99 and is still available. The WS3000
comes in various versions costing from
about E300 upwards! They all come
with the necessary software to drive
both Prestel and Telecom Gold
(terminal/scrolling soli ware). There
are various versions of these modems
including some expensive ones, which
have useful features like detecting the
baud rale of the host machine and
setting itself accordingly.

Connecting to a Service

Before powering up your computer,
make sure that y our modem is in place
and correctly connected to your
computer. Never connect or
disconnect your modem once you have
switched on the computer. Always
switch off first. If you do not. y ou can
blow some of the chips inside the
computer. Once everything is
physically in place, dial the computer
you want to communicate with. II
your modem autodials then just follow
the manual's instructions and type in
the appropriate phone number. If your
modem does not autodial, then you
have to make sure that your phone is
either plugged into your modem or
into the same Jack as your modem

depending on which type of modem
you have. Once you have dialled the
computer and it has answered, you will
hear a high pitch whistle. You then
connect the modem by pressing a
buiion or a switch.

Which Sen ice?

So tar we have said that you have to
decide on what you want your
software lo do before obtaining your
modem. To do lhat you have had to
decide which computers you will wain
to access. We will now take a brief look
at the main systems in Britain, namely
Prestel. Compunet and Telecom Gold.

Prestel

This is British Telecom's viewdata
system, ll is in colour with graphics
and a screenful! of data is displayed at
a lime. A screen of data is 22 columns
high and 40 columns wide. Although
British Telecom own the computers
which store the information, the
information is provided by various
Information Providers (IPs). The IPs
are numerous and vary immensely
from the AA to the Zimbabwe Tourist
Board. There are over 300.000 pages of
information on almost every subject
including Agriculture. Education.
Banking. Microcomputing, Hobbies.
Travel and Teleshopping.

Some of the IPs use Prestel as a
gateway lo their own computers, i.e.
Prestel automatically connects you via
a phone link to another computer. On
Prestel there is the facility to receive
and send mailboxes, receive and send
telexes, to download software and lo
purchase certain items using your
credit cards. You can even now use
Prestel to access Telecom Gold!
Prestel is not just a factual
encyclopaedia: there are also many
games available (including multi-user
games) quizes and competitions.

Prestel is also cheap. 99', of all
people in the UK hav e local call access.
Even it you are abroad you can use
PSS io access it. Computer connect
time is only charged from 8am to 6pm
Mondays to Fridays. Ai all other limes
it is free. Most pages are also prov ided
free bin some are charged for (city
finance pages) but you are always
notified in advance. The only other
charge which you will come across,
besides the Prestel subscription of £6
per quarter is the charge for various
closed user groups (CMOS). Some
CUGs are free, others are very
expensive. The Prestel Microcomp-

uting CUCi is only i! 10 perquarterand
this gives you access to literally
thousands of pages. So for £16.00 per
qua tier, you have access to a magazine
which is updated frequently and which
consists of thousands of pages. Some
interesting areas are also in the Prestel
Microcomputing CUCi even though
they are not exactly Microcomputing,
such as Amateur Radio in the
ClubSpot area.

.Micronet

The Prestel Microcomputing CUG is
owned by a company called Micronet.
Micronet is the biggest IP on Prestel
which explains why they can produce-
so many lovely things. The advantage
lor newcomers who have not yet
purchased a modem, is packages.
These packages, usually K99(allhough
1*129 for the Amiga) include a modem
and software for accessing Prestel plus
a year's subscription lo Micronet and
Prestel (which is worth 164). So for t35
y ou get a modem and software. These
packages exist lor the Commodore 64.
I2S. +4. Amiga and PC (as well as for
oilier micros).

Compunet

As I've said before, only the CBM
modem can be used lo access this
system. A subscription lo Compunet
can cost anything from £9 to £15 a
quarter, depending on the type of
account required. There arc connect
time charges but some of these can be
dispensed with if you have a GOLD
account (£15 per quarter). If you take
out a quarter's Gold subscription plus
post and packing of 13.50. a modem
will be prov ided free of charge!

There is not local call access for
everyone. So why use Compunet?
Compunet does provide facilities that
Prestel does not, e.g. you can buv
items and have them charged to your
Compunet account (which is
something Prestel does not do).
Compunet also has v a riOus I Ps but not
nearly so many as Prestel. but the
information on the system is all geared
lo 64/128 users, but is not only to do
w ith Microcomputing - there is also a
hobbies section. Unlike Prestel where
viewers cannot edit or upload pages
unless they have access io the editing
computer. Compunet users can
upload pages into an area called the
Jungle and without the need to use a

YOUk COMMODORE October 1987
21

COMMUNICATIONS

separate computer.

Compunei also has a useful editor
which can be used both online and
offline. U has many facilities and it is
ihe way you print pages from
Compunei. Compunei also has a
duckshoot menu, so when you want to
go into the editor tor example, you
move the cursor until it gets to editor
and then press return. Prestel on the
oilier hand is mainly operated by
numbers which originates from the
days when most terminals were not
alphanum boric. Presiel has recently
begun to use words called keywords,
so instead of * 81074 you can key
•RSGBH or -ICPUGff. The main
disadvantage with Compunei is that it
is slow, but improvements are being in
the system lo speed it up.

Telecom Cold

This is a scrolling system in black and
white. It is ideal for sending and
receiving long documents or for
searching special databases which arc-

expensive (£1 a minute). Telexes are
fairly cheap on Telecom Gold. There
are however, connect charges at all
limes and these are expensive when
compared with Prestel or Compunei.
For example af ter 7pm in the evening,
Telecom Gold's connect charges are
three pence a minute. Prestel is free
and Compunei is about 60 pence an
hour(a penny a minute). However, no-
one remains on Telecom Gold for
long, it is not meant to be a system
which you browse around, although
various items of useful information
and facilities are provided. Like
Presiel it can be accessed by PSS.

Bulletin Boards vary considerably
and either use scrolling or view data
compatible software. One of the well-
known viewdata compatible BBs is
Databox. RSGB"s bulletin board for
Amateur Radio Hobbyists (Tel 0707
52242). Like most Bulletin Boards few
phone lines are available which means
that you may find it hard to get on to
the system at popular limes or of course
the software can fall over!

Touehlines:

Compunet Teleserviees Ltd, Sheraton
Business Centre. Wadsworth Rout/.

Perivale. Middlesex VB6 7JB. Tel:
01-965-8866.

Y2 Computing Ltd, III St Albans
Road, Watford. Herts WD2 4AE Tel:
0923 5016/.

Prestel page 600/9918. They sell
various communications softw are for
most CBM machines.
Tundutu Marketing Ltd, Albert Road
North, Malvern, Wort s WR14 2TL
Tel: 06845 68421 (Page 799 Prestel).
Miracle Technology (UK) Ltd, St
Peters Street. Ipswich. Suffolk IP/
I Mi. Tel: 0473 216141.
Micronet. Durrani /louse. 8 Herbal
Hill. London EC1R 51J. Tel: 01-278
5141

Prestel. Tel: 01-822 1 122 or
Freephone Prestel Sales
RSCiB, Lambda House. Crunbornc
Roud. Pollers Bar, //ens EN6 6JE.
Tel: 0707 59015.

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YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
22

UTILITY REVIEW

Freeze - A Jolly
Good Fellow?

Freeze Machine is a combination of two of Evesham
Micros utility programmes encapsulated within a single

cartridge. Bringing together Freeze Frame MkV and
Lazer Mkll enables you to back up your programmes in
a form which will reload in seconds rather than minutes.

By Eric Doyle

rceze Frame is designed to
produce backups of any program that
you own, including commercial
programmes. This obviously raises the
question of copyright and piracy (or
theft as I prefer to call it). Evesham
Micros are well within their legal rights
to produce utilities such as this and
would say publicly that they do not
condone program theft. By stampinu
the legend STRICTLY FOR
PERSONAL USE across their
instruction booklet, they absolve
themselves of any uses which the
purchasers of the cartridge may put it
to. The misuser of the cartridge is the
thief.

It's a bit like buying a gun. The
purchaser is bound by the law not to
fire the weapon in such a way as to
cause personal injury to someone.
That doesn't mean that shootings
don't occur and when one does the
legal process swings into action against
the user, not the manufacturer. This
analogy holds out quite well, but I feel
I must point out that there is no such
thing in Law as accidental copying!

To own a backup you should also
have the original program, if you don't
then how can you plead innocence? If
you steal a program then it is not just
the company producing that package
that suffers but the programmer. Your
Commodore in no way condones the
theft of games but we cannot ignore
the fact that fast backup copies are
businesslike.

As a journalist the main
application for my home micro is for
word processing. I favour the
Superscript package but it takes 2
minutes 24 sec to set it up the way I
want it. Not a long time, but it's over
two minutes of not earning cash!
Could a fast load help me out? Yes.
with Freeze Machine it takes about 20
seconds using the Lazer loader and 50
seconds without it. Over a year this
could increase my lake-home pay by
over £100. more than enough to cover
the cost of the cartridge, plus there are
all the other programmes I use ready to
be backed up.

"It's handy to be able to sau'
and load all my development
programmes at high speed and
this is possible with Lazer"

Hie Lazer cartridge has two reset
buttons, one brings in the Freeze
facility and the other toggles between
the fast load and Lazerload menus.

In trials I was not convinced that
Lazer was necessary for two reasons.
Firstly, the fast load facility was not
significantly slower than Lazer but
secondly, and far more importantly,
the Lazer program file is stored as a
locked USR file. This means that either
the cartridge or a 'boot' program is
necessary to load it and it always loads
at turbo speed. The effect of this is that
when your disk drive becomes slightly
misaligned or varies in speed later in its

life, all of your USR files will be useless
until yourdrive is repaired. This can be
a nuisance.

Turbo loaders are far more
sensitive to speed variation than is the
standard loading system. So a system
which offers both alternatives is the
belt and braces system for me. This
means the fastloader in the Lazer
cartridge.

Of course, backing up commercial
programmes is just one use of the
cartridge. For a programmer like
myself it's handy to be able to save and
load all my development programmes
at high speed and this is possible with
Lazer. I can also fast-format disks and
use the DOS system to scratch and
validate files. The only thing I miss is a
built-in monitor which would be
useful. I'm spoilt because I must admit
to being the proud owner of Evesham
Micro's miraculous Dolphin DOS
system which makes Lazer look slow.
Evesham claim a speed increase of
over 20 times with Lazer but my tests
using a standard C64 came nowhere
near to this.

Inside the Lazer cartridge there is a
very powerful utility set for your G64,
It won't work with every piece of
commercial software on the market
but a large proportion of them can be
backed up. At Q8.95 it's a steal!
Touchtine:

Evesham Micros: 63 Bridge Street,
Evesham, Wares WRll 4SF. Tel:
(0386) 765500.

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
23

READERS SUBMISSIONS

Contributions

So you own a Commodore? So you've
written some programs? So why haven't you

sent them to us?

Yo

our Commodore is always on the
look out for new programs, hints and
tips, articles and even regular series. In
fact if you have something that you
think could be of use to other Commo-
dore owners we want to hear about it.

So if you have got something which
you think we may be interested in.
How do you go about submitting it to
us?

Below you will find a list of guide-
lines that will help us to deal with any
item that you send in to us. We don't
expect everybody to be the next
William Shakespeare but if you do
follow these simple rules then it will
make our job a lot easier.

1) If possible alt material sent to the
magazine should be typed or printed
out on a computer printer.

2) All text should be double spaced i.e.
there should be a blank line between
each line of text. You should also leave
a margin of about 10 characters
around the text.

3) On the very first page you should
put the following;

Name of the article

Machine that it is for

Any extras required - disk, printer

etc.

Your name

Your address

Your telephone number

4) The top of every page should have
the following information on it:

Abbreviation of the article title

Your name

The page number

For example, suppose you had
submitted an article on C64 interrupts.
You should put something like the
following at the head of the page:

Interrupts/J.Smith/l

5) Please make sure that you do not
make any additional marks on your
text especially underlining.

6) Try and write in clear concise
English, it does not have to be a work
of literature but it must be comprehen-
sible.

7) On the bottom of each page you
should put the word MORE if there
are more pages to the article or ENDS
if it is the last page.

8) If possible, enclose a listing of all
programs.

9) Under no circumstances use a
staple to hold the pages together. Use a
paperclip instead.

10) Programs should be included on
either disk or tape. Make sure that you
SAVE two copies of every program so
that we have a better chance of loading
[hem if problems occur.

11) Programs under 10 lines can be
included in the text. If your program is
longer than this you must enclose a
disk or cassette.

12) If your article needs any artwork
then supply clear examples of what is
needed. We don't expect vou to be an
artist but we do need to see what is
required.

13) Photographs, if necessary, must
be either black and while prints or
colour slides. We can take shots our-
selves so don't worry about this too
much.

14) Submissions of any length are
welcome. If you have a five line routine
that you think may be of use to
someone else we welcome it just as
much as a full blown six part series.

15) Payment varies quite a lot and de-
pends on quite a number of factors,
such as complexity of program,
presentation of program, number of
magazine pages it takes up etc. Pay-
ment is generally between £10.00 and
£800.00.

16) All payments are made in the
month that the magazine containing
your article has appeared in print.

17) If we do find your submission
suitable for inclusion in the magazine
we will write to you giving the terms of
publication, the rate of payment and
an agreement form. Prompt return of
this form will allow us to use your
program as soon as possible.

18) If you want the program return-
ing to you, should we find it unsuitable
for publication, then you should
enclose a stamped self addressed
envelope.

19) The last and most important point
to make is 'get writing', we are waiting
for your articles.

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
24

>

pilot am

BUVtti K

1

flC€ 2

i — - -"i

>— Tariff*.

5PI

Commodore MDisl £14.95

Commodore W Casv £9.93

Sp«tmm48Gisi. £8,95

Speilrum liflCw £9.95

Commodore HuM (Mki. . .£9.95

IBM PC £19.95

AUriSI £19.95

'IBM and Atari for Chmlrrusi

x 2

mfc ULTIMATE
HEAD TO HEAD
CONFLICT

HARDWARE REVIEW

Using an
Epson-type
printer with
the C64

The Epson-Type printer is probably put to best use
w hen used in conjunction with a word-processing
program such as Commodore's own Easy Script.

L

nterfacinga C64 lo your primer can
sometimes be a real chore. It is
necessary initially to obtain an
interface cable to connect the C64's
user port to the printer's Centronics
interface. This can be bought for about
£20 (including some interfacing
software) or can be made for about £8
if you are handy with a soldering iron
(see separate panel). No expensive
interface cartridges arc necessary]

Connect the printer to the C64 and
load up Easy Script. On the initial
screen you should enter a T in printer
type and a *C when you are prompted
for interlace type. From then on the
printer responds normally and you
may use a number of extra command
characters to exploit the various
modes of the printer. Some details are
found on the Easy Script disk in the
'MX/FX info* file which you can print
out.

Overcoming Problems in Basic

Listing BASIC programmes is a
possible problem since Epson printers
don't have the special Commodore

cursor/colour control symbols.
However, overcoming this is not too
difficult - load and run the BASK'
extension program supplied with
November's Your Commodore, load
the program to be listed, and use the
CODE command to convert the listing
into a readable format without special
codes. Now open a file to disk or tape
and list the program as follows:

Disk: OPEN 2.8.2"0:programname.
TXT.S.W" : CMD2 : LIST
Tape: OPEN 2,l,I."Programnamc.
TXT" : CMD2 : LIST

This writes the program as a text
file. If you now use Easy Script you
should be able to load this file and
print it as normal. This has the added
advantage that your listing will have
pagebreaks that don't print over the
perforations. Also you can re-format
the listing lo indent FOR/NEXT
loops, etc.

Without the Basic Extension

If you don't have the BASIC extension

then don't worry, any special
characters will usually appear in the
listing as blank spaces. If you don't
have a word processor then it is
possible lo use the interface software
supplied with Ihe cable. Or run this
short program by P. Comes which
echoes all screen output to the
Centronics printer (activated/de-
activitated bv SYS 49152:

10 FOR C = 49152 to 49238 :

READ B
20 POKE C.B : NEXT C
30 DATA 162,0,142.1,221.202.142
40 DATA 3.221.173.2.221.9,4
50 DATA 141.2.221,173.0.221,9
60 DATA 4.141.0.221.173,38.3
70 DATA 174.85.192,141.85,192. 142
80 DATA 38.3,173,39.3.174,86
90 DATA 192,141.86.192.142.39.3
100 DATA 96,141.1.221.72,138.72
110 DATA 173.0,221.41.251.141.0
120 DATA 221.162,2,202,208.253.9
130 DATA 4,141,0,221.173.13.221
140 DATA 201.16.208.249.104.

170.104
150 DATA 76.50.192

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
26

i ARD W ARE REVIEW

Making a Centronics Cable

It' you led that you can tackle fairly
line soldering (hen you can make your
own Centronics cable quite easily. You
will require:

I X Amphenol 36 way male
Centronics plug lor the printer end.

I X Commodore 64 user port edge

connector lor the C64 end.

3m X [2 core shielded round cable.

(These should all be available from

hobbyist electronic shops.)

The two plugs must be wired as

follows:

Printer end

II

run y

crcra

' 0_0_£

It

Computer end

1 I 3 I S ( T I 1 II U 1J

PRIM KR

I

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

16

(64

M

C

D

E

F

II

J

K

I

B

A

Please note: Making the lead longer
than 3m is likel> to cause problems
(technically known as "Skew errors').

Easy Script and Epson-type
Printers

If you have successfully connected

your C64 lo an lipson-type printer
you may find it helpful to know how to
get all of the printer's special functions
to operate from Easy Script. Some of
the special characters required to
operate an Epson printer are integral
to Easy Script since Precision Software
had Epsons in mind, when they
designed the program.

These features are accessible by
pressing<fl>and then one other key.
Other functions must be sent lo the
primer as a row of characters, usually
commencing with the ESCAPE
character which is produced by
prcssing< f |> and then the up-arrow
which then appears as a reverse *E\
Escape and l 4\ for instance, selects
italic printing.

Some functions require the use of
other character codes which are not
available from the keyboard such as

the ASCII character whose code is 0.
In order to use these it is necessary to
predefine a special character for each
code and assign that character the
required decimal value.

Easy Script provides up to ten such
special characters which can be used
by pre*sing<n>ibllowed by one of the
numbers 0 to 9. To define, say a
character of ASCII value 65 to key 6
and a value of 67 to key 8 type a line in
Easy Script as follows:
<f3>6=65:8=67<return>

Now pressing<fl> followed by a *6'
should produce a reverse *6\ When
printed this character will act as if it
were ASCII 65 i.e. a capital A\ It is
useful to define 0=0:1=1 since main
functions use these ASCII values.
Some other printer commands arc
produced by <l"3> plus a short
command.

Controls for Kpson-Type Printer with Easy Script

Enhanc ed
Emphasised

Under 1 ined

Double

Condensed

S UB - r " crlpt on constant

3up.r. C rlp. Off

S uD . crlDe

Subaat- * R « on constant

Sub.cript Off

ELITE

PICA

Italic

Italic off

Proportional on

Proportional off
NLQ on

<fl>/C d nd <fi>/3
<fl>/< and <fi>/)
<fl>/j and <fl>/i
<fl>/& and <fi>/y.
<fl>/< and <fl>/>
<fl>/ p each character
esc r S' 0 until
esc 'T'

<fl>/, each character

esc r S» 1 until

esc 'T'

<f3>/ptlO

<f3>/ptl2

esc '4'
esc '5'
esc r p' 1
esc ' p ' 0
esc 'x* 1

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
28

NLQ off

esc

' y. ' 0

Disable paper-end error

esc

'8'

Enable paper-end error

esc

'9 f

Initialize printer

esc

8 LPI line spacing

<f3>/lp8

6 LPI line spacing

<f3>/lp6

7/72" 1 ine spacing

esc

' 1 '

Line spacing n/72"

esc

' A r n

Line spacing n/216"

esc

'3' n

Standard density graphics

esc

n z

Double density graphics

esc

' L r n»

n a

D/d'sity D/speed graphics

esc

r y n.

n a

Quad density graphics

esc

'Z' n x

n 2

Backspace

<f !>/<bac karrow)

Most of these commands arc self-
explanatory, but a few need
explanation. Backspace can be used to
produce special characters In
combining two others e.g. using = and
/ to produce t . First type *=' then
<H> backarrow then V\ This will
produce the new symbol.

Producing single graphic

characters is done in a similar way to
user-defined graphics on the G64. The
characters a re designed on a grid 8 dots
high by up to 65535 dots wide.
Suppose we want to define a lowercase
Greek DELTA:

Note that it requires 7 ASCII
numbers to define this character. 7 in
Low byte/High byte format is 7 and 0
(i.e. (1X7) + (0X256) = 7).

Now we define the ASCII
characters for each column, plus two
for the numbers of columns to be used:

<f3>0-0:l = 1:2=7:3=12:4=82:5=178:6
= 146:7=140:8=64

To produce the delta in single density
graphics we now type:

<esc>K<f I >2<f I >0<f 1 >3<f I >4<f I >5<f l>
(xfl>7<f|>8<fl>()
To produce the delta in double
density graphics we must have double
the number of columns so we dcline:

<f3>2=!4
and type:

<esc>L<fl >2<fl >0<f I >3<f I >3<f I >4<fl >

4<l'l>5<fl>5<n>6<fl>6<fl>7<f|>7

<fl>8<fl>8<fl>0<fl>0

The same principle holds for quad
density graphics.

One final trick - micro-lettering !
This is achieved by using subscripts
(which are half-height) with
condensed mode characters and also
reducing the line feed to about half the
normal distance.

Select Condensed mode by using
<fl>V.

Select Subscript by using
esc'S^flVO'.

Choose a line spacing of about 14/72"
and therefore define <fl>9 as 14 by:
<f3>9=14 return

Select 14/72" linespacing by usinu
esc'A'<fl '9'.

First we design:

■ riiiii|! \<mr klKIV

0

0

*

*

*

0

0

X

128

0

*

0

0

0

9

0

X

64

0

0

*

0

0

0

0

X

32

0

*

*

*

0

0

0

X

16

*

0

0

0

*

0

0

X

8

*

0

0

0

*

0

0

X

4

0

*

«

*

0

0

0

X

2

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

X

1

12

82

178

146

140

64

0

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
29

C64 UTILITY

Shadow
Boxing

Use the shadowy area of your computer's memory to
improve your Basic storage space.
By Rick Astley

y4 rather back-handed compliment
thai may be paid lo ihe C64 is thai it
has encouraged many a programmer
to learn machine code, the reason
being that its space-saving Basic is
rather slow for some types of program.

However, there are programmers
who do not necessarily agree that a
move to machine code is a progressive
step. To meet these programmers'
needs, many machine code routines
have been written which augment the
C64's Basic. The following describes
three more.

The programs have been written in
recognition that the 64's 40 K of Basic
bytes can be severely drained by the
need to store data. This data may
represent numerical or text
information, sprites or perhaps screen
data and associated colour memory.
The 4K of mentor) from 49152 to
453247, whilst easy to address, is
nevertheless rather limited. The
programs we are to meet here, known
by mnemonics MEX. MAVE and
SYSSY. make iheXK RAM. hidden in
the shadow of the Basic interpreter,
much more accessable in Basic.

The shadow memory refered to,
between 40960 and 49151 and known
as I.ORAM, is actually perfectly
simple lo POKE lo in the normal way.
The C64 knows that ii is futile lo try to
write to ROM. and so responds lo any
attempt to do so by switching the
ROM out and the RAM in lo receive

ihe POKE. The Catch 22 with
LOR AM is thai in order to PEEK it,
you need to switch the ROM out;
however, this ROM is the Basic
interpreier and with it switched out.
the PEEK instruction cannot be
understood.

The answer is to utilise a short
machine code program which can
access the Shadow RAM. The
program here is called MEX. shorl for
Memory Exchange. MEX will
exchange any nominated segment of

memory for any other of identical size.

If a chosen area includes that from
40960 to 49151. then LORAM will be
exchanged. This allows the Basic
programmer to LOAD or POKE dala
to LORAM (sprite data perhaps or a
screen), and when required, call
MEX and swap it for similar data
which is not required for the moment,
and which is in memorv -accessable to
Basic. No data is lost; calling MEX
again will re-exchange each byte back
lo its original place, or to some other
position if you change the parameters.

Before using MEX it is necessary to
decide on three pieces of information:
the number of 256-byte blocks lo be
exchanged and the two addresses from
which they are lo start.

As an example, suppose vou
wished to swap the 8k bytes from
32768 lo 40959 for that in LORAM
from 40960 lo 49151 inclusive. Firsl.
remember that the area 32768 lo40950

should have been protected from being
over-written by Basic if you want lo
use it for data storage. Do ihis by
POKHing location 52. the bottom of
string storage, and 56. the highest
address used by Basic, with 128
(because 32768/256=128) before
RUNing any programs. The si/e of ihe
memories lo be exchanged is 8k . which
equates to 8*1024 or 8192, so the
number of 256 byte blocks involved is
8182/256. which is 32.

Your program line may look
something like this:

5 POKE 52.128: POKE 56.128:
SYS50000.32768.40960.32

MEX is wholly portable and,
although it has been put at 50000, and
is called by SYS 50000. it ma> move
lo wherever you wish by changing line

10 of the basic loader, and modifying
the SYS command accordingly.

Saving from Memory

MAVE is ihe Memory. SAVE
program. Unlike MEX. which is RUN
from within your program. MAVE
uses a small amount of your memory
bul is not needed within ihe program.
However like the other two programs

11 may be moved lo any convenient
area in ihe manner explained later. If
using a disk drive, the cassette buffer is
available to you and in this case

YOUR COMMODORK October 1987

30

C64 UTILITY

MAVE is oulside your main
program/data area.

MAVE is called by the immediate
command:

SYS 50075.SA.EA."PN".DN
where: SA is the start address (usually
0801): EA is your end address + I; PN
is your program name: DN is the
saving device number ( 1 for cassette or
normally 8 for disk).

PROGRAM: SHADOU

S4 10 X-S0000:Y-0
OB 50 READ A: IF A - -1 THEN 40
6? 30 Y=Y*A : P0KEX,A : X=X+1:G0T0
30

93 40 IF Y-55639 THEN PRINT "OK
" : END

33 50 PRINT "CHECK Sun «";Y; "BU

T SHOULD BE E5G39"
31 60 PRINT "DIFFERENCE - ";Y-E5

639

D5 100 DATA32.2S3, 174,3a, 139, 17
3,38

35 110 DATA547 , 163 , 16S , 20 , 133 , S
51 , 1E5

0E 130 DATA21 , 1 33 , S5S , 35 . 553, 17
4 35

7E 130 DATA1 3B , 173 , 35 , 547 , 183 , 1
65,50

F4 140 DATA133,553.165.-51,133,5
54,35

EG 150 DATA341 , 1B3, 134.55S, IBS,
1 ,41

SB 1B0 DATA554, 133, 1, 177,251, 17
0,177

70 170 DATA553 , 145 , 551 , 138 . 145 ,
553,500

OF 180 DATA50B, 543, 196,555,540,
G.230

39 190 DATA555, 530, SS4 , 508 , 533,
165, 1

C5 5C0 0ATA9 ,1,133,1, 96 , 165 , 4
9D 510 DATA18I ,45, 149,550,502,2
08,243
220
3,32

B5 230 DATA547, 1B3, 165,50, 133,4
3, 165

B3 240 DATAS1, 133,44,35,253, 174
,32

3G 250 DATA138, 173.32,547, 1B3.1
55,20

05 360 DATA133,4S, 165,21, 133,46
.32

08 570 DATA553, 174, 35, 212,225,1
65,1

39 280 DATA41 ,254, 133, 1 , 156,45,
164

3B 290 DATA46, 169,43, 32,216,255
.165

AE 300 DATA1 ,9, 1 , 133, 1, 162,4
98 310 DATA 181 , 250 , 149 , 42 , 502 , 2
08,249

B7 320 DATA96, 165,6, 181,44, 157,
51

B0 330 DATA3, 205. 508, S4B, 134, 10
,35

9A 340 DftTA212. 225.155. 10,166,4
3, 164

F0 350 DATA44, 35. 213, 255. 162,6,
189

SO 360 DAT AS 1 , 3 , 149 , 44 , 205 , 508 ,
248

BB 370 DATA9B.0.-1

Where MAVE differs from other
SAVE utilities is that, should you have
data stored in LORAM. then it will
save this, rather than the Basic
interpreter ROM.

Overcoming LOAD Problems

Unfortunately, there is a disadvantage
to using a cassette when LOADing to
LORAM. The C64 loading system will
LOAD your data into LORAM. but
this data is recorded twice on your
tape, and at the second pass the system
compares the tape data with that
supposedly LOADed on the first pass.
This is normally a good check for
LOAD errors, but when loading to
LORAM the check is made, not
against the contents of that area, but
against the ROM above it. The result is
an error message w hich you can ignore
in immediate mode, but which stops a
program if the LOAD is made from
within it.

LOADing data into high memory
Irom disk can also be a source of
annoyance, but this time, the difficulty
occurs in immediate mode rather than
from within programmes. The
problem reveals itself as an out of
memory error, the system assuming
that because the last data was high in
memory, everything below it is full.

SYSSY overcomes both these
quirks. SYSSY starts 155 bytes after
MEX and so. if you keep the basic
loader start at 50000 and then make
the variable SY equal to 50155. you
call it as follows:

SYSSY.-NAME". 1,1
for tape or
SYSSY "NAME". S.I
for disk.

MEX. MAVE and SYSSY have
been kept quite simple, using many
routines already resident in the 64. so
that they will not take hours to type in
via the single Basic loader SHADOW.
Nevertheless, it is worth testing them,
and practicing their use with the
short Basic programmes listed here
called SCREEN TEST I and SCREEN
TEST 2.

Testing

Eirst LOAD and RUN SHADOW
and. if the computer responds with
"OK", delete the Basic loader with
NEW. Next type in SCREEN TEST
which operates as follows:-

Line 5 sets the character colours.
This line is required only on older
C64s. If POKE 1024.160 on a freshly
switched-on computer does not
produce a square in the top left hand
corner, you will need this line.

Line 10 sets the variable MEX to the
start address of the program:
Line 20 draws a series of vertical lines
onto the screen;

Lines 30 through 60 draw a similar set
of horizontal lines in LORAM;
Line 70: the SYS command directs the
program to the routine MEX. the
memories to be exchanged to start at
1024. (the screen) and 40960. (the
start of LORAM). and the amount of
memory involved to be 4 blocks of 256
bytes which equates to 1024. exactly
one screen's worth of data:
Line 80 ensures that the exchange
occurs whilst the Hying spot, which
traces your T.V. picture, is off the
screen;

Line 90 loops back to re-exchange the
data.

SAVE and RUN SCREEN TEST.
Note how slowly the vertical lines are
drawn in Basic and wait a little longer
for the horizontal lines to be drawn in
LORAM. As soon as MEX is called,
however, the speed of the machine
code program is immediately
evident, as it alternately exchanges the
vertical and horizontal lines from
screen to LORAM. In fact, the speed
of interchange produces a chequered
pattern which is even more apparent if
line 80 is deleted.

Now press RUN/S TOP and SAVE
the pattern in LORAM with:
SYS50075.4O96O.419K4.-PATIERN" I
If using disk, then the last digit should
be set to 8. As with standard SAVE
routines you may add a final .1 as a
secondary address to ensure that the
pattern LOADs back to the memory
from which it was SAVEd. This can
also be achieved by adding. 1 when
LOADing.

Now modify SCREEN TEST I to
make program called SCREEN TEST
2. In the new program:
Line 1 is simply an aid to memory;
Line 10 ensures the program RUNs
from line 20 after L O A D i n i>
"PATTERN";

Line 15 has to be added. SYSSY calls
the LOAD routine, and is actually SYS
SY where SY = 50155:
Lines 20 to 50 are modified so as to
draw a diagonal pattern, which

YOUR COMMODORK October 1987
31

C64 UTILITyH^]

contrasts with the liori/onuil or
vertical lines, whichever wore
LOADed with "PATTLRN",
Line 6(1 is no longer used, and should
be deleted:

Lines 70 to 90 remain unchanged.
When it is RUN. SCR KEN TLST2

PROGRAM: SCREEN TEST1

70 1 REM SCREEN TEST

EF 5 POKE 53B81 , 14; PRINT CHRSC1

47) : POKE 53581,6
33 10 rlEX a 50000

EB 80 FOR X-10S4 TO 3083 STEP 8
:P0KE X,35:POKE X*l , 160: NEXT

B5 30 FORX-40960 TO 41980 STEP
60

C5 40 FORY-0 TO 39: POKE X-Y.38:
NEXT

Dl 50 FORY-40 TO 79:PDKE X+Y.16

BlNEXT
BE 60 NEXT

C4 70 SYS HEX, 1084.40960,4

F9 60 UflIT S3365, 186: IDA IT 53865

, 188, 189
F4 90 GOTO 70

should first LOAD the SAVEd
"PATTERN" without the error
message which would normally occur
from a tape LOAD into LOR AM.

Next the diagonal pattern will be
drawn, after which MEX starts
swapping the pattern LOADed into
LOR AM with the diagonals drawn h\
lines 20 to 50.

In the above exercise. MEX.
MAVE. and SYSSY have all been
used. Each, however, may be loaded
elsewhere in memory, either
independently, or as a single program.
To do this, change line 10 or the Basic
loader. Once loaded. MAVE can be
used to SAVE each one as a machine
code program, as was done with
"PATTERN",

Note the position of each
program when loaded using
SHADOW:

MEX runs from 50000 to 50074;
MAVE from 50075 to 50154;
SYSSY from 50155 to 50190.

The ability to use LOR AM gives

the Basic programmer continuous
RAM from 204X to 53247. save for the
190 bytes used to store the utilities
described here. LJsed effectively, more
elaborate Basic programmes can be
produced, hopefully compensating for
that oh-so-evident lack of speed.

PROGRAM: SCREEN TESTS

70 1 REH SCREEN TEST

EF 5 POKE 535B1,14:PRINT CHRSC1

47) : POKE 535B1.6
DF 10 f1EX-50000:5Y-MEX+155:F-F-

1:1F F - 5 THEN 50
D4 15 SYSSY "PATTERN" , B, 1
15 50 FOR X-1054 TD 1943 STEP B

0

EB 30 FDR Y-0 TO 39 STEP 5: POKE

X*Y,95:P0KE X+Y*1,S53:NEXT
CB 40 FOR Y-40 TO 79 STEP 5:P0K
E X*Y , 553 : POKE X+Y+l , 9S : NEXT

DO 50 \: - I

C4 70 SYS MEX ,1054 ,40960, 4

F9 B0 WAIT 535GS,158;UIAIT 53565

, 150, 158
F4 90 GOTO 70

LIFESAVERS6

C64.C128, C16, PLUS/4

MESSAGE SCROLLER

1/1

How often have you wanted to
put a scrolling message
across your screen?

Presented here is a short
Basic routine that will
enable you to place a
scrolling message anywhere on
your screen with ease.

The routine requires that
the message to be scrolled is
held in the variable AS. The
delay between printing each
character should be assigned
to DEL . The width of the
message is held in variable
UID and the positioning of the
string is held in DS .

The positioning of the
string is done by placing a
HOME and a number of cursor
downs and lefts in the
string .

Note AS and DS should not
exceed 255 characters in
length or a string too long
error will occur.

Alexander Chambers
Br isl ington

1000 REM »»»**»*«*»»***»»«»•*

1010 REM * MESSAGE SCROLLER *
10E0 REM *»**«»»****»*****»«*

1030 A$="CUJHITE3THIS IS AN EXAMP
LE OF THE MESSAGE SCROLLER FOR '
YOUR COMMODORE ' "
1040 DEL=40:WD=20

1050 ds="ch0me, d0ujn1b, right 103 "

1050 print"cclr:"

1070 l$="cright43 " : as-ls+ls+ls+l

S+AS+" »

10B0 F0RI-1 TD LENCAS)

1030 PRINT DSjMIDSCAS, I,UD);CHRS

C145)

1100 F0RJ-1 TO DEL: NEXT J, I
1110 G0T01070

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987

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► Freeze the action then view the program with ine monitor
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i Fully compatible with 1541, 1S41C. 1570, 1571. and chancer
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J Fully buffered JRcsetbuton

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DATA
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J Quahry Commodore compatible data recorder

_J Pause control _} Suitable for 64/138.

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Now yon can have an 8K or 32K
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_) . switched on or oft board via software

□ I/O 2 riot open tor special programming
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□ Some knowledge of H/C is helpful - but full
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SMART CART
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A aerlee of utility programs for use with Bmartcart
Simply bad In the program and you have a
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Vfe intend to release a range of
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DISKMATEm

LJ all the features of Dtskmate 11 ( see ad )

Loaded in seconds - with full
instructions. ONLY £9.99

clonics

PRINTER N

Now yon can turn your HPS 801
into 4 printers in one!!

J Alternative character set ROM - fitted in
seconds.

_| All four sets have true descenders.

J 1Q0* compatible with all software

J Descender. _| Ectpsa.

J Scribe. _| future.

□ Choose any set at the (lick of a switch.

**Bbr anyone who uses their printer
often this chip is a must, it's quick
and easy to use and the end
results are impressive" - Your
Commodore. Jan 87.

onit£ 19.99

c^—^ TURBO
ROME

Turbo Rom II is a replacement for
the actual kernal inside your 64.
It provides snperfast load/save
routines.

□ Loads most programs at 6-6 tunes normal
spaed

LI Saws at 58 limes normal

□ Improved DOS support including 10 boo format

_| Programmed function keys- load, directory.

i Id, etc

_J Return to normal kernal at flick of a switch
JPCOPY - 250 Mot* Ola copier.

□ FLOAD - special I/O loader
J Plus Icte more.

J Pitsd in minutes - no soldering usually
required ( On some 64 fl the old ROU may have

^^^ OMjy £14.99

BLAZING PADDLES

A complete lightpen/ graphics illustrator package.

J A fully icon/ menu driven graphics package of a calihre which should cost much more
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• Zoom mode •Prlnterdump • Load/save •Advanosd colour muting - over ECO hues' I

• Cut and paste allows shapes /wjidows/pwtures to be saved to . from tape/disk.

J Blazing Paddles will also work with many other input devioes including; Joyetcks. Mice Graphics
Tahlefc, Trackball etc

LI Pictures can be saved from Action Replay and edited with Biasing Paddles.

Complete Blazing Riddles S? Lightpen ONLT £24.99
Blazing feddles available separately for £ 1 2.99

TOOLKIT fv

The ultimate disk toolkit for the 1840/1541

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J lint ln/mic in/line out/feedback controls.
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J Com Drum software is available separately at
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akea

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LI 4 Input channels - each fully buffered TTL
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COIM-DRUM

Digital Drum System

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LI fl digital drum sounds In memory at one time
_) Complete with 3 drum kite
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AlEL

cnomo

56K SUPEROM EXPANDER

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in replay it

wnhecho/

hile to produce

HDD.

irje display

k controls

I Now you can select from any of 8 32K BPROMe instantly

octets t> accept upto a 32K EPHOM In each
| On hoard opyratng system - no programs

Program your own BPRflMs using cur EPROM
programmer

J No need to have toads af cartridges Just
mate a selection tram the Superom menu.

J Directory of utilities an power up

J Puijy menu driven on power up

D Select any slot under software controls.

J Unique KPROM generator leaoire will lake
Jour mm programs - basic or m. c and turn
into autostart EHROMh ( EPROM burner
■MM)

U Accepts 3764727128/27256 KPROMe
J On beard unstoppable res?.

only £29.99

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wpanUelyat

i a Cam-Drum

L

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i real and
j driven,
■r

ate tape
r disk)

JM

r

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i Coo Drum
; can record

CARTRIDGE

Unstoppable reset button

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grams

Addpokru from magaanea etc
Fits at eartridgB port.
Snpiy plug in.

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L99

ire/

16k EPROM
BOARD

|Acaps2xS5EPKiMg

I *ncaablB to configure as 2 1 8K or 18K
off.

I On board unstoppable iw.
I P" jU u-iii-jcUii.-iF.

only C8.99

QUICKSHOT
TURBO™

Ll Tbp quality last action .

J Top # trigger fire buttons

J Rantd (Ire . auto action.

_J Suction feet for one handed action

J Rjtju hardwsaring.

ONLY £1 2.99 fcr6 4/ue

oniy £13.99 f»ci6

QUICKSHOT II

J •'■ . top selling J^yriicX
JTbpff MNP Are buttons
J Rapid fin control

J Suction feet

ONLY £7.99 brCM/186
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DISK
NOTCHER

J Quickly and easily double your disk
J Use both side* of your disks.
_J Simple to use

_J Thkeo seconds

only £4.99

4 WAY KERN A L
BOARD

_| This beard Ote In place of the kerna! in jour
64 and accepts a I6K or 5dK replacement fcernai
giving 2 or 4 different operating systems

J Just Qiclt the switch supplied to jeioct
between systems

J Ths a a earner only - ready to accept your
own chip.

J Now you can haw all your different systems
available at otto time

_| Hi instructions _J Pitted in minute.

only £8.99

5 WAY KERNAL
EXPANDER

_] A multl carrier board acoepte up to 3 chips.

J Fite in place of original kemal of 64.

Q Three MM " one for the oriflnal kernal
plus two othera each accepting a 16K chip -
••hat's 5 operating rsu i available at the fhek
of a switch!

J Fitted in minutes

■_| Full instructions

only £12.99

DEEP SCAN BURST NIBBLER™

J The most powerful disk nibbier available anywhere, at any pneei

J Burst Nibbier IE actually & Ml P»rt system - a software package and a parallel cable to connect the
1541/1570/1371 to 64/128 (state type).

J What gives Burst NibbJer its power? Convenuonai nibblere have to decode the data (mm the disk
before I can transfer it using the serial bus - when con standard data is encountered they are beat.
Burst Nibbier transfers data as raw GCR oode via the parallel oatHe without the need to decode it bo you
get a perfect copy of the original

• WD Moots upto 41 tracks • Copy a whole disk in under 2 minute, • Pull instructions.

• Hepitar updates we always ship the latest • Rood in minutes - no soaring usually required

• Full cr i , tracks • No need to buy parallel cable if you have Disk Demon/DoJphln etc

• Cable has thrcughbus extension for other add ana.

J Whether to choose raetHack'em or Bum Nibbier? fast Hack'Em ia unbeatable value as an
'all-rounder" - with nibblers 1 or 2 drive copy, format file copy. 1571 copy etc etc. so if you haw a
more general requirement perhaps fhKHaek'Em is for you Buret Nibbier lea pure nibbier second to
none, for tie reasons stated So If Its just making backups you are interested In, there la do other
product to beat it

ONLY £24.99 COMPLETE

SOFTWARE ONLY £12.99 CABLE ONLY £1 4.99

EPROIMMER 64™

□ A top quality, easy to-uae EPROM programmer for the 64/128

J Putty menu driven software/hardware package makes programming reading. vertton/. MM
FPROMs simplicity !*etf

J Mil program 2716. 2732, 2764. 27128 and 272S6 Chips. 12.B. 21 or 26 vote.

_| RM into user port far maximum compatibility wiLfi cartridges. Superom Board etc.

J Full feaUire system - all functions covered including device check, verify

□ * beileve Eprommer 64 a the most wmprehens.-ve. moot friendly and best value for money
programmer available for the 64/128.

J ideal companion for Superom Board, Cartridge Development System, our kernal expanders or indeed
ug EFSOU ten pmtat

J Comes complete with instructions - plus the cartridge handbook.

ONLY £39.99 COMPLETE

LEcnomo

PROFESSIONAL DOS 0 mikrotronic

£64.99 POST FREE with Disc Demon operating system
"The world's astest parallel operating system"

□ Louis a typttal 302 block program Die In □ 2Bx fester load ( SEQ rues),

under 3 seconds! j 20i foster save ( PRC Oka).

Jto&fflarlnadlPRGfilee) Q20i tatter saw (8EQ files).

PLUS AN ADVANCED COMMAND STRUCTURE WCLUPING

J fast format - uptP*}tJwta(74BUoclB).

□ 16 funcaoa keys; hst run. load directory,
format save, old. verify, etc.

J Fltad will lasUoad (U* up to 250 btocku
I other similar flystems will oruy cope with
2t)2 blocks).

_| Number conversion LJ Hesev

□ Unique bulK in fUe oopier will copy fDes up to
250 blocks lite lightning - multiple copy options

- parted br copying Action Replay files.

□ Highly compatible with commercial software

- can be switched out for non compatible
programs

□ Parted for use with Action Replay 3 - a
typical ARS backup wOi reload in about 3 seoonds

- yes 3i

FAST HACK EM ©

The Ultimate Disk Copier/ Nibbler for C84/128

Speeds up ether DOS funcaocs including
wriTy. scratch etc

_J Comas complete with superfas file and whole
disk copter free!

□ Snrwn on or off during loading.

J Enhanced command set - over 30 new
commands.

JbasUy fined - Dak Demon plugs inside the
1541 and the new operating system chip plugs
inside the 064/128. Rffing takes only minutes
and usually requires no soldering.

□ User pen throughbus supplied free - you
oould pay £15 00 for this alone

_| Supplied complete - no more U buy

□ WirkB od CL28/1641 In 64 or 128 mode.
C128 nnion

£69.99

• BC TRACKER: fat tracks are amongs". the
latest forms of protection. This mode allows you to
produce a fat track an the disk.

□ SINGLE 1571 DRIVE (64 OR 126 MODE)

• aSTCOPY Enure 1671 disk in under
1 minute.

• SINGLE OR BOTH SIDES; WU copy 064 or true
128 software

• 064 or 12 modes.

j muutmodule system - allon one disk

J SINGLE 1841 MODULE

• AUTO NIBBLER: Copy an enure promoted disk
ID 3 minutes Automatically senses type of
jiroecuon and u-wus n as normal data to produoe

wurbngcopy

• M3RLER: Copy an entire disk in 2 minutes
As above but parameters can be set manually

• BAST CO FY: Copy a disk in under 2 minutes

• FILE COPY: Copy and flle in 9 seconds

□ L841 ARAMETERS MODULE

This if. the module that gives fast Hack'em to power The parameters module contains dozens of
iaramoler Keys" thai are used to unlock these heavily protected programs. Each parameter is designed
for a particular software brand or even a particular program Other copy programs may make strong
claims, but without apedaJ paranwterB they Just can't oope Date) will be offering updates to hit Hack'em
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be £6 plus old disk.

□ 1641 ftRAMETEBS MODULE

• AUTO NIBBLER. Copy an entire unprotected disk in under 1 minute, features auto track/sector
analyser.

• BUTT COPY Copy eoBre disk in 36 seconds with verify

• AUTOMATIC sWTCOPY As above but with completely automatic operation In fact once set up doesn't
evsn need the computer. A must for duplicating disks 00 a large scale. ONUT €19.99

DISKMATE H

The Disk Utility Cartridge

J DWk fasUoad cartridge

□ Up to 5 ones fester.

J feet save LJfest format (10 sees).

J Improved DOS - single stroke commands -
load/sasi/dir/oJd etc

□ Redefined fimcOon keys for fast operation of

□ Powerful toollQt commands including
old/'delste/ merge/copy /append' autonum
1 etc.

_J Plus a full machine code monitor - too many
1 to 1st but it has them all!

_] Special switching teebnwiues
invisible to the system. Therefore I Is a more
compatible faiBIfflrtwr than other types

□ DMkmalen is £14.98.

Special Offer!!

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MOUSE

Q C8M 64/128 mouse

□ Wide compatibility with software including:
Blaring (addles

□ Marks by mimicking Joystick so will work In
any Joystick application including graphs
packages only designed for Joystick.

_| functions on either Joystick port.
_) Optical system operation.

omit £24.99

CHIPS

□ 27128 £3.00 EACH
J 27266 £4.50 EACH

MIDI 64

A Full Midi Interface for the
64/126 at a realistic price

□ MIDlin □ MIDI thru. □2xMIDIout.

J Compatible with most fading software
packages including: SelL JMS. Advanced Mustc
, Joreth. Steinburg etc.

only £29.99

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SYSTEM

J All the necessary parts to produce an 8R716K
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UTILITY REVIEWS

Code
Comfort

York Electronic Research is a small company
specialising in hardware and software utilities which are
worthy of more attention. The latest re/eases include a
6502 assembler and a Z80 compiler for the C64.

By Eric Doyle

6502 Assembler from York
Electronic Research (YER) is a no
frills two-pass assembler which cases
the problems of coding considerably
by allowing labels to be used. This
means that subroutines can be called
by giving them a name of your
choosing and variables used within the
routine can also be named. It's easier
to explain this by example.

Let's use a short routine for
clearing four lines of the C64 screen in
conventional mnemonic form:

C000 LDY#$28

C002 LDA ft $20

C004 STAS03FF.Y

C007 STAS0427.Y

C00A STAS44F.Y

C00D STA$0477,Y

C010 DEY
COM BNESC004

CO 13 RTS

In YER assembly code this
becomes:

0001 ORG 49152; decimal for$C000

0002 SPACE=32

0003 SCREEN =1024

0004 WIDTH=40

0005 :ROUTINE STARTS HERE

0006 LDY # WIDTH

0007 LDA # SPACE

0008 CLEAR: STA SCREEN-I.Y

0009 STA SCREEN+39.Y

0010 STA SCREEN=79.Y

0011 STA SCREEN+1 19.Y

0012 DEY

0013 BNE CLEAR

0014 RTS

As you can see the purpose of the
routine is much clearer and the facility
to include REM style statements
following a semi-colon adds to the
clarity. The main advantage is that
jump and branch calls rely on a label,
not a finite memory location. This
means that adding a line within the
program automatically adjusts the
calls accordingly on assembly of the
final code. Relocation is also easier. By
simply changing the ORG address, the
assembler will then use this as the base
address for all jumps and branches.

Although I've said that YER's
assembler is lacking in frills this has
the advantage of leaving 39K of
memory free for program workspace.
Add to this the fact that
programme:* can be chained onto
one another and you soon see the
power that this utility conceals.

There are only fourteen editor
commands:

A - assemble current source text
B(- return to Basic
C - verify a saved file
D - delete lines
E - edit a line

G - get a file from tape/disk
H - hunt text for a string
I - insert new lines in text
L - list a line, set L
N - clear memory (new)
O - recover text (old)
P - save text to tape/disk
S - define output device
V - list text to screen

Some kind of DOS to call up disk
directories and scratch unwanted files
would have been a sensible addition,
but this would be at the cost of
assembler program space. At least you
can always switch back and forth from
program control to Basic without
disturbing your assembler code.

Within the actual assembler listing
the normal mnemonic codes work as
expected but there are ten directives to
assist program writing:

LOF
LON
CHN
BHCi

YOUR COMMODORE October L98"7
38

UTILITY REVIEWS

; BLACK ON UNITE

280), A

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1200 CD A,<53272> ;HIRES SCREEN«8192

1226 LD <53272>,A
1230 ;

1240 LD ft , < 53265) ; HIRES ON

DBY

DWO

SPC

POK

ORG

AUT

At assembler code generation time
I-OF and I. ON simply suppress or
enable the listing of the assembled
code to go to the monitor screen. As
printing to the screen takes time, a
* significant increase in assembly time
can be gained by suppressing the
screen display of the code when the
assembly option (A) is employed.

CHN and BEG always appear at
the end of programmes when several

026
020

listings are chained together. CHN
tells (he assembler to load the next part
of the chain during assembly, and
BEG is used at the end of the final part
of the chain so that the second pass can
be initiated from the first part program
of the assembled chain.

The reason the chain has to be
loaded twice is that the first pass sorts
out the labels and their related actual
address in the assembled code. The
second pass is to insert these finite
addresses into the code as it assembles.

DBY and DWO are used when
look up tables are inserted into a
lisiing.DBY stands for Define BYtes
and anything following this command
will be stored as a memorv byte or

string of bytes. For example:
DBY 147. "READY"

This would store the clear screen
( 147) value as the first byte followed by
each value for the word READY in the
following live memory locations.

DWO is followed byaseriesoflable
names used in the program. At
assembly time the program stores the
high and low bytes of (he memorv
locations of (he label as a look-up
(able.

SPC is followed by a number which
allows a gap of up to 256 bytes to be
placed within a program to leave space
for variables and arrays.

At assembly time you have two
options. The code can either be poked
directly to its final address or stored as
a basic booted relocator program.

The straightforward memory
assembly is directed to the start
address by the POK command. In our
screen clearing routine POK 49152
would cause the assembler to try to
poke the code directly into memory. In
this case a clash with the storage area
of the actual assembler program
would cause an OUT OF MEMORY
message to be generated forcing the
use of the second assembly method.

ORG assembles the program in the
low basic programming area preceded
by a routine which will move the block
ol code to its ac(ual execution address
when RUN is entered. The AUT
command can also be used for force
the boot program to jump to (he new
code without having to enter a SYS
command.

On the whole the assembler works
well but correction of a bad line is a
long-winded affair. If an error has
been entered in line 0006 of the
program, the correction routine would
look like this:

L6 list correction line
0006 LDM # WIDTH
DI delete that one line
I insert a line
0006 LDY # WIDTH

The instructions are good but the
area of saving assembled code is not
covered in sufficient detail. There is no
way wiihin the program to save the
assembled code so a return to Basic
must be made and a save can then be
made using the normal SAVE
command. None of this gets a mention
which could confuse a beginner, and it
took me a while (o work it out for
myself.

YOUR COMMODORK October 1987

:f9

UTILITY REVIEWS

Nevertheless the York Electronics
Research Assembler is one thai I
would recommend lor someone
making their entry into machine code
programming. All of the essential
features are included within the
program, and there are not enough
commands to confuse a novice.

The Z80 Emulator

The second of YER's products is the
Z80 Emulator. Before going any
further I would just like to say that this
is purely an educational aid. There is
little possibility of transporting the
code directly across to a Spectrum or
Amstrad machine. This is an emulator
not a simulator.

For a loing time after mastering
6502 machine code I wanted to try Z80
code, but I was inhibited by the fact
that I'd have to buy another computer
to do so. I f only this emulator had been
available then I would not have
had to shell out a fortune on a
machine 1 don't really need.

The YER emulator is really a
compiler which takes each Z80

command and translates it into a
corresponding piece of 6502 code from
a library stored on disk. It's a bit like
Basic really in the sense the interpreter
takes the Basic keyword and executes a
corresponding piece of code. The
result is that the program runs more
slowly than a dedicated machine code
equivalent as is the case with this
emulator. A compiled Z80 program
runs at about a sixth of the speed of a
dedicated 6502 routine. Not that this
matters a great deal as long as it runs
well enough to show if the Z80 coding
would work.

The Z80 assembler is a lot more
flexible than YER's 6502 equivalent
and includes facilities such as search
and replace, a simple delete command,
hex/decimal/binary calculator and a
complete DOS support.

The actual assembler listing
follows almost the same conventions
as laid down by the 6502 assembler
except that the code follows the correct
Z80 mnemonic system.

Any emulation of one CPU by
another is liable to compromises in the
interests of speed and efficiency. In

this case only the essential Z80 flags
are supported: carry, zero and
interrupt. With the exception of the IR
pair, all of the CPU registers are
supported, including the twin
alternative set of registers. The net
effect of these omissions is that some
of the commands cannot be supported
by the emulator. This is limited to 20
specific commands and doesn't cause
any problems in learning Z80 code.

After writing your code in the
assembler editor, you then save it to
disk and load the compiler program.
The compiler produces the object code
which in turn is convened into the
final 6502 version by the special saver
program.

This is a novel and relatively cheap
way of becoming familiar with the Z80
environment.
Touchline:

Product: 6502 Assembler. Price:
£12.99.

Product: Z80 Compiler. Price: £12.99.
Machine: C64.

Supplier: York Electronic Research.
The Fishergaie Centre, 4 Fishergate.
York YOl 4AB. Tel: (0904) 610722.

It's easy to complain
about advertisements.
But which ones?

Every week millions of advertisements appear in pnnt. on poster* or in the cinema
Most of them comply with the rules contained in the Bnbsh Code of Advertising
Practice.

But some of them break the rules and warrant your complaints.

[f you're not sure about which ones they are. however, drop us a line and we 1
send you an abndaed copy of the Advertising Code Then, if an advertisement
bothers you. you'llbe justified in bothering us.

The Advertising Standards Authority. .
If an advertisement is wrong, were here to put it right.

ASA Ltd. Dept 2 Brook House. Torrington Place. London WC1E7HN

well /

V

This space is donaied in (he inimtu of high standards of *dvera>int

BINDERS

FOR YOUR VALUABLE
COLLECTION OF
YOUR COMMODORE
MAGAZINES

"SMART "EASY TO USE
'TOP QUALITY

4» \

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To ASP Headers Service, PO Box 35. Wolsey
House, Wolsey Road. Hemel Hempstead,
Herts HP? 4SS (0442-41221)
Please supply. . . .Your Commooore Binders £5.20 Inc. P4P

Total E (Please make cheques- payable to ASP Lid.)

Yeats Required 198. . . 198. . . 198. . ,198. .

Ad drew

Please allow 21 days lor delivery

See us at RCW show
- Stand No. 1511-

Suncom

Outshine Ordinary Joysticks

MicroProse Ltd. 2 Market Place. Tetbury, Gloucestershire GL8 8DA Tel: (0666) 54326Telex: 43422 MPS UKG

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
40

FT WARE REVIEW

Ga

Reviews

A look at the latest selection of games
available.

he Action pack scries are compilations of Alligata
programmes that are sold exclusively through W.H. Smith.
This, the third in the series, contains the Commando style
shoot 'em up. Who Dares Wins ft, an odd arcade game
called Kettle, the terrible Indoor Bowling and superb Trap.

In Who Dares Wins II you're a man with a mission, a
machine gun and eight grenades. Your objective is to single
handedly take enemy outposts and free any of your
comrades that need your unique (blast everything) help.

Indoor Bowling is a ten-pin bowling style of game but it
lacks four pins and any point. The six pins that are there to
be bowled over defy most of the laws of physics when they
move as when you get a strike they all fall over, in perfect
lormaiion as soon as you touch the first pin.

Hi'

Kettle is a curious arcade adventure in which you must
:ak free from a 30 level underground complex. To move
irom level to level you must find the tin opener that's hidden
in giant pots. Unfortunately, these pots also emit a constant
stream of energy draining bubbles that must be deflected hy
your shield of protective orbiting criz/a which can also be
used to wipe out aliens. A weird ijame but fun to play
trticulurly if you like kettles.

The final game. Trap, is undoubtably the best of the
compilation and after a simple but ship expensive charge
through an asteroid belt becomes a Zaxxon style game in
which you must zap aliens, disable lasers, collect fuel, shoot
spy eyes (if these escape they alert the dreaded polic craft) all
to collect orbs to gain a better ship to survive a harder
course.

the skill of the game (apart from surviving) is to plan
your attacks so that you take out the levels aliens first
(there's only a set of quota of aliens per level) before blasting
the boats and lasers to get through to the end of the zone
where you have to proceed on foot, past walkways to claim
your orb. A great shoot 'em up in the finest tradition.

Trap and Who Dares Wins II are the games worth
considering in this compilation, and the others should be
viewed as a bonus. If you've got neither then it's worth a
look but if you've already got one of these think again.

T.H.

Touchtine:

Title: Action Pack j.Supp/ier: Alligata, Orange Street
Sheffield. SSJ. 4DW. Tel: 0742 755796. Machine: C64. Price:
£4.99. Originality: 5/10. Ptayabilitv: 7/ 10. Graphics: 6/10
Value: 5/10.

roooooom, daka daka. booom, oh sorry but I've just
been playing the new game from Power House, Gun Runner
and I'm hooked!

You play a highly trained helicopter pilot on a mission to
rescue your trapped buddies. Their ground bases have been
blown to bits and the) are sitting ducks, out in the open as
enemy planes and other deadly aircraft swamp the skv - you
are their only hope. Fly into the invaded territory and shoo!
down all aircraft (well, as many as you can) but most
importantly rescue your pals.

Your helicopter has been fitted with the latest hvdrolic
winch and with a Hick of a button it will drop down to
ground and level and pick up any running people (your

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987

ARE REVIEWS

friends) leaving you to worry about the aircraft around you.

The background is very impressive and gives the true
feeling of depth - yes the famous parralax scroll. The music
is jolly (although there is none in the game) and spot effects
are adequate. The end result is a highly playable, addictive
well-presented game and at just under two pounds it's
excellent value. Hats off to Power House. K.R.

Touchline:

Title: (inn Runner. Supplier: Power House, 204 Warple Raatl.
London. SW20 8PN. Tel: 01 -$79 7266. Machine: C64. Price:
LI. 99. Originality: 6/10. Graphics: 9/10. Playability: 9/10.
Value: 10/10.

DKMOI.ITION

D

cmolilion is a breakout/arkanoid style of a game in
which you must guide a ball with a bat around a series of
screens to clear away walls of bricks.

I.EVCl 02 CnLLSFEEO M

These bricks occupy most of (he screen except the left
hand side where you can move you bat up and down. If a oall
gets past your bal then you lose a tilt, but if you clear all the
bricks you'll survive lo play the next level. They'll be a
ditfrfCnl pattern of bricks to break through a\ well as a few
imlestruciable brieks and special bricks that can have a

dramatic

Some bricks appear as numbers (1,2,3) which is the
number of times you must hit il lo destroy it and others give
you bonus points and lives and some change the si/e and
speed of your bal. One reverses your bat controls while
another acts as glue that sticks the ball to your bat until you
press the button and yet another builds a wall of single
bricks behind lite bat !o save the ball if you miss il.

The result is a good variant of the tried and tested
breakout formula that first appeared in the arcades over 12
years ago! T.H.

Touchline:

Title: Demolition, Supplier: AfiCO, Machine: C l6/Plus/4.
Price: £7.99. Originality: 2/10. Playahitity: 7/10. Graphics:
VIO. Value: 7/10.

v> ui in the far reaches of space, in the farthest Galaxy, a
huge money war is being pledged. Well, not exactly money
but space birds known as griffins. You see as this bird was
acclaimed a galactic delicacy, and acquired such value it
came lo be used as an extremely valuable unit of inter-
galactic currency, traded on the stock market of the
universe.

On the moon of a far-away planet, a gang of
unscrupulous mercenaries have been secretly breeding the
tasty space griffin and plan to flood the market with them.
This would of course throw the monetry systems up in the
air. allowing them to siczc over all power.

This can not be allowed lo happen so starfleet command
intend to send Neil Armstrong to wipe out this dirty
trick and anyone caught breeding them. But due to an error
on the communications computer the dodgy captain Rover
Armstrong was sent instead. Of course, he was vastly
inexperienced but the task is simple enough - just capture or
destroy all the griffins on the planet. The griffins note his
arrival and prompily make themselves scarce, (not so easy
after all!). Captain Rover gets help from the scout ships that
drop off various supplies to help catch the birds, such
as speed, When you are neanng the griff in, press the button

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987

SOFTWARE REVIEWS

and you will leap, hopefully right onto the griffin back,
and then you eat him. Other goodies include ihe space
explosives (my favourite) when you are right near the grill in
ihey will slow down but won't let you gel loo close, just
\elect this weapon, push the button and f'OW feathers lly
(hec. hec!>.

There are loads of different naps and such like and even
when \ou've seen them all. this is a fabulous arcade game
combined with a fair bit of strategy.

For jusl over a fiver this game represents very good
value, nice sound (Robb Hubard), amazing parallax
background.

I don't need to tell you to buy, I bet you're pulling on
youi coat now. go on then, get down to your local software
'shop. K.R.

Touchline:

Title: Starpaws. Supplier: Software Projects, Bear Brand
Complex, Allerion Road, Woo/ton. Liverpool. Mcrsevside L25
7SF. Tel: 051-428 9393. Price: £5.99. Originality; 7/10.
Graphics: 9/10. Playability: 8/10. Value: 9/10.

cause him to walk into one of the hazards you have just
avoided, then so much the better.

Although a nice idea, I found Road Runner totalis
lacking in playability on the cassette version. Fach level,
although short, has to he loaded in separately from tape-
When you die. the tape has to he rewound as you start again.
Even if you take the proflcrred short cut to the last level sou
reached in the previous game, you haw m wail for all the
intermediate levels lo load in one by one. If Road Runner
had to wait this long, he would have been barbecued long
since. .

If you can put tip with the problems of using the tape, the
game itself seems lo be a competent version of the arcade
version and fans will no doubl want to buy a copy,
Otherwise, it's a case of try before you buy. That's all folks.

G.R.H.

Touchline:

Title: Road Runner. Supplier: US Gold. Unit 2/3
Ho/d/ord Way. Hotdford, Birmingham B6 7 AX. Tel: 021-356
3388. Machine: €64. Price: £9.99 (ca). C 14.99 fd).
Originality: 7/10. Graphics: 7/10. Playahilitv: 5/ UK Value:

6/10.

B,

eep. Beep. Stopping only for a quick peck of corn.
Road Runner zooms off into the distance leaving only a
cloud of dust behind w hile the hapless Wile E. Coyote is left
to suffer the consequences of his latest, backfired plan. That
at least is the theorv.

Having started in a cartoon and progressed lo an arcade
game. Road Runner has finally arrived on the 64. You play
the part of the scrawny looking bird and your objective is
simple - lo survive.

Each level presents a new series of obstacles apart from
the ever-present Wile E. Falling boulders, speeding trucks,
crevasses and mines must all be avoided and throughout you
must keep eating piles of seed.

Wile E. Coyote makes frequent use of the Acme
company as he buys their latest gizmos in an ever-more
desperate attempt to catch up with you. so expect to see him
whiz/ing past you at high speed on a jet-propelled
skateboard, rocket, jetpack or even pogo stick. Should you

/* I last. First Star, the makers of the famous Rockford
character have released Bouldersash I and II at only £2.99
each.

I was pretty chuffed as I was never able lo get hold of the
first game which was very good. ! wondered why they had
waited so long to release it?

Anyway, for those of you who have not heard of these
games, I'll tell you more. There was a little guy called
Rockford and he liked nothing better than collect precious
gems and valuable rocks.

One day. while out walking his dog he stumbled acrossa
cave, and being of a curious nature he decided to investigate.
He sent his dog home and went in and was amazed at what
he saw - huge gems and jewels stuck in the ground., so not to
miss the big chance he started to collect the gems, when he
had them all he heard a strange noise and noticed that the
entrance was gone and a new one had appeared. So in he

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
•13

SOFTWARE REVIEWS

wan. and there he discovered anoihercavc containing more
jewels. As he progressed deeper into the complex he started to
encounter various nasties such as deadly butlerllies thai
would explode and turn into jewels. 'Great', he thought, thai
until lie got caught up in the explosion, hut strangely he
I'elt alright after a while, he had just lost one of his three lives.

Other nieunicH he met included ruijic fireflies thai would
explode when hit by one of the many boulders, which
caused a very powerful explosion but maybe he could use it
to his advantage?

Soon Rocklord meets up with the giant Amobca, a huge
green shine that slowly oozes its way through the cave
destroying anything that gels in ils way. Then Rocklord has
an idea, surround it with rock so it can'l move. So he does
this, and wans patiently, and after aboul two minutes he is
standing nearby tapping his feeei when POW the green slime
goes bang and lurns into jewels. 'Wow', he says. "I must have
suffocated it. Quite a good idea though.*

You should have the idea by now - Boulderdash and
Rockfords Riot are just search-think<ollecl-dodge games
and prove very taxing on the old grey matter. If you do not
have any of these two games then go and get ihem. They
are very good value and you should think yourself lucky
that you did not buy them two years back when you
would have paid just under a tener. Good graphics, nice
sound, decent gameplay and brilliant value, which is surely
enough reason to add these to your collection. K.R.

a number of cave systems, each one of increasing
complexity. Rock tails hlock your way and must either he
dynamited or shot through. Strange creatures appear in
rroni of you and must be shot or dodged, such as, spiders,
bats and green slimy ai ms ihat try lo grab you as you pass.
Accidentally hilling a light switch will plunge the caves into
darkness SO thai you nave to navigate by guesswork - very
dangerous as contact with lava results in the immediate loss
ol one of your lives. All you have to do then is to make sure
that you don't plunge your helicopter into the icy waiers.
The added time pressure does little to help either.

The game looks more than a little dated now (not
surprisingly really) and is graphically crude. For all that,
there is still an initial addiction but once you start
remembering where all the hazards are, that also wears off
soon. C.R.H.

Touch line:

Title: Hero. Supplier: Firebird Stiver. Wellington House.
Upper St Martins Lane, London WC2H 9DL Tel: 01-631-
5206. Maehine: C64. Price: £1.99. Originality: 3/10.
Graphics: 3/10. Playahility: 4/10. Value: 4/10.

Touchline:

Title: Bou/derdash/ Rock fords Riot. Supplier: Prism Leisure.
Unit t, Enfield, Middlesex EN I ISJ. Tel: 01-804 HI 00. Price:
£299 (each). Originality: 6/10. Playahility: 9/10. Graphics:
7/10. Value: 9/10.

i f you need to flex your Ore button finger then load in
Terra Nova and get zapping. It's a no frills shoot 'em up in
which you have four zones to clear. In Terra Nova 'clear"
means blast cvervlhiniz to smithereens.

HLRO

0U are Roderick Hero, ace member of the Helicopter
Emergency Rescue Operation team. All you know is that
there is a miner trapped somewhere underground by a freak
explosion and that you have a limited amount of lime in
which to rescue him.

A re-release of the old Aetivision game, which consists of

Cnpyright I1BH

f'tim

To complete the game (which is extremely unlikely) you
must blast your way through each zone three limes! The first
trip is the relatively easy one as you can fly and blast away
quite happily without worrying about fuel or ammo, but in
the next two flights you must collect these by destroying the
enemy dumps.

Your main hazards come in the form ol alien crafts that
buzz you and space mines that you can't shoot but which
wreck you. The mines are fired by ground installations that
must be destroyed to gain points and reduce the number of
mines, leaving you lo dogfighl with the aliens.

The first /one is sei in space and once you complete that,
three limes, you can tackle the baitles of a ground base, an
Earth like landscape and the high seas.

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
44

SOFTWARE REVIEWS

A fun shoot em up that youll enjoy but don't expect too
much. T.H.

LAUREL AND HARDY

ToucMine:

Title: Terra Nova. Supplier: Anco, 35 West Hill. Danford.
Kent DAI 2EL Tel: 0322 92513/8. Machine: C 16/ Plus/ 4.
Price: £7.99. Originality: 6/10. Plavahilitv: 6/10. Graphics:
5/10. Value: 5/10

REALM

R

econstructing the enlire solar system is the minor tusk
lacing you. The Planetary Orbiting Co-ordinator has
developed a serious malfunction and planets are scattered
everywhere. You niusl control an XR3 droid and
manoeuvre it round the Inner Co-ordination Sanctum.

In other words, the game consists of a large maze and
you must wander around it collecting objects and solving
problems. As you progress, you must relocate the nine
planets in their correct place around the sun.

Not all areas of the maze are immediately accessible to
you. Walking past certain points causes doors to spring shut
behind you. trapping you if you have not taken sufficient
care over your route. Arrows point the way but their main
use is that when you stand next to them, they cause doors to
open elsewhere in the maze; causing a lot of backtracking.
As your progress further, so there are items to be collected
which are then used to remove further obstacles in vour
path.

The maze is constructed of brightly coloured blocks and
designs - graphically simple but effective enough. Certain
blocks are lethal to touch but it shouldn't be too difficult to
work out which ones they arc as skull and crossbones
usually tend to conceal something nastv!

Lack of any sort of action is likely to limit the appeal of
Realm to maze fans, but it's not a bad game for the price.

G.R.H.

Touchline:

Title: Realm. Supplier: Firebird Silver. Wellington House,
Upper St. Marlins Lane. London WC2H 9DL Tel: 01-63/
5206. Machine: C64. Price: £199. Originality: 5/10.
Graphics: 5/10. Playahility: 6/10. Value: 6/10.

aureland I lardy have had a tiff. Nothing unusual in that
you may say. they had at least one in every film thai they
made. Still, satisfaction is demanded and can be settled in
the only way slapstick comedians know how -a custard pie
in the face.

So. Stan and Ollie setoff round a strange town in search
of the local Han emporium. On their way. they will tlnd
plenty of opportunities to collect objects and use them to
hinder the other - ball bearings, oil and broken glass. Just
the sort of things an unsuspecting person can trip up on.
Other features include riding on a bike to speed up your
movement, recruiting the dubious services of a small dog
and the presence of the Keystone Kops.

The screen is divided into three sections. The top shows
Ollie's current whereabouts. All movement is shown on an
east-west axis regardless of which way you are actually
heading. As this is rather confusing il is strongly
recommended to get a map. Likewise, the bottom half of
the map is used for Stan, You can play either character
against the computer or a friend.

The central area shows a picture of each character
together with a series of icons indicating what he iscurrently
carrying. The colour of your face shows how thirsty you are.
You have to stop off occasionally to take on board liquid
refreshment - non-alcoholic ofcour.se.

Plldliil

I'm afraid that this is yet another example of a dreadful
licensed game. Companies pay a lot of money to use a title
like this and are obviously eager to get something onto the
market to recoup their investment as quickly as possible. All
this pressure can only squeeze one thing - the game, and it
shows. In Laurel and Hardy, the action is spread over too
great a distance which makes the gameplav extremely
tedious in the extreme, Lessthanadequatcgamecontroland
display don't help either. The result is a poor man's Spy
versus Spy.

Perhaps if software houses look the lime and money to
employ the sen ices of a games designer and graphic artist
rather lhan expect the poor programmer to come up wilh
ideas, graphics and music as well as code everyihing,
licensed games mighl have a belter reputation. With Laurel

YOUR COMMODOKK October 1987
45

SOFTWARE REVIEWS

and Hardy, as Ollic might have said. 'Here's another fine
mess.' G.R.H.

Touehline:

Title: Laurel and Hardy. Supplier: Advance Software. 17
Staple Tye. Harlow . Essex CM IS TLX. Tel: 0279 412441.
Machine: C64. Priee: €9.95, Originality: 5/10. Graphics:
5/10. Gameplay: 3/ JO. Value: 2/10.

ZYNAPS

J^t ynaps is the latest shool em up from Hewson in which
you must fly your Scorpian lighter through screen after
screen of alien spacecraft, command ships, mot her ships and
planet installations that shower you in homing and seeker
missiles.

Your Scorpion fighter is fitted with a standard missile
launcher but also a fuel scoop that can absorb the energy
capsules left after a wave of aliens or ground installation is
destroyed. Collect enough of these and you could activate
other weapon systems such as more speed, greater
firepower, bombs and homing missiles.

At the end of each sequence you will have to light your
way past a mothership or a command vessel that can only be
destroyed by sev eral well-timed shots or by homing missiles.

As you blast aliens and avoid their missiles as well as the
background structures (that are just as deadly) your ship will
get stronger and stronger, but so will the opponents you'll
face.

Although Zynaps will give your fire button finger a good
work out it is a little more than a Nemesis variant. It's good,
but we've come to expect more than this from Hewson.

T- II.

Touehline:

Title: Zynaps. Supplier: Hewson Consultants. 56H Milton
Trading Estate. Milton. Abingdon. OxonOXI442X. Tel: 0235
832939. Machine: C64. Price: £8.99 (ca). £12.95 (d).
Originality: 3/10. P/ayabi/itv: 7/10. Graphics: 6/10. Value:
7/10.

ZOLYX

D o you remember an arcade game called Qix that was
then converted for every machine possible in a bewildering
array of names that all ended in the letter X? Now here
comes Zolv\ which is the same old annoyingly addictive
game that I just can't stop playing.

The game is incredibly simple. All you have to do is paint
15 C A of a screen by moving your zolyx and boxing off
sections which then turn blue.

Naturally, there's a catch in the shape of zolyx zapping
balls that cost you a life if they either collide with you or a
box that you're drawing with the white line that follows your
movements in clear territory. Lose your lives and you lose
the game.

If you manage to complete a screen then you're rewarded

with a bonus life and you're onto the next screen which has
even more balls to avoid.

A simple but ridiculously addictive game. T.H.

Touehline:

Title: Zolyx. Supplier: Firebird. Wellington House. Upper St
Martins Lane. London IVC2H 9DL. Tel: 01-631-5206.
Machine: C64. Price: £1.99. Originality: 2/10. P/ayability:
7/10. Graphics: 4/10. Value: 7/10.

TABLE FOOTBALL

H ivc you ever played those table football games where
the pieces are controlled by turning handles? Well, now you
can bring the excitement into your home and onto your
computer screen at a budget price.

The game is only a two player game in which left and
right joystick pushes move the selected bar (this is the one
nearest the ball) and forward and back to kick.

The game is a best of nine goals match with the current
score displayed on the pitch and not in the oceans of room
above the table.

Budgie isn't the first software house to attempt to
computerise table football, indeed Bubblebus produced a
good version called Kick-off. This is not a good version for
two annoying reasons.

Firstly all the players look as if they standing upright but
aren't as the ball will pass under them unless you kick it. This
is, of course nonsense and spoils the game as well as stopping
the players trapping and controlling the ball and turns the
game into a kicking match. Secondly, should you score a
goal (these can sometimes be scored by kicking the ball past
the post??) your opponent may get the goal or occasionally
both of you get it!

Even if the program wasn't bugged, it just wouldn't be
worth the money even at a buduei price.

T.H.

Touehline:

Title: Table Football. Supplier: Budgie. I Orange Street.
She/field. SI 4DIV. Tel: 0742 755796. Machine: C64. Price:
£1.99. Originality: 3/10. Graphics: 4/10. Playability: 6/ 10.
Value: 4/10.

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
46

SOFTWARE REVIEW

The Personal

Choice
Collection

A trio of packages for the home or small
business user which includes a word
processor, database and spreadsheet
program that can be used separately or
integrated through common files.
By Tony Hetherington

T

J. he collection is supplied in a library box set with each
program accompanied by a quick reference guide. Also a full
manual is provided complete with worked examples and
tutorial sections that takes you through the basic operating
instructions, and then onto advanced features and finally
how to interface with the other programmes in the
collection.

Writer's Choice

Writer's Choice is a full blooded word processor capable of
handling complex documents with headers and footers,
justification search and replace, formating and a 50,000
word spell checker!

Once Writer's Choice has loaded, you are presented with
a menu to write a document, format a page. LOAD, SAVH
or PRINT a document or format a blank disk or produce a
test print. You can then easily write a letter, memo or
magazine article and correct typing mistakes, copy, move or
delete blocks of text by pressing a few keys.

A Writer's Choice document can consist of 600, 40
character lines that appear on the screen as dots until they
are over-types. That should be enough for most applications
but if it isn't you can chain documents together to form
massive documents that can be printed out on almost every
combination of printers and interfaces.

You can also read in tiles created by Filer's Choice and
Planner's Choice and incorporate them into reports or use
the Filer's Choice data to form a mailing list.

Writer's Choice is probably one of the easiest word
processors I have ever used (there's always a help key in
reach if you get stuck) yet it possesses some complex

5fCii er I s -F l *°A ce * s the word processing ^
?? r ?.°£ I. he Personal Choice Collection.
*.T » s both easy to use and powerful . - . -

with coHMands to set headers and

footers, line spacing, tab settings and

Spell Right , a 50,000 word spell

checker. • . * .

r««.? ow you £ an avid those aiiniying
spelling mstakes by saving your

docuHont and running it through Spei

Right which highlights incorect words

is l '.

functions and commands. For example, the search and
replace command 'the' will tlnd 'the' and The' but the
command '/the' is even more powerful as it finds part
words such as 'there' and 'whether*.

Once you've created your letter, memo or article you can
preview to see what it will look like on paper and then check
it with the impressive Spell-Right and get a word and
character count.

Spell-Right is supplied on a separate disk so you must
save your document and then load it in for checking. The
Spell-Right disk is double-sided and both must be used in
turn to check words that begin with letters between A and N
and O and Z. This takes a while particularly if you've added
your own dictionary to the 50.000 words thai are already
checked.

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
47

SOFTWARE REVIEW

The uses and applications of a word processor and a
database are obvious but who would use or need a
spreadsheet? The answer is that you don't need a multi-
million pound budget to gain from using a spreadsheet. Club
treasurer's, comparing investments or home and tax
accounts are all made easier by using a spreadsheet and even
if you're planning to run your own business, a spreadsheet
printout will impress the bank manager.

Unfortunately, the spreadsheet screen looks daunting
with only a few lines that outline the cells of the programmes
work space. By using the Planner's Choice manual you'll
learn that each of these cells can contain text (a heading so
that you understand what's going on), figures and formulas
to add up the contents of other cells or perform calculations.
With these you can add up the subscriptions you've received,
deduct the heating and lighting bills and rent of your club
house and find out how much you've got left for trips or
equipment and see whether this figure is increasing or
decreasing, in which case you'll have to increase your subs.
Similarly, a businessman can calculate profits, expenses and
wages to set prices to keep the taxman at bay and be ready
for any crisis such as the Chancellor deciding to put up beer,
petrol or VAT.

By changing a single figure you can create a whole
different set of circumstances which the program can
recalculate in seconds giving you the new results and a jump
ahead of the opposition.

Once your spreadsheet is complete you can either save it
to disk and incorporate it into a word processor document or
print it out individually directly from Planner's Choice.

The Personal Choice Collection is a powerful trio of
packages that will put yourC64 to work. There is also CI28
versions that load automatically from disk that basically
extend the screen size from 40 to 80 characters. The
collection is a little expensive at £69.95 but does contain all
you need to write documents and check the spelling, store
information and get your finances into shape. The packages
are easy to use and are supported by some superb
documentation.

Once the program has finished it highlights any words it
can't find. These can be altered, ignored or added to another
dictionary. If you don't know how to spell a word you can
have another go. and have that checked or you can even get
Spell-Right to list all the similar words it can find for you to
choose between!

Filer's Choice

Every integrated package needs a database program to store
and organise information so that it can be updated, sorted
into order and then printed out by the word processor.

A Filer's Choice database consists of records that are
created by typing on a screen and can be between 20 and 80
lines long. To create a database you simply have to type on
the screen the records you want to keep and then save them
to disk. You can then add new entries, delete records or edit
existing ones, sort the whole file into alphabetical order <to
whatever is defined at field I ) and search for a specific record
or group of records by setting greater than and less than
parameters.

Once you have the information stored in a format that's
easily edited and updated you'll want to do something with it
such as create mailing lists and print out labels and other
reports or lists. Creating a report is easy as the program
presents you with a list of the fields in each record in your file
and all you have to do is put them in the order you want them
on your form. You don't have to include all of them (indeed
a useful printout is a list of phone numbers) and you can
signal the computer to print more than one on the same I inc.
This report or print out can then be displayed on the screen,
saved to disk to be used with Writer's Choice or printed out
directly.

ttlH> [' [Hi i ;i

■1

COL I

1

RO

4

YOUR COMMODORE ARTICLES

li£B2US:The Personal Choice Collection

£ig?jtFT%! : word pro/database/spreadsheet

Planner's Choice

Planner's Choice is the third and final part of this
application program package and features a fully Hedged
spreadsheet program for planning your finances and asking
those 'what ir questions. What if VAT goes up, what if the
cost of disks doubles, what if 1 sell 20% more games, what
will happen to the price Mega Game 37 The answers and
many more can be posed and answered by a spreadsheet.

Touchline:

Name: The Personal Choice Collection. Supplier: Personal
Choice Software. Tel: 01-431 1101. Machine: C64. Price:
£69.95.

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
48

>

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PROGRAMM I NT-if

Arcade
Action

Producing your own scrolling messages and plotting on

the screen.
By Tony Crowther

Sc\o\\\n% messages have become
commonplace within game programs.
Such messages can range from game
instructions to amiable slanders about
friends and other programmers.
Here's a routine that allows you to
scroll a message up to 255 characters
long across the top of the screen.

Drawing borders and lines, and
doing it quickly, is very important in
games writing. So, I've also presented
a routine that enables you to plot small
blocks extremely quickly at any point
on the screen.

Gel It Scrolling

The routine presented here for
scrolling messages is nothing to jump
up and down and shout about.
However it is a simple but effective
way of producing your own scrolling
messages.

As usual there are three programs
associated with the message scroll
routine. Firstly, we have the Basic
loader, called' 'MESSAGE LOAD-
ER'. This routine holds the necessary
machine code within Basic DATA
statements. These are then POKEd
into the correct area of memory when
the program is RUN. The second
listing, 'MESSAGE M/C\ is an
assembly version of the program so
that those of you interested in machine
code can see how the program works.
The third routine, 'MESSAGE
DEMO', is a simple demonstration
that shows the program in operation.

Using The Routine

The scrolling is extremely simple to use
and should cause you no problems. It
does require the IRQ DATABASE
routine to be in memory before you
RUN. For those of you who missed the
IRQ DATABASE in the March 1987
issue of Your Commodore I have
included it here. To use the routine you
should follow this procedure:

1) POKE 839.0

2) Clear the screen.

3) Print the message on thescreen(255
characters long).

4) Type SYS 50817. COLOUR.
SPEED.

5) Clear the screen.

6) POKE 839, I to return the message
on.

The values for COLOUR are the
normal colour codes as described in
your manual.

SPEED should be between 0 and 8,
where 0 means stop and 8 is fastest.
If you are still unclear as to what you
should do read the example — ii
should make things clearer.

Screen Plotting

The second routine presented here
allows you to place a quarter-
character sized block, 4x4 pixels, at
any specified position on the screen in
any colour.

At first glance this routine will
appear to be of little use in arcade
programming, however it will become
invaluable when drawing borders or
lines on the screen.

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
52

Once again three programs are
presented. The first, 'PLOT
LOADER', is the Basic loader for the
PLOT routine. The second program,
'PLOT M/C\ is the machine code
version of the program. As usual a
demonstration is included. "PLOT
DEMO', showing the program in use.
The syntax for this routine is as
follows:

SYS 50616. X, Y. COLOUR

where X is the range 0-79 and is the

horizontal co-ordinate for the dot. Y is

in the range 0-49 and is the vertical

co-ordinate of the dot.

Colour is a standard colour code (0- 1 5).

Brought Forward

In the last gripping episode I set you a
couple of tasks to perform with the
routines that I had already published. I
am sure that you all managed to carry
out the specified tasks without too
many problems. Just in case you
didn't, I have included here my
versions of the programs.

The first program 'DEMO
EXTENSION', links together the two
sprite routines and produced ani-
mated, moving sprites. The second
routine, 'HELI DEMO' moves last
month's sprite around the screen.

If you couldn't get your own sprites
moving then following these programs
through should make life easier.

REMEMBER before you RUN any
of these programs you must have the
relevant routines from my previous
articles in memory or your computer
will crash.

PROGRAMMING

1000 ;**»**#■*#**** *St*t*************

154X1

!

1010 : ***»

SCROLLING MESSAGE **»#

1550

PR0G2

1020 ;*****»(********#******#***»*#*

1560

LDA FLAG

jSWITCH ON/OFF

1030 ;

1570

BEO

EXIT

1040 JUMF'TB

■« 49240

;JMP TABLE

15BO

INC

RASTCO

; RASTER COUNT

1050 BASIL 1

= 44797

1590

LDA

FvASTCO

1 060 BASJlu..

■ 44426

1600

BED

NEXTPG

1070 E'ASICj

*> 4 /09S

1610

LDA

ft 2 00

! RE-SET XSCROLL

= 20

1620

STA

XFOS

1090 DATA

- 40532

1630

LDY

FLAG1

;POSSION IN DATA

1100 COLOUR

= 40531

1640

LDX

#0

1110 SPEED

= 40530

1650

LOOP 2

1120 FLAG1

= 40529

1660

inn

LDA

COLOUR

: STORE COLOUR ON

1130 XFLAG

= 4052B

1670

STA

COLSCR.X : SCREEN

1 1 10 RASTCO

» 40527

1680

LDA

DATA, Y

i STORE DATA ON

1 150 TEST

* 40526

1690

STA

5CREEN.

X ; SCREEN

1160 SCREEN

= 1024

1700

I NY

1 I/O FLAG

*> B39

1710

I NX

11 BO C0L5LR

-- 3S296

1720

CPX

1*40

1190 RASTER

= 53266

1730

BNE

L00P2

1ZOO XFUS

P 53270

1740

LDA

B255

: RE -SET COUNT

1210 JRQDUT

= 60033

1750

STA

RASTCO

1 220 *

= 50B17

1 760

LDA

#255

: NEXT RASTER AT 255

l-i_>u ;

1770

STA

RASTER

lilO FROG 1

17B0

RTG

1^.50

JSR BASIC1

: GET COLOUR

1 790

NEXTPG

1260

JSR BASIC2

1B00

LDA

»58

I NEXT RASTER AT 56

1270

JSR BASIC?-

1 B 1 0

STA

RASTER

1280

LDA PAGE

1B20

LDA

XFLAG

: ADD SPEED TO XSROLL

i *;vo

STA COLOUR

1 830

SEC

1300

JSR BASIC 1

; GET SPEED

1 840

SBC

SPEED

1310

JSR BASIC2

1850

PPL

MEXT2

; CHECK BIT 8

1320

JSR BASIC3

1860

CLC

1330

LDA PAGE

1870

ADC

tt8

1340

CMP tt9

; CHECK FOR B

MAX

1080

NEXT2

1350

BCS EXIT

1890

STA

XFLAG

1360

5TA SPEED

1900

STA

XPOS

1370

LDA #<PR0G2

; CHAIN PR0G2

TO IRQ

1910

LDA

XFLAG

13S0

ST A JUMPTB

1 920

SEC

1390

LDA tt'PR0G2

1930

SBC

SPEED

1400

STA JUMPTb+1

1940

BPL

NEXT3

1410

LDX HI

1 950

INC

FLAG1

1420

STX XFLAG

1960

NEXT3

1430

LDX WO

1970

PL A

! REMOVE 'JSR' FROM

1440

STX RASTCD

1980

PLA

; STACK

1450

STX FLAG1

1990

J MP

I ROOM T

:JUMP OUT OF IRO

1460 L00P1

2000

. ENDI

1470

LDA SCREEN, X

:f>TORE MESSAGE TO

1460

STA DATA. X

; MEMORY

1490

I NX

1500

BNE L0DP1

1510 EXIT

1520

RTS

1530 ;

PROGRAM: SPRITE DEMO

8B
85
B9
BE
A9
3D

100 REM
********

110 REM *
OVING *
120 REM •
E *
130 REM •
NES *
140 REM *
N' *
150 REM -
•

IF 160 REM *
G *
170 REM *
BEEN "
180 REM *
THIS *
190 REM *

ED
33
CO
77

DEMONSTRATION OF M
A SPRITE ACROSS TH
SCREEN USING ROUTI
FROM 1 ARCADE ACTIO

NOTE. THE FOLLOW IN
PROGRAMS MUST HAVE
RUN BEFORE YOU TRY
DEMO.

200 REM

' IRQ DATABASE '
' SPRITE ANIM L
' SPRITE MOVER

AO 210 REM •
*

53 220 REM *

OAD ' *
A3 230 REM •

LOAD' •

IF 240 REM •******»•*«•«*•*•*•*
********

9D 250 POKE 53280 .0
6D 260 POKE 53281 .0
8A 280 PR! NT" f CLR . D0WN8 , C5 . SPC6

1 SPRITE MOVEMENT DEMONSTRATI

ON"

40 290 REM •** THIS IS THE SPR1

TE DATA ***
08 300 REM DATA FOR SPRITE

ONE ***
OC 310 DATA 0.0.0.0.0.0.0
98 320 DATA 248.56.3.255.244.31

,255

A4 330 DATA 255.63.254.56.127,2
52.0

82 340 DATA 255.246,0.7.248,0,2
9

00 350 DATA 240.0.1,240.0,3.240

360 DATA 0.3.240,0.3,240,0
370 DATA 1.224.0.1.224,0.1

2A
91

FD 380 DATA 224,0,0,224.0,0,96
BD
3E

390 DATA 0,0,32,0,0,0,0,0
400 REM *** DATA FOR SPRITE
2 ***
8A 410 DATA 0.0,0.0.128,0.1
66 420 DATA 128,0,3,128,0,7,192

88 430 DATA 0,15,192,0,15.192,0

48 440 DATA 15.192,0.15.224,0,1
5

80 450 DATA 224,0.7,240.0.7,240

43 460 DATA 0,3,248,56.3,255,24
4

A5 470 DATA 31,255,255,63,254,5
6,127

16 480 DATA 252.0.255.240.0,3,1
92

69 490 DATA 0.14,0,0,0,0,0,0
C2 500 REM *** POKE SPRITE DATA

INTO ***
35 505 REM *** SPRITE POSITIONS

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987

53

programmingH

128/9 ***
34 510 FOR X - 0 TO 127
EC 520 READ A

22 530 POKE X + < 128 * 64 )
A

E3 535 NEXT X

6C 550 POKE 2040.128:REM P01NTE

R FOR SPT 0
CA 560 POKE 204l,128:REM POINTE

R FOR SPT 1
A2 800 SYS 49152:REM TURN ON IR

0 DBASE

3E 810 POKE 837.1: REM TURN ON

SPRITE MOVE
91 820 POKE 53209, 255: REM ENABL

E SPRITES
75 830 POKE 53287. 15: REM SET SP

RITE COLOUR
FB 840 SYS 50180.0.20.200.0,3,1
500: REM START THE MOVEME

NT

EB 890 POKE 838.1: REM TURN ON A

NIMATION
5B 900 SYS 50480.0, 128.2. 25 : REM
START THE MOVEMENT OF SPRI

TE.

PROGRAM: DEMO EXTENSION

OR

OD

100 REM ****»****»••«*"**•••

********

85

110 REM •

DEMONSTRATION OF M

OVING *

OE

120 REM •

AND ANIMATING SPRI

TES ■

64

130 REM •

USING ROUTINES FRO

M

7B

140 REM *
•

* ARCADE ACTION* .

3D

150 REM *
*

IF

160 REM *

NOTE. THE FOLLOW IN

G •

ED

170 REM *

PROGRAMS MUST HAVE

BEEN *

33

180 REM *

RUN BEFORE YOU TRY

THIS *

CO

190 REM *
•

DEMO.

77

200 REM '
*

AO

210 REM *
*

'IRQ DATABASE'

53

220 REM *

■SPRITE ANIM L

OAD ' *

A3

230 REM '

1 SPRITE MOVER

LOAD ' •

IF

240 REM *****•»**»««»«»••*»*

•■••»**•

9D

250 POKE 53280 ,0

6D

260 POKE 53281 ,0

4D

270 PRINT"

[CLR]"

8F

280 PRINT"

(HOME, DOWNS, C5.SPC

6 1 SPRITE ANIMATION DEMO"

DD

290 REM **

SET UP THE SPRITE

SHAPES **

32

300 FOR I

-0 TO 64*3

El

310 POKE I

♦ ( 128 *64 ) ,255

AA

320 NEXT I

72

330 FOR J

- 3 TO 356 STEP 80

B7

340 FOR I

- 3 TO 21 STEP 3

A8

350 POKE I+J +( 128 '64 ) .1

95

42

360 NEXT I

5B

370 NEXT J

IB 380 SYS 49152 : REM START T
HE IRQ

CE 390 POKE 838 ,1 \ REM SWITCH

ON SPT ANIM
2B 400 POKE 637 .1 : REM SWITCH

ON SPT MOVE
F2 410 POKE 2040 +1 . 128
CO 420 POKE 53267+1 . IU : REM SET

SPT COLOUR
D6 430 POKE 53269,255 : REM SWI

TCII ON SPT
D2 440 REM ** SET UP NO. OF AN I

MAT IONS ***
3A 450 FOR I - 0 TO 7
CE 460 SYS 50480,1.128.3,1*2+4
3C 470 NEXT I

46 480 REM ** START SPRITES MOV

ING **"
D6 490 FOR 1-0 TO 7
71 500 SYS 50180,1.90,100+1*10.

0,1 .4-U/2) , (I+l(*16
D4 510 NEXT I

PROGRAM: IRQ DATABASE

07 100 DATA 120, 162.0, 169,0. 157,

63,3,674
81 101 DATA232,224, 192, 144.248,

162.0.169,1371
B9 102 DATAO. 170, 157,0, 157, 157,

0, 158,799
92 103 DATA157.0, 159,232,208, 24

4.169,81.1250
BA 104 DATA157.88. 192. 169. 192.1

57,89.192.1236
43 105 DATA 2 32 . 232 . 232 . 224 , 30 . 1

44,239,169,1502
36 106 DATAO ,141 .14, 220, 169. 82,

141,20,787
76 107 DATA3 ,169. 192,141.21,3, 1

69.0,698

7D 108 DATA141,1S.208,169,27.14

1, 17. 208,929
2B 109 DATA169, 1,141, 25.208.141

.26.208.919
4A 110 DATA88.96.169.1.141.25.2

08,32.760
80 111 DATA81. 192. 32. 81. 192.32,

81 , 192,883
19 112 DATA32.81.192.32.81.192.

32.81 .723
BC 113 DATA192.32.81.192.32.81.

192,32.834
90 114 DATA8i.192.32.81.192.76.

49.234.937
88 115 DATA120.169.49.141.20.3.

169,234.905
67 116 DATA141.21 ,3. 169, 1 . 141 . 1

4.220.710
47 117 DATA169. 121. 141. 25. 208.1

69.240.141,1214
97 118 DATA26,208,88,96.169.169

.173,141.1070
2B 200 POKE 53280 .0
29 201 POKE 53281 ,0
5C 202 PRINT" ICLR.C5)"
40 203 AS- " ISPC61 "
1A 204 PRINTAS"****************

********** ■■

01 205 PRINTAS"* [SPC24 ) * "

6B 206 PRINTAS"* (SPC4IMAIN IRQ

PROGRAM I SPC4 1 * "
A2 207 PRINTAS"* [SPC51MEM. 49152

-49300ISPC4)*"

06 208 PRINTAS"* [SPC24I * "
2D 209 PRINTAS"* ISPC24)*"

51 210 PRINTAS"* SYS49152 [SPC4
) . . .ON(SPC5]*"

07 211 PRINTAS"* [SPC24 ) * "

64 212 PRINTAS"* SYS49153ISPC4

] . . .OFF[SPC4)*"

29 213 PRINTAS"* [SPC24I * "

44 214 PRINTAS"*********"******
* *******»•«•

39 300 LI -100 :FOR I - 49152 T
0 49300 STEPS :T -0 :FOR J -
0 TO 7 : READ A

E6 301 POKE I+J ,A:T -T +A :NEX
T J: READ A: IF AOT THENPRINT
"ERROR IN LINE "LI : END

05 302 LI -LI +1:NEXT I

PROGRAM: MESSAGE LOADER

76 100 DATA32, 253, 174,32, 138, 17

3.32,247,1081
3D 101 DATA183.165.20.141.83.15

8,32,253,1035
03 102 DATA174,32, 136. 173.32, 24

7.183.165.1144
OC 103 DATA20 , 201,9. 176. 35, 141,

82. 158.822
9B 104 DATA169, 194.141,88.192,1

69,198,141.1292
D2 105 DATA89, 192, 162. 1.142. 80.

158,162,986
80 106 DATAO, 142.79.156.142.81.

158, 189,949
B9 107 DATAO, 4. 157. 84. 158,232,2

08,247.1090
F3 108 DATA96,173,71.3,240,250.

238.79. 1150
CF 109 DATA158. 173.79. 158.240.3

9.169.200,1216
A4 110 DATA141, 22, 208,172. 81, 15

8.162,0.944
52 111 DATA173. 83. 158. 157.0,216

,185,84.1056
38 112 DATA158. 157,0,4,200. 232.

224.40. 1015
5E 113 DATA208.238, 169,255, 141.

79,158.169,1417
C7 114 DATA255, 141, 18.208.96,16

9.58.141.1086
63 115 DATA18. 208. 173.80. 158,56

.237.82.1012
E2 116 DATA158. 16.3,24.105.8. 14

1,80,535

A2 117 DATA156. 141.22.208. 173.8

0.158,56.996
3C 118 DATA237.82,158,16,3,238.

81, 158,973
F3 119 DATA104, 104,76, 129,234,3

2.253.174,1106
2B 200 POKE 53280 .0
29 201 POKE 53281 ,0
5C 202 PRINT" (CLR,C5I "
40 203 AS- " (SPC6 ) "
1A 204 PR I NTA $"»*•**•*•********

**•*•■**•• ii

01 205 PRINTAS"* ISPC24]*"

86 206 PRINTAS"* (SPC5 1 MESSAGE S

CROLL 1SPC5 ) • "
B6 207 PRINTAS"' ISPC5JMEM. 50817

-50973ISPC4I*"
06 208 PRINTAS"* (SPC24 ] * "
BD 209 PRINTAS"* POKE 839 ,1[SP

C12)*"

28 210 PRINTAS"* ISPC24I*"

BD 211 PRINTAS"* SYS 50817 .COL

OUR [SPC6 ] * "
E7 212 PRINTAS"* [SPC11 ] , SPEED [S

PC7 ] * "

29 213 PRINTAS "* ISPC24] * "

44 214 PRINTAS"****************
*****»**»*>■

A9 300 LI =100 :FOR I - 50817 T

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
54

PROGRAMMING 9

0 50973 STEPS ;T -0 :FOR J -

0 TO 7 : READ ft
E6 301 POKE I+J ,A:T -T +A : NEX

T J : READ A: IF A< >T THENPRINT

"ERROR IN LINE "LI : END
05 302 LI -LI +1:NEXT I

PROGRAM: MESSAGE DEMO

Fl 1 REM SWITCH ON IRQ
38 2 :

5E 3 SYS49152
3E 4 :

6D 5 POKE 53281 ,0
Bl 6 POKE 53280 .0
9D 9 REM CLEAR SCREEN
30 10 ;

72 11 PRINT" [CLR1 " ;
36 12 :

08 13 REM PRINT MESSAGE
75 14 PRINT"THIS IS THE MESSAGE
TO BE SCROLLED ACROSS THE T

OP OF THE SCREEN. ":
OC 15 PRINT"TO DO THIS, FIRST C

LEAR THE SCREEN. THEN PRINT

THE MESSAGE 256";
EB 16 PRI NT'THARACTERS LONG. TH

EN ";

AE 17 PRINT"'SYS50882 .COLOUR .

SPEED' . THEN CLEAR THE SCREE

N AGAIN. THEN 'POKE " ;
A9 18 PRINT"839.1' TO START 'PO

KE839.0* WILL STOP."
5C 19 SYS50817.7.2:REM SET UP S

CROLL
5E 20 PRINT" ICLR) "
69 21 POKE839.1 : REM START SC

ROLL

48 22 PRINT" [HOME, C5 .DOWN10 . RIG

HT7 1 SCROLLING MESSAGE DEMO"
E3 23 GOT023

PROGRAM: PLOT LOADER

DO 100 DATA160.0. 140.99, 159.32.

253.174.1017
9A 101 DATA32 . 138 , 173 . 32, 247, IB

3,165.20,990
EC 102 DATA172,99. 159. 153,92. 15

9.200,192.1226
20 103 DATA4. 144, 231, 169,124.14

1.100,192,1105
50 104 DATA169.197. 141, 101.192.

173.92,159,1224
2A 105 DATA 170 , 169 , 1 , 157 , 124 . 15

9,169,0.949
57 106 DATA157. 116. 159. 157. 148.

159. 173,93. 1162
4F 107 DATA159.157.100.159.157.

248.7. 173, 1160
97 108 DATA94, 159, 157, 140. 159,1

73,95.159.1136
CA 109 DATA 157 ,108, 159. 96, 173, 7

0,3,240.1006
25 110 DATA250 .162,0, 189, 124, 15

9.240.42.1166
69 111 DATA254 ,116, 159, 189. 116,

159,221,108,1322
D2 112 DATA 159 .144.31,169.0.157

,116.159.935
33 113 DATA254,148,159,189, 148.

159.221,140,1418
D5 114 DATA159. 144.5. 169,0, 157.

146.159,941
B5 115 DATA189. 100. 159,24.125.1

48,159,157,1061
2A 116 DATA248.7. 232, 224.8.208.

204,96.1227
46 117 DATA244, 174.86. 159. 189. 1

13.198.145.1308
56 118 DATA183.76. 100. 196.142,8

7,159.173.1118
3B 119 DATA87.159,45,86.159.208

.13.173.930
DE 120 DATA87. 159. 24. 109.86.159

,170.189.983
OE 123 DATA113,198,145,183.165,

184.24. 105. 1117
2E 122 DATA212, 133, 184. 173,90,1

59,145.183.1279
99 123 DATA96.32.126.124.226.12

3.97.255,1079
61 124 DATA236, 108,127,225,251,

98,252.254,1551
D7 125 DATA160. 32, 253. 174.32, 13

8, 173,32.994
2B 200 POKE 53280 .0
29 201 POKE 53281 ,0
5C 202 PRINT" ICLR, C5) "

40 203 AS- "(SPC6I "

1A 204 PRINTAS""***************
********** "

01 205 PRINTAS"* [SPC24I ' "

71 206 PR I NT AS " * f SPC6 1 PLOTTER X

,Y|SPC71*"
25 207 PRINTAS"* I SPC5 1 MEM. 50616

-50816 ISPC4]*"
06 208 PRINTAS"' (SPC241 " "
00 209 PRINTAS"* SYS 50616 . XCO

-0D1SPC61*"
OF 210 PRINTAS"* ISPC11) .YCO-ODi

SPC6 J * "

39 211 PRINTAS"* [SPC11 ) . COLOUR 1

SPC6 1 " "
32 212 PRINTAS"* (SPC24)*"
44 214 PRINTAS"** • *************

• ****•****<■

4C 300 LI -100 :FOR I - 50616 T
0 50816 STEP 8 :T -0 :FOR J -
0 TO 7 : READ A

E6 301 POKE I»J ,A:T -T +A :NEX
T J : READ A: IF A< >T THENPRINT
"ERROR IN LINE "LI :ENT>

05 302 LI -LI *1:NEXT I

PROGRAM: PLOT DEMO

45

0 POKE53280.0

9F

1 POKE53281.0

1C

2 PRINT" ICLR, C5.DOWN12)"TAB(

13)"L0-RES PLOTTER"

AB

3 FORI-24T055

4C

4 SYS 50616,1,22.12

B2

5 SYS 50616.1.27,12

84

6 NEXT

AA

7 FORI-22T027

5A

8 SYS50616.24.I.12

71

9 SYS50616 . 55 , I . 12

86

10 NEXT

65

11 FORJ -11T023STEP3

IE

12 FORI-0TO2MPI1STEP.5/J

IE

13 A-40-SIN(I)*J*l .7

06

14 B-25-COS(I)*J

CO

15 SYS 50616, A, B, J

DB

16 NEXT I

DD

17 NEXT J

F4

18 GOT018

1000

.««•*••****•********«

**********

1250

JSR BASIC1

1010

; ****LOW-RES GRAPHIC

PLOTER****

1260

JSR

BASIC2

1020

.ft*****************************

1270

JSR BASIC3

1030

1280

LDA PAGE

1040

BASIC1

- 44797

1290

STA

YSTORE

1050

BASIC2

= 44426

1300

CMP

#50

1060

BASIC3

- 47095

1310

BCS ERROR

3070

PAGE

- 20

1320

JSR BASIC1

1060

PAGE1

- 183

1330

JSR BASIC2

1090

TEST1

- 40790

1340

JSR BASIC3

1100

TEST 2

- 40791

1350

LDA

PAGE

1110

YSTORE

- 40792

1360

STA

COLOUR

1120

XSTORE

- 40793

1370

JMP

LOOPS

1130

COLOUR

- 40794

1380

ERROR

1140

*

- 50616

1390

RTS

1150

>

1400

LOOP 8

1160

1410

LDA

#0

1170

PROG1

1420

STA

TEST1

1180

JSR BASIC1

;GET X CO-OD

1430

STA

TEST2

1190

JSR BASIC2

1440

LSR

YSTORE

1200

JSR BASIC3

1450

ROR

TEST1

1210

LDA PAGE

1460

LSR

XSTORE

1220

STA XSTORE

1470

ROR

TEST 2

1230

CMP #80

; CHECK FOR MAX

1480

LDA

#1

1240

BCS ERROR

1490

LDX

TEST2

;GET Y CO-OD

; CHECK FOR MAX
:GET COLOUR

;EVAL BITS

; FIND BYTE

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987

55

programming!!

1500

BEQ

LOOPl

1830

CPX

#16

1510

ASL

A

1840

BNE

L00P5

1520 LOOP1

1850

LDX

TEST1

1530

LDX

TEST1

I860

LDA

DATA , X

1540

BEQ

L00P2

1870

STA

(PAGED . Y

1550

ASL

A

1880

JMP

L00P7

1560

ASL

A

1890

LOOP6

1570 LOOP 2

1900

STX

TEST2

1580

ST A

TEST1

1910

LDA

TEST2

; COMPARE WITH

1590

LDA

#0

1920

AND

TEST1

;NEW DATA

1600

STA

PAGE1

1930

BNE

L00P7

1610

A V rial V

LDA

#4

1940

LDA

TEST2

1620

STA

PAGE1+1

1950

CLC

1630

LDY

Y STORE

.-FIND SCREEN

1960

ADC

TEST1

1640 L00P4

; LOCATION

1970

TAX

1650

BEQ

LOOP9

1980

LDA

DATA . X

; ADD TOGETHER

1660

LDA

PAGE1

1990

STA

(PAGED .Y

; STORE ON SCREEN

1670

CLC

2000

L00P7

1680

ADC

#40

2010

LDA

PAGE1+1

1690

STA

PAGE1

2020

CLC

1700

BCC

LOOP3

2030

ADC

#212

1710

INC

PAGE1+1

2040

STA

PAGE1+1

1720 LOOP3

2050

LDA

COLOUR

; STORE COLOUR ON

1730

DEY

2060

STA

(PAGED ,Y

; COLOUR SCREEN

1740

J MP

L0OP4

2070

RTS

1750 LOOP9

2080

#

1760

LDY

XSTORE

;FIND OUT WHATS

2090

1770

LDX

#0

;ON SCREEN

2100

DATA

1780 L00P5

2110

. BYT

32.126,124,226.123.97,255,236

1790

LDA

(PAGED , Y

2120

-BYT

108.127,225,251,98,252,254, 160

1800

CMP

DATA . X

2130

.ENDI

1810

BEQ

LOOP6

; FOUND IT

1820

INX

COMMODORE
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is aooul lo times notmal speed* We ■" .- newt < -' "- sow Sue" *
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second cassette unit a'e requited (asy lo use with tu" instructions
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THE WAND - TAPE TO DISC

Male lull use ol yfxi' disc *nr by eltytlessly convening ymi'
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Handles an mejor loading systems w-ln a very large menu nl gcr»i-i
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PHOTON LOAD - FAST LOAD AND
SAVE

HavByOu Dvnr *iued time wa-tinq loryout programs toloador save -1
litis encetwni program wi« mnae a real dilWreneesoyour compuler

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and ailom you lo load and sa-eyoii' programs alaboul 'F.N times Hi"

speed i'anoim*iioMor save I-oadr>nior>aiBaKCommandMna««

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blading arid an audio warninq »i"n loading is lomplem auuie yOu

"SnadiAg unnq n>go>ng lopian fuohVatha Commodore system) A
«w" nutiqnpd Catseiie ki.H'iQ and saving sysiem onre you na.n

Of* you *on I *aril lo he - i' . ■ .1 one

■ . f f 4S

SUPER SPRITE

' -'" - 1 r r 1 . ■ ut>iily alloaas you 10 use 6 spules s*tiuil»neou»iy

ovar • 1 ■ - screen Wiin ihis program you tan no* imitai*

trie sprites lou-d on l«e Commodor- $4' £act» Spine's compo^dol

'6> 1 Spue's "or tiighoelinitiori Sprites canon indopurxieniiy movno

ki any diratiign hiI'i '■ ' uro"i"g n\ay take on

any colour and ai any spaad Spina priorities and eoHivon

datnciion ai«pro"l<d Dasp'le adong all ineso corrawe* leaiures lo
your computer it a vary easy lo osn We provide eal't Qssic
commands lo ma»i:ii very easy to use sprees »itn your programs 0"
lop ol a" tiis we provide you •il" "*fcf demo programs and a F"E£
sprite designer Wnat more in you need to Dung >vai power in . -u
games cm your CVlLlS 4 Thik-nme p*»age it a must loi q«

programmeis

f.fr>Me"i value - CA^<-Uf f ' :W

ELECTRIK PENCIL!!!

a tiuiy -11 - -r • tugfi resoMion an program Magmtirfni masir-
pteces can he *■ • - using tna powarlui'a'iiiiiasproiidnd hy

this nactage ina program is anhreiy Witlen in • . ;-■ speed macivne
code and inciudas VaoaDic pencil si/e Vartabfe drawing speed (asy
select cursor menu : ■■■■ draw ploi treehand lines circles Mood
■ •'• ■<■'■ ploised on hajn res screen at any posdion i?i

colours ail usable simultaneously, "ifd copy to punier . load and sa.n
o* pictures id cassette c disc inysnc" or ■-yboerd Many
other <ac<M>es loo -iume>ou» to mention Complete wiin mtirutiions

Bring some io>our mloyou) I'M win FlEC'BiK PENCii Impmsino

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Diti. artir 19 95

MERLIN ASSEMBLER

'00 o'o matrwie code assemtue- 101 the Plut-4C6 V«ry last
assembly msou'cei ode FasyBniry Bdi'ngol'*xidaviairka<iiiisc>een
editor FuH error messagas puipointing me errors full load sa<e ana
liuninr lacitiiies iniaiiigani assembly Vananfe names labels
r ■■■ ')•■' ■ .1 leu and daia siaiemcnis remar's post indennq □>
variables etc Many oinei lacilides too numerous to mennon Highly
1 acorn mended ■ A "uly superb assembler Comes wvih insiruciion

booMel and <«t( boo'let ol machine code 'online* *>(AO 'Hr:
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BLACK CAT - CASSETTE CONVERTER

»"a»e you ever wanted lo use- your PtuS*e Wordprocesso'
Spreadsheel Business grapfnts eir with a casseif- iinit* Inn,
program allows you lo save yo>" we* "1 cesseiie raiiwr inandisi. if,

lor'ed to by Commodore I • coiweruani naty lo ut*>

OfUVfaBS

JOYSTICK ADAPTORS

Converts any loystica 10 Plui4'Ci6 to"n*i S^ply plug <n and oo 1
0r.iv 13 SO

CASSETTE INTERFACES

if *ou haw? » Commodore 64 cassette unit which vou would li*e lo use

wilb yOur C 16'Pl US 4 then you need or* o« me*e I hiS adaptor lean if.

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A ■- ■ ■ r .'1 u ■" ■! CS 9f>

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i A precision recorded cassetti* i.onlaimng a - . ■! ■ ■•• ' v>»l
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indHalor 4| A 1 .inn j «— t-t >/t a iieUiled ----.r- ■■ — : — hnoiMit wiin
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RAPID dispatch of orders

U.K. pftp FHEE and by HBST CLASS po»! Europeans
please ADD 50p. Ou|side Europe ADD 11.50 lor AIR MAIL
Overseas orders vrelcomc. Alt payments must be In
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ChBOUM'POt to: WIZARD SOFTWAHE jDept K.K.I 20
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f

y^/Zj^RD SOFT\MARE (Dept K K )20 Had,,an Df > ve < Rectos. Exeter. Devon EX4 1SR

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
56

I

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from only £10.99 for 25 disks delivei

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C64 REVIEW

ge

• ;n I mi-
's

P

C64 PROGRAMMING

Adventure

Kit

Want to write a gripping adventure? This series will
provide a kit of machine code routines which will
simplify the procedure and enable you to develop an
individual style. We start off with the location/exit

module.

4

/Is many of you know, there
arc a number of packages around
which are aimed ai making adventure
writing easier. The best known are
Quill and Graphic Adventure Creator.
With these, all you need to do is think
up the plot and the rest is done for you.
The main drawback with these
products however, is that the
adventures written with them tend to
have a similar feel and you are
constrained by the imposed
limitations of each package.

In essence an adventure is a data
base which is accessed during the
game. The tedious part is the need for
efficient and rapid access of the data
held in it This apsect will be tackled
by this kit. This will leave you more
time to work on the How of the game
and the addition of embellishments

The kit comprises of six
modules:

1. A location/exit module which
allows the handling of the
geography of the adventure.

2. A text module which handles
messages, location descriptions,
etc.

3. An object module which eases such
actions as taking, dropping, eating,
drinking objects, looking and
inventory.

4. A parser allowing the input of
commands and the checking of
words against a vocabulary.

5. A window module allowing the
manipulation of screen windows so
that you can erase orscroll different
text areas.

6. An interrupt module which will
build in a real lime element into the
game.

Naturally you don't get something
for nothing. The machine code will
steal about 8K leaving you about 30K
for BASIC. The routines will,
however, give you instant access to
20K of memory for the game database.

Each module will be accompanied
with an editor allowing you to set up
the data base. However. I'll go
through the setting up of an editor in
sufficient detail to allow you to write
your own.

Location Exit module

All adventures need some way of
giving you the power to move about.
This is done by using locations. Each
location may be considered to be a
room or cell linked to its neighbours
by routes. It is necessary to specify two
sets of data:

a) which exits each location has;

b) where each location leads lo.
This month I will deal with the first

set of data and cover the second set at a
later date.

Ten possible exits are available for
any given location. These are the eight
basic compass directions and up and
down. These are described in two bytes
for each location. The first byte has a
bit allocated for each compass
bearing.

North occupies bit 0. north-east
occupies bit 1 and so on. This
information is held in a table of 256
bytes residing between 37632 and
37887 ($930O-$93FF). Location 0 uses
the first byte in the table (37632) and
location 255 uses the last byte (37887).
Up and down use the first two bits of

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
60

C64 PROGRAMMING

bytes stored in a table from 37888 lo
38143 (S9400-S94FF). This works in
the same way as the other table.

The destination data occupies
rather more memory. Each location
has ten bytes reserved for ii. These
hold the number of the location
reached when moving in any of the ten
possible directions. If no such route
exists, the byte value will be zero by
default (more on that later). The table
starts at $9500 (38 144) and occupies as
much memory as required by the
number of locations used. If a full
complement of 256 locations is used,
the table will end at $9F00 (40704).
Location 0 uses the first ten bytes,
location I, the next ten and so on.

The code in this module uses these
tables to provide four functions. This
routine prints the exits in any given
location on the screen. The syntax of
the command is;

SYS 36864. LOCNO. PRINTTYPE.X.Y

LOCNO is the location number.
PRINTTYPE specifies the form of the
display. Type 0 prints the exits across
the screen using commas to separate
them.

Type 1 prints the exits in a column in a
form suitable lor use in a window.
X is the horizontal position of the lop
left corner of the output. It is ignored
by type 0 output.

Y is the vertical position of the output.
EXITCHK

This checks whether an exit exists, if
there is not an exit, location 900 will
contain a zero. If the exit does exist, it
will contain 255. Its syntax is:

SYS 36867.LOCNO.DIRECTION

LOCNO is as before

DIRECTION specifies the direction

you want to move:

0... North

I... North-east

2... East

3. . .South-east

4. . .South

5. ..South-west

6. . .West

7. -.North-west

8... Up

9... Down

An example of its use would be:

1000 SYS 36867,L.N,DI

1010 IF PEEK<900)=0 THEN PRINT

"YOU CANT GO THAT WAY"

CHANGE

This allows you lo create or remove an
exit during the game. Its syntax is:

SYS 36870,LOCNO.DIRECTION.
ACTION

LOCNO and DIRECTION are as
before.

ACTION specifies what will happen.
A value of 0 closes the exit and a value
of 1 creates an exit. An example of its

use is:

2000 SYS 36870.3,2.1: PRINT "A
ROCK FALL SEALS THE
PASSAGE TEST"

CHKDEST

This command checks the destination
reached if you were to move in a
specified direction. The number of the
destination is held in location 901. The
syntax of the command is:

SYS 36873.LOCNO.DIRECTION

The routine does not check whether an
exit exists, you must do that. The
following code fragment assumes that
your current location is in LO and
attempts to MOVE you in direction
DI:

100 SYS 36867XN.DI

1 10 IF PEEK(900)=255THEN

PRINT "YOU CAN'T GO THAT

WAY": RETURN

RETURN

120 SYS 36873.LO.DI: LO=PEEK
(901): RETURN

The code is provided as a normal
BASIC loader but you will no doubt
wish to save it as object code. For
those of you with machine code
monitors, save the block from $9000 to
S92D2. The editor includes a small
saving routine which can be used for
the job. What you do is:

1) RUN the editor and select the
SAVE option.

2) When prompted for the file name,
break out of the editor with RUN
STOP/RESTORE.

3) Give the command:

SYS 870 filename,8,2,36864.37586
if you are a disk user or

SYS 870 filename, 1,2,36864,37586
for cassette.

The resulting code can be loaded
directly by:

LOAD filenamc.8,1 or LOAD
filename. I . I

The editor is menu driven and
therefore self-explanatory. A few
points should, however, be made.

The initialise tables option fills the
data tables with zero bytes. Since the
destination table is of variable size,
you must specify the highest location
to be used. This value is used to decide
how much memory must be saved
later. The program does not save the
number of locations. You must
remember it since you will be
prompted for its value when you use
the LOAD option.

The display location option lists
the destination and exit entries for the
specified location. The set up option
allows you to specify the exits and
destinations. You should set up the
exits first. The destination portion will
then ask you to specify the destination
for each available exit.

If you plan to create an exit during
the game, use the editor to create the
exit and the destination and then use
the editor to close the exit. The
destination entry will be retained for
when you need it.

The thing to remember is that you
should plan everything on paper
before using the editor. Changing
databases once you've started work
may not always be possible. The final
code fragment pulls three of the
commands together in a simple
routine for moving about.

10 DATA N.NE.E.SE.S.SW.W.NW.
W,U,D

20 FOR I=0T09:READDI$(1):NEXT
30 LO=l

40 PRINT CHRS(I47):PRINT

"LOCATION'TO

50 SYS 36864,LO.0,0,5

60 INPUT-WHICH WAY";DIS:I=0

70 IFDI$=DI$(I)THEN 100

80 1=1+1: IFK10THEN70

90 GOTO60

100 SYS 36867,LO,I:IFPEEK(900)=0
THEN PRINT "YOU CAN'T GO
THAT WAY":GOTO60
100 SYS36873.LO,I:LO=PEEK(90I ):
GOTO 40

That's all for now. next time I will

look at text storage.

PROGRAfl : EXIT. MQD . LOADER

3B B000 FORL-0TO4S:CX-0:FORD~0T

015:READA:CX-CX+A:P0KE35B64*

L-16*D,0:NEXTD
BS eaiQ REftDA: IFfloCXTHENPRJNT"

ERROR IN LINE";S040*CL-10J:S

TOP

OF 5050 NEXTL : END

□5 2040 DATR76 , 1 E , 1 44 , 76 , 36 , 14E
,76,73, 146,76, 157, 146,3£,B6,
145,141,1574

EC S050 □ftTA7e,3,3e i B6,145,141,
73,3,38,86, 145, 141,74,3,38,8

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
61

C64 PROGRAMMING

6,1154

3F 5060 DATA145, 141,75,3.169.0,
141, 138,3, 173.73.3,640, IBB, 3
E ,50 ,1458
BA 5070 DATA146, 169, 118, 160, 145
,35, 30. 171 , 175,75,3, 1B5.0, 14
7,141,75,1767
45 5080 DATA3, 501, 555, 508,51, IB
5,0, 148, 501 , 3 , S0B , 14 , 538 , 75 ,
3.35. 179S
56 5090 DATA20, 146. 169, 145, 160,
145 , 35 . 30 . 1 71 , 96 , IBS , 0 , 78, 76
,3,142,1575
5D 5100 DATA77,3, 144,3, 35, 14, 14
5 , 235 , 254 , 8 , 508 , 540 , 1 74 , 75 , 3
,189,1768
DB 5110 DATA0. 148,141, 76, 3, 165,
8,78,76,3,142,77,3,144,3,35,
1096

1C 5120 DATA14, 145,232,224, 10,2

08 . 240 , 1 73 , 1 32 , 3 , 208 ,7,169,2

49, 160, 145,2319
FC 5130 DATA32, 30 ,171,96,169,0,

141,74, 3, 32,20, 146 , 169 , 100 , 1

60. 145, I486
AC 5140 DATA32,30,171,23B,75,3,

32 , 20 , 146 , 172 , 72 , 3 , 1B5 , 0 , 147

,141 , 1467
65 2150 DATA76. 3, 201, 255. 208.15

, 185,0, 148,201 ,3,208,8. 169, 1

56.160,1966
91 5160 0ATA145, 32, 30, 171,96,16

5 . 0 , 78 , 76 , 3 , 145 , 77 , 3, 144 , 3 , 3

2,1194

40 5170 DATA40, 145,232,224.8,20
B.240, 174 ,72,3, 189,0, 14B, 141
,76,3, 1903

BE 2180 0ATA162, B, 7B , 76 , 3 , 142 , 7
7,3, 144.3,32.40, 145,232,224,
10,1379

8C 2190 DATA208 1 240,169,157,32,

210,255.169,32,32.210.255,16

9,13,32,210,2393
03 2200 DATA255, 173. 132,3,508, 7
, 169,549, 1G0, 145,35,30,171,9

6,538,75,2143
12 2210 DAT A3 , 32 , 20 , 146 , 174 , 77 ,

3.189.165,145,168,189,155,14

S,32,30, 1673
37 2220 DATA 171 , 1 74 , 77 , 3 , 23B , 13

2,3,96,32, 31, 146, 152, 174,77,

3,24. 1533
7F 2530 DATA125, 2. 146,201,40, 14

4, 6, 238, 7S. 3, 32, 20, 146, 174.7

7,3,1432

34 2240 DATA199,1G5,145.16B,189

, 155, 145,32,30, 171,169.44,32

,210,255, 174, 5573
SB 5550 DATA77 , 3 , 538 , 135 , 3 , 96 , 3

2.253, 174, 35, 13B, 173,32,247,

183,165,197B
CI 2260 DATA20, 164,21 ,96.84,72,

69 , 82 , 69 , 32 , 65 , 82 , 69 , 32 , 69 , 8

8.1114

91 2270 DATA73.B4.83.5B, 13,0, G9
, BB , 73 , B4 , B3, 58 , 13, 0, 73, 7B , 9
30

24 2280 DATA32.65,76,75,32,68,7
3 , 82 , 69 , 67 , 84 , 73 , 79 , 7B . B3 , 1 3
,1050

ED 2290 DATA0,65,76,76,32,B7,65
,89,93. 13,0, 175, 181, 195, 197,
508, 1539

6E 5300 DATA214,225,230,241,244
. 145,145,145, 145,145,145, 145

,145,145,145,78,2682
57 2310 DATA79, 82,84,72, 0,78, 79

, 85 , 84 , 75 , 45 , 69 , 65 , B3 , B4 , 0 , 1

0'5G

EA 5350 OATA69,65,B3,B4,0,B3,79
, B5 , 84 , 72 , 45 , 69 . 65 , 83 , 84 , 0 , 1

050

B5 5330 DATA83, 79, BS.B4, 72,0,83
, 79 , 85 , 84 , 75 , 45 , 87 , 69 . 83 , 84 ,
1174

B2 5340 DATA0, 87, 69,83,84, 0.7B,
79 , B2 , B4 , 72 , 45 , 87 , 69 . B3 , 84 , 1
0B6

A3 2350 DATA0.85, 80,0,68, 79. B7,
79 , 0 , 78 , 79 , 87 , 72 , 69 , 82, 59 , 10
13

5C 2360 DATA0 ,13, 5, 10, 4, 10, 5, 10
,4.10,2,4.1,2,4,8.95

66 2370 DATA16,32,64,128,174,7S
,3,172,74,3,24,32,240,255,96
,56, 1444

46 23B0 DATA32, 240, 255,96. 32, 86

,145,141,72,3,35.86,145.172.

72,3,1615
B3 2390 DATA 170, 201, 8, 176, 16, IB

S,0, 147,61 , 12, 146,201,0,240,

2,169,1734
DE 2400 DATA255, 141 , 1 32, 3 , 96 , SB

.233,8, 170,1B5,0, 14B, 76,56, 1

46, 32. 1737
D7 5410 DAT ABB , 145, 141 , 75 , 3 , 35 ,

86 , 145 , 141 , 78 , 3 , 35 , 86 , 145 , 14

1,79, 1415
E6 5450 DATA3,175,75,3,173,7B,3

,501,6,176,11,170,185.0,147,

32, 1434

Bl 2430 DATA132, 146, 153,0, 147,9

6,56,533,8, 170 , 185 , 0 , 149, 35 ,

135, 146, 17B4
51 2440 DATA153.0, 148,96, 141 , 76

,3,173,79, 3,240, 7. 173.76,3,2

9, 1400

SA 2450 DATA12 , 146 . 95 , 169 . 255 , 5

6 , 253 ,22, 146 , 45 , 76 , 3 , 96 , 32 , 8

6,145, 162B
Al 2460 DATA141,72,3.32,B6, 145.

141,78, 3, 172,72,3, 169,0, 133,

251 , 1501

65 2470 DATA169,149,133,252,192

,0,240,16.24.165,251,105,10,

133,251,165,2255
24 24B0 DATA252, 105,0, 133, 2S2, 1

36 , 208 , 240 , 175 , 7B , 3 , 177 , 251 ,

141,133,3.2284
3C 5490 DATAge.O.S.O.O.O.O.Q.O,

0,0,0,0,0, 0,0, 96

PROGRAM: EXIT .MOD . EDITOR

DB 1 REM* **••••••••••*««•*

CB 2 REM* ADUENTURE KIT ■

A3 3 REM* EXIT EDITOR -

15 4 REM**-**-"*****"-***

95 10 IFA-1THENA-2: LOADFIS , DE , 1

A5 20 IFA-2THEN 60

A0 30 P0KES6,9*16:CLR

IE 40 POKE53280,0:PQKE532Bl,0:S

A-9-4096:Ll-1274
6A 50 BLS-"CSPC393"
79 55 DIS(0)-"NQRTH":DIS(13-"NO

RTHEA5T":DIS(2)-' , EAST":DISC3

3 -"SOUTHEAST "
90 56 0ISC43-"'SOUTH":DIEC53-"SO

UTHUE5T":DISC6)-"UIE9T":DISC7

)-"NORTHUEST"
31 57 DlS(8J-"UP":DI5C93-"OOUN"

6D 60 PRINT"CCLR3"TABC13J"CCB3A

DUENTURE KIT"
07 70 PRINTTABC13)"CSD133"
90 80 PRINT"CDOUIN3"TABC145"CYEL

LOU, RU5DN3EXIT EDIT0RCRU50FF

3"

C0 90 PRINT"CDOliJN23 ,, TA8C10V , Cim I

ITE31 INITIALISE TABLES"
33 100 PRINTTABC103"2 SET UP A

LOCATION"
69 110 PRINTTABC10)"3 DISPLAY A

LOCATION "
4E 120 PR1NTTABC103 "4 SAUE TABL
ES M

DA 130 PRINTTABC10V5 LOAD TABL
ES "

2E 140 PR1NT"CD0UN23"TABC 14VCC

B3SELECT OPTION"
ED 150 GETIS : IFIS< "0"ORIS> "5"TH

EN150
DA 160 I-UALCIS)

4B 170 ON I GOTO 175,1000,450,5
30.630

2E 175 PRINT "CCLR3UIHAT IS THE

HIGHEST LOCATION NUMBER"
6F 176 INPUT"TO BE USED";LL
2C 190 PRINT"CCLR3INITIALISING.

08 190 FOR 1-37632 TO 38143: PO

KE 1,0: NEXT:
CA 135 FORI-0TOCLL-103*10:POKE3

8144+ 1,0: NEXT : GOTO30
1A 200 INPUT"CCLR3LOCATION NUMB

ER";LO

56 510 B1=PEEKC37635-L03:B2-PEE

KC37888--L03
F5 550 PRINT"tCLR3LOCATION"-,LO
BD 530 PRINT"COOUN23"TABC9>"CSP

C33NCSPC33SCSPC33SCSPC33N U

D"

CF 240 PRINTTABC9D" N E E E 5 U
bJ U P N"

48 550 PRINTTA8C93"CCA,S*,CR,S*
, CR , S* , CR , S" , CR , S* , CR , 5* , CP ,

S" , CR , S* , CR , S- . CR , S* , CS3 "
EE 550 PRINTTABC9)"CS-3 CS-3 CS

-3 CS-3 CS-3 CS-3 CS-3 CS-3

CS-3 CS-3 CS-3"
8C 570 PRINTTABC9)"CCZ,S-,CE.S"
, CE , 5* , CE , S* , CE , S" . CE , 5* . CE ,

S- , CE , S* , CE , S* , CE , S* , CX3 "
4B 580 FORI-0TO9:POKEL1*54575*I i

■2,1 i NEXT

40 290 PRINT"CD0WN9, WHITE. YELLO
W,RU50N3SCRU50FF3 SET EXIT
CRUSON3CCRUSOFF3 REMOUE EXIT I
C RU50N3 -C RUSOFF 3 TO EXIT"

08 300 PRINT "LEFT AND RIGH CURS
OR KEYS TO MQUE CURSOR "

19 310 PRINT"CRUSON3-CRUSOFF3 E I
DIT ANOTHER LOCATIONCCB3 "

55 320 GOSUBG70

AS 330 SYSSA,LO,0,0, 10

IE 340 PL-LI

CI 350 GETIS: IFISO ""THEN3B0

ID 360 LC-PEEKCPL):POKEPL,PEEKC I

PL3OR128:FORD-1TO100:NEXT
AF 370 PCKEPL, LC: FORD" 1 TOl 00 : NE

XT:GOTO350
62 380 IF IS-"CRIBHT3"ANDPL<L1-

IB THEN PL-PL+2:GOTO350
30 390 IF IS-"CLEFT3"ANDPL>L1 T

HEN PL-PL-2:GOTO350
BF 400 IFIS-"C"THENPOKEPL, B7:G0 !

SUB740:GOTO360
FD 410 IF IS-"-"THEN60
A9 420 IFIS-"S"THENPOKEPL,B1:GO

SUB740:GOTO3G0
BD 430 IFIS-"""THEN1000
B5 440 GOTD350

4A 450 INPUT"CCLR3 INPUT LOCATIO
N " j LO

BD 451 PRINT"CYELLOti)3DIRECTIONC
SPC7 3 DEST I NAT I ONCDOUN3 "

5A 452 FORI«0TO9:PRINTDISCI>:NE'
XT

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
62

C64 PROGRAMMING

03 4B7 PRINT"CHOnE , DDUNB3 " : FORI

-0TCI3: 5Y55A+3, LD, I : PRINTTftBC

1B3PEEKC9013 : NEXT
□E 460 PRINT"CUIHITE3": SYS 50, L

□,0 t 0, 15
DD 470 PRINT; PRINT"CDOWN33 "TABC

B?"CC7,RU50N3'CRUSOFF3 DISPL

AY ANOTHER LOCATION"
IS 4B0 PRINTTABClEV'CRUSDNa-CRU
S0FF2 EXIT TO MAIN nENUCCBJ"

IF 430 GET IS; IFIS-""THEN 430
EF 500 IFIS-"-"THEN450
D7 510 IFIS-"-"THENBO
BE S20 GOTO430

fll 530 RESTORE: FOR 1-870 TO 3B
4: READ X; POKEI.X: T-T+X:NE
XT

3F 540 IF TO 5910 THEN PRINT "DA

TA ERROR": END
85 550 PRINT "CCLRD PLEASE NOTE L

AST LOCATION USED IS";LL
49 S5S INPUT "INPUT FILE NAME";

FIS

ED 560 1NPUT"CD0UN]DEUICE CB-OI

SK. . .1-CASSETTE)";DE
IB 570 PRINT"C00yN33SAUING TABL

ES "

DG 5B0 SYS B70 FIS . DE , E, 37G33 , 3

8154+LL-10
FF S90 GOTO 60

55 600 DATA 3E.S1E, 555,35,^53,1
74,35. 138, 173,35,547, 183, 165
,50,75, 165,51 ,75,35,553

CA 610 DATA 174,35,138,173,35.5
47, 183, 16S, 1 , 41 , 554, 133, 1 , 16
6,50, 154,51, 104, 133,51

CI 650 DATA 104,133,50,169,50,3
5,95,555,165,1,9,1,133,1.36

51 630 INPUT "CCLR3LAST LOCATIO
N USED";LL

B9 635 INPUT " INPUT FILE NAME" ;
FIS

7D 640 INPUT"CDOWN:DEUICE C8-0I
SK. . .X-CASSETTEV-.DE

F3 650 PRINT"CD0UJN3:L0ADING TAB
LES "

9C 6B0 A-1:GOTO10

3B 670 FOR I-0TO3: SYS35BB7 , LO, I

58 680 P-B7:IF PEEKC9005-555

THEN P-Bl
17 690 P0KEL3*I-S,P:NEXT
55 730 RETURN

BB 740 PRINT"CHOME,DOliJN10]":PRI

NTBLS: PRINTBLS
BC 750 B1-0;FORI-0TO7
AD 760 PU-PEEKCL1+I»5)
DG 770 B1-B1+ABSCPU-B1 3*5" I
BO 780 NEXT
34 790 B5-0; FORI-0TO1
A3 B00 PU-PEEKCL1-1G*I*ST
EC 810 BS-BS+ABSCPU-Bl )"5" I
BS 650 NEXT

OF 830 P0KEC3763S+LO3.Bl:P0KE(3

7BBB*L0>,B5
AS 840 .SYSSA,LO.0,0,10
DB B50 RETURN

3E 1000 PRINT'TCLR, DOUN53"

S3 1010 PRINTTAB(10J"CUHITED1.

SET UP EXITS"
A3 1050 PRINTTABC10)"S. SET UP

DESTINATIONS"
A3 1030 GETI S : IFIS< "1 "ORIS> "S"T

HEN1030
A4 1040 IFII-"1"THEN500
0C 1050 INPUT"CCLRDL0CATION NUM

BER" ; LO

F8 1060 PRINT"CD0UN5,lilHITE3"

AB 1070 SYSSA.LD, 0,0,5

E0 10B0 B1-PEEKC3763S*L0);BS-PE

EKC37B8B+L0)
A3 10S0 FORI-0TO7:BCI)-ABSCB1 A

ND 5" 13: NEXT
55 1100 F0RI-8T09:BCn-ABSCB5 A

ND B'<I-B3D:NEXT
14 1110 FORI-0TO9; IFBCI3-0THEND

CI3-0:GOTO113S
E5 1150 PRINTOISCIJ; :PRINT" DES

T I NAT I ON CNOU IS" PEEKC 38144

+LO-10+I) j
IB 1130 INPUT")"; DC I i
Fl 1135 NEXT

13 1140 FORI-0TO3:POKE 3E3144 + L0

•10+1 , DC 13 I NEXT
D4 1150 PRINT"CDOUN, YELLOW, RUSO

NJ-C RU50FF3 TO EX I TC5PC3, RU5

OND " CRU50FF3 ANOTHER LOCATIO

N"

0B 1160 GETIS: IFIS-"'-"THEN30
BC 1170 IFIS-"- "THEN1000
31 1180 GOTO11G0

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U-UII I ~l

REVIEWS

I.Q.

If you hate shooting aliens and feel that
you need something more intellectual to
stimulate your grey matter then look over
this selection of games.

LTIMA I

nyone who has ever played the excellent Ultima III or
even bigger and better Ultima IV will have wondered how it
all started. Playing these games is like watching a film that's
Blready hall way through but now you can find out how it all
began in this re-released version of the prequel. Ultima L
There was once a land called Sosaria thai prospered
under the rule of Lord British. Unfortunately, there wasalso
an evil Wizard called Mondain who grew in power until he
eventually invaded the land with an army of hideous

Inside towns and castles you can buy food and drink 10
keep you alive, a room to sleep off injury and exhaustion and
shops to buy equipment and weapons to prolong your quest.

As in the subsequent Ultima games you move around,
light and cast spells by pressing single key commands that
are detailed on a quick reference guide. This is supplied in the
display game box with the disk, booklet of spells and
monsters, colour maps of the realm and a small bag of coins.

Ultima I has been rewritten and speeded up for this
relaunch and is a must for Ultima adventurers. You may
find it a little easy after III and IV but it's Still a challenging
quest that will lead you to the stars (I'm not sayinganymorc.
you'll have to find out the rest yourself). Coming soon
Ultima II and then V! ' T.H.

Touch tine:

Title: Ultima 1. Supplier: Origin (Micropore) 2 Market
Place, Tetbary. Gloucestershire GL8 8DA. Tel: 0666
54326. Machine: C64. Price: £19.95 (disk only). Originality:
7/1(1 Playabitity: 7/10. Graphics: 4/ 10. Value: 7/10.
Graphics: 4/10. Value: 7/10.

■ i

« t u

II. t<

* ood

Exp .

(Oil,

I Hi

ALTERNATIVE REALITY

monsters that quickly crushed all resistance. Sosaria now
desperately needs a hero to challenge the Wizard and free
the land.

If you haven't already guessed you're the hero and you
have to complete this quest on your own. As the game begins
you can define your character by assigning an extra 30
points to the existing values (ten) that decide your strength.
Bgility, stamina, charisma, wisdom and intelligence before
choosing whether to be a human, ell , dwarf or bobbit and if
you're a lighter, thief, wizard or cleric. Once you've decided
who and what you are. you head lor the great ouldoorsand a
femiliar Ultima w ilderness screen littered with towns, castles
and dungeons. Enter one of these and the screen will change
to show the rooms of the building.

J^magine all your worst nightmares joined together, and
there is a fair chance that most of them will materialise in the
Dungeon. Hidden somewhere beneath the City of Xebec's
Demise you lind yourself in the middle of a bitter conflict
with evil proliferating around you. Can you survive long
enough to discover how you can turn this discord to your
advantage?

The Dungeon is the second scenario in Data soft's
Alternate Reality series. It follows on from the City but you
do not need to own this game in order to play. The story is
thai you have been kidnapped by an alien spacecraft. You
find yourself in a room with only one exit which leads into an
alternate reality.

As you leave the room, a panel of quickly rotating
numbers freeze and your character statistics are generated.

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987

65

REVIEWS

These are strength, intelligence, wisdom, stamina, charm,
skill, wealth and hit points. A high figure for hit points - the
amount of damage that your body can sustain is
recommended.' You will not have time to judge any of the
other statistics. There are several other characteristics being
monitored that you arc not told about but must discover as
you go. Moral alignment and weapon proficiency would
seem to be included.

As you start out. you find yourself by a shop and
should take the opportunity to equip your character as best
as your few silver pieces will allow with weapons, provisions
and clothes. You can haggle lor better prices but don't make
too low an offer or you will be thrown out on your ear. A
club is a useful first weapon.

As you wander down thccorridorsandexplorerooms.it
will not be long before you encounter someone or
something. What happens next depends on who surprised
who. You can try to transact with the creature, attack it or
run away, l-ach of these options leads into a further menu of
choices. For example, if you choose transact, then you can
offer something such as treasure, talk your way out or a
light, trick your opponent or just try to engage him in
normal conversation.

The 'typical encounters* range include paupers, healers,
thieves, mages, trolls and goblins (who are at war), the
undead. dragons and devils. Remember that if you make a
friend somewhere, the chances are that you have made an
enemy somewhere else.

Doors lead off in all directions. Most open easily but
Some require brute strength, a key or the ability to break an
enchantment before they yield. Just because you can't see
them doesn't mean thai they are not there. There are
hundreds of secret doors and you will just have to keep
walking into walls in order to find out where they are. Or
you could use magic.

Magic comes in many guises. If you join a guild (if you
can find one in the first place) you can learn the art of spell
casting, for a hefty fee of course. Treasure gleaned from
vanquished opponents often contains magical items.
Potions, wands, tomes, scrolls, trump cards, magic eves and
horns all feature prominently.

Of course, not all treasure isgood treasure. Quiica bit of
it is cursed, and in which case you will need to repair your
guild in order to have the curse removed. Other
occupational hazards include catching diseases, being
poisoned, getting hungry, thirsty or tired or suffering from
extremes of temperature.

Although survival is your initial aim, as you progress,
you ilnd that there are various quests that you can
undertake. A prisoner wants rescuing, a golden apple needs
delivering and you need to find two halves of a ring, forge
them together and then destroy the ring in the fires of the
oracle.

The dungeon is displayed in 3-D with large illustrations
representing special areas such as shops, guilds, the oracle
and so on. In size, the Dungeon is a third bigger than the
City. Spread over four levels, level one is on a 64x64 grid
with successive levels each being a quarter of the size of the
one above. This means that accurate mapping is essential. A
starter map is included and it is suggested that you
photocopy this. Certainly, you will make many mistakes. I
found whole areas that I just could not match up and it was
not a case of being only one square out either. Teleporis. one
way doors and mazes only add to your problems.

The game is immensely playable, although expect to kill
off a few characters until you get your bearings. One of the
complaints levelled against the city was that disk
management was very poor and this is something that has
now been sorted out- My one grumble is that the save
routine is a little clumsy. After saving, it would be nice to be
able to resume straight away rather than having to reload
the character, but I can live with that.

The description above has only touched on a few of the
features of the game. The Dungeon oozes atmosphere and as
such, must be one of the best role-playing games on the
market today. If the next five modules in the series are
anywhere near as good, then fans of this type of game have a
treat in store. G.R.H.

Touch! bw:

Title: Alternate Hea/ity - Pic Dungeon.

Supplier: Datasoft/US Gold, Unit 2/5 llolford Way,

Ihiljonl. Birmingham B6 7 AX. Tel: 021-356 3388.

Machine: C64 - disk only. Price: £19.95.

Originality: 9/ 10. Graphics: 7/10. Play-ability: 10/10.

Value: 9/10

CONFLICTS 1

here's a treat in store for wargame fans with the release
of three of PSS's best known games on one compilation
tape. The games are about as different in subject matter as it
is possible to get - an air battle, an assault on an island and
the defence of an entire continent.

Battle of Britain takes you back to 1940 as you try to pit
the limited resources of the RAF against the might of the
Hitler's Luftwaffe. The game can be played on three levels
ranging from a training game to a fully blown thirty day
campaign.

"file display is a map of southern England and you arc
responsible for scrambling squadrons of Spitfires and
Hurricanes to counteract the threats of the German fighters
and bombers. Not every squadron is available to you as
weather conditions play an important part of the game -
airfields may be fogbound. The problem is to get a squadron
into the air. put it on a course where you think it will
intercept the enemy and then after it has attacked, direct it to

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
66

REVIEWS

land so thai it can refuel and rearm. That is simple enough
for one squadron but becomes a nightmare when you have
eighteen to control, all in real lime. There is an optional
arcade sequence in which you sit in a Spitfire cockpit trying
to shoot marauding Messerschmidts.

Theatre Europe was the game that brought fame and
notoriety to PSS. Set in the near future, it simulates an attack
by the Eastern block against the combined forces of Nato.
The controversy was caused by the fact that you have a
nuclear strike capability, either limited or full scale. There
were howls of protest from the anti-nuclear brigade and the
people who thought that all wargames encouraged
bellicosity and ought to be banned. As is usual in these cases,
everyone missed the point entirely.

Whichever side you play, il soon becomes apparent that
using the nuclear option is a losing one, insomuch that both
sides escalate everything it becomes goodbye world as we
know it. That said, there is still enough in this game to keep
you thinking. You must keep your troops supplied, use your
airborne forces to their best advantage and decide whether
to use chemical weapons. All this on top of lighting a ground
battle on a massive scale. There are seven different air
missions that you can fly ranging from reconnaissance to
attacking enemy supply units.

Falkland* 82 has five different levels of play. You must
decide where on the island you are going to land vour forces
and then you only have a limited amount of time in which to
clear the island of Argentinian forces. Wise use ofyourSAS
and SBS forces for reconnoitring purposes should help you
here.

Each unit has attack and defence factors, a movement
allowance and attacking range. For example, a battery
cannot move very far each turn but can attack from long
range, whereas the Paras have to be next to their opponents
before committing themselves to battle. After an attack, you
may well, depending on conditions, be able to summon up
an airstrike or request naval gunfire to help you. Time is
limited, especially on the harder levels and the task of
liberating all the settlements is no easy one. especially as you
don't know the disposal of the enemy forces.

All three games are very well presented and easy to
control, being by and large menu driven. Whereas they lack
the complexity of some fully blown wargames. they more
than make up for it by being very easy to get into and
retaining a high degree of payability. As such, they are
highly recommended to beginners and newcomers of this
fascinating art. G.R.H.

TomMine:

Title: Conflicts. Supplier: PSS. Tel: 0203 667556. Machine:
C64. Price: CI 2.95 (ca), £17.95 (tl).

Originality: 8/10. Phyability: 8/10. Graphics: 7/10. Value:
8/10.

STATIONFALL

y

JL our career still hasn't developed the way that you
envisaged when you joined the Stellar Patrol some five years
ago. You started off as Ensign seventh class, sweeping the
decks of space ships. Then, by some quirk of fate, and more
than a little skill on your part, you manage to save a planet.
Promotion came fast. You are now a lieutenant first-class
but still the excitement promised in the glossy brochures
when you joined the patrol is nowhere to be found.

Look at your present asignment. Hop over to
some remote space station and pick up a supply of
Request for Stellar Patrol Issue Regulation Black Form
Binders Request Forms. Hardly the stuff of which legends
are made, is it? Your eyes light up a bit when you go to pick
up your robot, as one of your three available choices is Floyd
who assisted you so ably when you rescued Resida (as detailed
in Planetlall). He is delighted to see you again and begs to be
picked. How could you refuse such an offer?

Completing the paperwork as quickly as possible (in
triplicate ol course) you set the autopilot in your spacetruck
and sit back until you arrive at the space station. You are a
trifle surprised to find that there is no-one there to greet you.
As you explore, you quickly discover that the entire station
is deserted. Even Plato, another robot that Floyd makes
friends with is surprised to see you but isn't too sure why.

Wandering around the station, the only clue that you
find is in a tape of the Captain's log which has entries about
the arrival of a strange alien spaceship which seemed
to coincide with a progressive series of malfunctions in every
piece of technical equipment. Your worst fears are confirmed
when you are attacked by a homicidal hull repair droid.

As is usual with Infocom games, the story is lovingly
crafted. It is impossible not to fall for Floyd, nuisance that
he is as he creeps up noisily behind you to shout 'boo"
lovingly in your ear. The descriptions of locations and
objects are wonderful and no-one has mastered the art of
guessing the players' 'incorrect inputs' and answering them
back in a similar vein - quite like Infocom.

Their parser though, once the wonder of adventurers
everywhere is beginning to look somewhat frayed round the
edges, especially when compared to the likes of Magnetic-
Scrolls. For example, a phrase like 'gel the tape and examine
it\ won't work as the parser assumes that you are trying to
get something called an 'examine'.

I can't see any adventurer being disappointed, especially
if they enjoyed Planetfall. The packaging, which includes a
sew-on patch, a set of blue prints and your mission's
instruction dockets, just helps to create the atmosphere of
yet another excellent Infocom adventure. G.R.H.

Touchllne;

Title: Stat ionf all. Supplier: Infocom (Act/vision). Tel: 01-431
1 101. Machine: C64 -disk only. Price: £24.99.
Originality: 8/10.

Graphics: N/A. Ptayahility: 9/10. Value: 8/10.

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
67

C64 PROGRAMMING

Making
Music

The second installment of our music series continues
coverage of the 64' s sound chip, SID. and explains how
to play tunes on your Commodore.

By Peter Gerrard

ou will find in your Commodore
64 manual a list of high and low value
frequencies for a number of notes.
They're on page 161. if you've lost
them! Here we are concerned with
locations (V+0) and (V+l), which will
contain the low and high order value
frequency respectively.

Say we want to play the note C-3. A
glance at the table reveals that the high
value frequency is an 8. and the low
value frequency is a 97. So, in order to
play that note the final line of our
program becomes:

30 POKE V+0,97:POKE V+1,8

Obviously, the V+0 could be
abbreviated to just V if you wanted.
To play any other note, just alter the
low and high value frequencies in line
30 (values between 0 and 255). To alter
the waveform, alter the number in line
25 (remembering to alter the pulse
width as well if you select a pulse
waveform), choosing between 17, 33.
65 and 129. To alter the ADSR
settings, fiddle with the values in line
20 (values between 0 and 255). and to
alter the volume jus* change the value
in line 15 (values between 0 and 15
only, please, for now).

When you're satisfied with creating

a few simple noises or notes, we'll
travel onwards and lake a look at
producing some harmonies, using all
three voices.

In Harmony

Producing notes with all three voices is
not that much more difficult than
producing notes with one. Having
gone through the effort in the last
section of setting up a simple note, let
us now take a look at some simple
ground rules when operating with all
three voices.

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
68

C64 PROGRAMMING

Volume

This, unfortunately, has to be the same
lor all three voices, and if the control
register is set at 15 then all three will be
pumping out their notes at maximum
volume. However, by using different
waveforms and playing notes from
different octaves, one can create the
effect of different volumes for the
different voices. A low note played
using a triangle waveform will sound
much quieter than a high note played
using a sawtooth waveform, for
example.

ADSR

These can be different for the three
voices, and it is usually a good idea to
make use of this fact when playing
notes in harmony. Harmonic effects
are probably heard to their best effect
when notes are sustained for a
reasonable length of time, rather as
one would expect on an organ, and so
in our program to follow we'll be doing
precisely that. Attack and decay rates,
however, are probably best left up to
the requirements of the individual
voices.

Remembering that musical
notation refers to notes as C. D. E, F,
G, A. B and then back to C again, one
octave further up. of course!

To produce a simple chord of C
then, we'll take the following high and
low value frequencies:

Note Low Value

C 24
E 163
G 35

From that you can probably work out
the relationship between frequency
and high and low values. Multiply the
high value by 256 (now there's an
unfamiliar number!)and add the result
to the low value. This gives us the
frequency value. So why are frequency
values easier to work with? Well, if we
wanted to play our chord in a higher
octave, say the next octave up the
scale, we would multiply the
frequencies by 2; this is the
relationship between notes in different
octaves. To go up another octave then,
we'd multiply the frequency by 2
again. It's a lot easier multiplying one

number by 2 than it is multiplying two
numbers and trying to extrapolate a
result from that!

So. having got the values, let's take
a look at our program, bearing in mind
that we're going to be using all three
voices, and that the control registers
that look after each voice come in
blocks of seven. That is, if we use our
variable V=54272, we'll see that the
waveform for voice one is controlled
by register (V+4), for voice two by
(V+4+7 or V+ll).

Waveforms

Once more we can make use of the
facilities available with the SID chip
and use different waveforms for each
of the voices. However, the white noise
waveform is not going to be an awful
lot of use if we're going to be
attempting to produce intricate,
pleasant sounding harmonies, so for
the purpose of this exercise we'll stick
to just triangle, sawtooth or pulse.

Note Values

Fortunately all of these are worked out
for you in the Commodore 64 manual,
and as well as giving youthehigh value
and low value frequencies for each
note over some seven octaves, they
also give you the value of the note in
cycles per second. This is related to the
frequency values in quite a simple
fashion, but it can be of more use to us,
especially when lengthy tunes or more

High Value Frequency

2 536

2 675

3 803

advanced programming methods are
encountered.

When playing in harmony, it is
probably best to stick to some
straightforward rules. One doesn't
have to be a Mozart to realise that C
and C Sharp when played in
conjunction with D are not going to
sound very' harmonious. Consequently,
in these early experiments we'll stick
with playing some very simple chords.
Simple, but they do produce a very
pleasing result. We'll start with a very
straightforward chord, played in the
key of C, and using the notes of C, E
and G for our three voices, and for

voice three by (V+4+7+7 or V+18).
This enables us to set up a simple FOR
... NEXT loop to look after all three
voices.

The Program

As before, we'll Hush out the entire
SID chip contents first before we start
by setting the variable V and turning
the volume on.

5 FOR 1=0 TO 24:POKE 54272+1.0:

NEXT

10 V=54272

15 POKE V+24.15

So far so good, and exactly the same as
before. Now let's set the ADSR
sequences up for the three voices.

20 POKE V+5.9:POKE V+6,240

21 POKE V+12,9:POKE V+13,240

22 POKE V+I9,33:P0KE V +20,36

There is no great significance to any of
those values, other than that we have
used quite a long sustain and release
for each one. Now to set the
waveforms.

25 FOR 1=0 TO 2:POKE V+I*7+
0:NEXt I

26 POKE V+4,l7:POKE V+ll
33:POKE V+18. 65

27 POKE V+I6.0:POKE V+17,255

The only difference now is that we're
using different waveforms forall three,
and that voice three is using the pulse
waveform. Finally, we need to play the
actual notes, like this:

30 POKE V+0.24:POKE V+1.2

31 POKE V+7,I63:P0KE V+8,2

32 POKE V+I4,35:POKE V+I5.3

The result is hopefully a pleasant
sounding chord.

From here it is but a simple matter
to play different chords in different
keys. All you'll need to do is to look up
the high and low values frequencies in
the manual, and remember that chords
tend to go in jumps of two notes at a
time. That is. something like C, E.Gas
we've played here, or D. F, A for a
chord of D. or G, B, D for a chord in
G. and so on. You are welcome, of
course, to experiment with discordant

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987

C64 PROGRAMMING

chords, if you can have such a thing,
but remember that you might get on
very well with your neighbours at the
moment and that I won't be
responsible for any untoward results.

Bearing in mind the techniques
used here (and in particular the use of a
FOR ... NEXT loop and the
relationship between the three voices)
it is but a simple step to go from notes
and chords to proper tunes. There are
many ways of extracting a tune from
your Commodore 64. and in the next
installment we'll take a look at some
of the easiest methods.

Playing Tunes

Using the material that we've covered
so far, there is really only one thing
further that you need to know in order
to be able to play some tunes on your
Commodore 64 — the notes we're
going to play.

Later on we'll be using a modified
synthesiser program to do all this for
us, but for now we'll slick to some very
simple things that most people will
either know before typing in or
recognise when played. Having got as
far as using three voices we will
continue to use them, and we may as
well stick to the waveforms and ADSR
envelope shapes that we've already set
up. So. our program begins like this;

5 FOR 1=0 TO 24:POKE 54272+1,0:

NEXT

10 V=54272

15 POKE V+24,15

20 POKE V+5,9:POKE V+6,240

21 POKE V+I2.9:POKE V+13.240

22 POKE V+I9,33:P0KE V+20,36

25 FOR 1=0 TO 2:POKE V+I*7+4,0
:NEXT I

26 POKE V+4.17:POKE V+11,33:
POKE V+18,65

27POKE V+I6.0:POKE V+17.255

So far so good and so far. familiar.
We won't yet carry on to include the
three lines from the last section that
actually played a chord, we'll consider
what notes we are going to plav first of
all.

A familiar enough tune to
everybody must be the 'theme' used in
Close Encounters of the Third Kind
when the aliens and humans finally
establish some sort of communication

and produce a welter of sound and
lighting effects that would do justice to
an Electric Light Orchestra concert.
The five all-important notes are D, E,
C from one octave, and from an octave
further down we have C and G. The
five notes are played in that order, and
since they also have more or less the
same duration, we can concentrate on
the notes for now and worry about the
duration afterwards.

It really is about time to forget
about high value and low value
frequencies, and to turn permanently
to true frequency values, or the
number of cycles per second for each
particular note. For the five notes in
our Close Encounters theme, the
frequency values are as follows:

100 DATA 1204.1351. 1432. 536.
803

101 DATA -1

The-1 data element in line 101 will
serve to tell the program that we've run
out of data and are not going to be
playing any more notes. If we add the
following lines to our main program,
we'll be able to produce a simple tune:

30 READ F:IF F=-l THEN FOR
1=0 TO 24:POKE V+1,0:NEXT
LEND

31 FH=INT(F/256):FL=F-FH*256

32 FOR 1=0 TO 2

33 POKE V+I*7.FL:POKE
V+I»7+I,FH

34 NEXT I
40 GO TO 25

This, as you will soon realise, does
not produce a very sensible tunc, and
we do need to introduce some form of
delay before going back to line 25 and
getting the next note, a line something
like line 35 would suffice for now:

35 FOR 1+0 TO I000:NEXT I

A one second delay occurs between
notes. But wouldn't it be better if we
were to lei the program produce the
delay for us. rather than just having a
one second delay all the time? Here's
just one way of doing that:

100 DATA

1 204.50. 1 35 1 ,50. 1432.50,536.50.
803.1(H)

and amending line 35 to read:

35 READ DE:FOR 1=1 TO
DE*20:NEXT I

This gives us much more control
over the duration of each of the notes,
hut is still a long way from being really
satisfactory. We can only achieve this
through much trial and error, or
removing the programming side of
things altogether and letting the
person running the program do the
job. If we had our original tine 100
back again which is :

100 DATA 1204.1351 1432. 536. 803

we could insert yet another new line
35 to read:

35 GET A$:IF A$ < > " " THEN
35

In which case we would wait for the
person running the program to press
the space bar before proceeding on to
play the next note. However, this is still
using alot of the 64*s musical
capabilities, and in order to make each
voice play the note in a different key,
we would have to make something like
this:

31 FH=INT(F/256):FL=F-FH*256

32 FOR 1=0 TO 2

33 POKE V+I*7,FL:POKE
V+I*7+I.FH

34 NEXT I

into:

31 FOR 1=0 TO

2:F=F*2t I:FH=INT(F/256):FL=F-
FH*256

32 REMark is now redundant

33 POKE V+I*7,FL:POKE
V+I*7+1,FH

34 NEXT !

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
70

C64 PROGRAMMING

Each voice now plays its note in a
successively higher octave, the new
Irequency value being determined by
the statement F=F*2 I I in line 31,
since this will give us the value Fon the
first pass through the loop when I is
equal to zero. F*2 when I is equal to
one, and finally F*4 when I is equal to
two. Raising two to the power of I is a
useful shortstep to producing the
desired frequency.

But all this is concerned with
producing simple notes, albeit in
different octaves. How might we go
about producing a three-part
harmony, still using our Close
Encounters data and no more? For this
we have to try and understand the
relationship between individual notes,
since we do not want to spend the rest
of our days working out vast numbers
6f different frequency values.

Note to Note

We've already noticed that octaves are
separated by a frequency value of two.
That is. C in one octave lias half the
frequency of C in the next octave, a
quarter that of C in the next octave
again, and so on. Unfortunately for us
there isn't a convenient number of
notes from one C to the next, since
there is only a gap of six notes between
Cs, or seven notes (including the C
itself) in total.

A simple, but not entirely
satisfactory solution, would be to
divide the difference between two
octaves into sevenths, and use these
values for our chords of D. E. C, C
again and G for the Close Encounter
theme. Alas (as you'll discover if you
try it out) this does not work out
exactly. Those little black notes have a
habit of getting in the way.

Fortunately there is a mathemat-
ical expression for getting the
Irequency of the next note up the scale,
provided you know the frequency of
the proceeding note, and it works like
this. Assume that F is the frequency of
the note, not yet converted into high
and low values to be POKHd into
memory. Then, if we assign this to, say.
C. then the frequency of the note D in
the same octave is found by the
expression:

FN=INT(F*2 1(1/6))

A mite complicated, but it does
work! For example, the frequency of a
particular C in a particular octave is

given as 1072 cycles per second.
Applying this to our formular above
gives us the new frequency of 1203.
Not exactly the value given in the
manual (which is 1204) but close
enough, and those in the manual are
never meant to be taken as gospel
anyway.

So once more unto the breach, and
instead of spreading our three voices
over different octaves, we'll now get
them playing in harmony by
introducing the following changes to
the program:

31 FOR 1=0 TO 2:1F 1=0 THEN
FH=INT(F/256):FL=F-
FH*256:GOTO33

32 F=INT(F*2 t <2/(I2/(I*2+l))))

33 POKE V+I*7.FL:POKE
V+I*7+I,FH

34 NEXT I

Now doesn't that look wonderfully
complicated? It's quite simple, really,
don't panic! On the first pass through
the loop nothing untoward happens-,
because we just want the orignal value
of the frequency. Second time around,
remembering that a chord of D will
consist of the notes D, F, A, we want to
be two notes higher up. In other words,
replace the original (1/6) by (1/3),
which, believe it or not, is what alt the
rigmarole above does. On the final
pass through the loop we want the
frequency of the note that is four notes
up from our original D, but since we
cannot have (1/6) replaced by (1/1.5)
we have to do evervthing in fractions
of 12.

The main thing is that it works.
Also a few of the variations on a theme
that can be achieved by using just five
data times. By playing in different
octaves, or by producing chords, we
begin to get some idea of the power
behind the 64. But this isn't of course,
the only method of playing tunes on
the machine, and so for the rest of this
particular section we'll be taking a
look at one or two other examples of
tune playing. After that. well, the light
relief is over and we turn to theory in
our attempts to get the most out of the
SID chip.

Tuning up

Here's the first of just two different
methods of playing simple tunes on the
64 from data statements, without any
guidance at all. because you should be

getting familiar with the registers and
their locations and functions by now.
Play with them, embellish them,
because it is only by doing that that
you'll really begin to understand the
workings of SID.

10 V=54272

20 POKE V+24.15

30 POKE V-l-5,9

40 POKE V+6.0

50 POKE V+2,255

60 POKE V+3,20

70 POKE V+4.65

80 READ A.B.C

90 I F A < I THEN 200

100 POKE V+I.B

110 POKE V.C

120 FOR 1=1 TO A»50:NEXT I
130 FOR 1=0 TO 23:POKE
V+I,0:NEXT
140 GOTO 20
150 DATA

5,22.227,5,22.227,5.25.177,10,21,154
152 DATA 2,22.227.7.25,177
154 DATA

5.28.214.5.28,214.5.30.141,10,28,214
156 DATA 2,25,177,7,22,227
158 DATA

5.25.177,5,22,227,5,21,154,10,22.
227,0,0,0

200 FOR 1=0 TO 24:POKE
V+I.0:NEXT:END

One way of doing things: you may
(I hope) spot the "tune* being played,
which makes me sound like Lionel
Blair I suppose, but that's the only
similarity between us, I assure you!

For our final example, here's a
slightly different way of achieving the
odd sound effect or two:

10 V =54272

20 POKE V+24.15

30 POKE V+5.9:POKE

V+12,36:POKE V+19,255

40 POKE V+6.0: POKE

V+I3.36:POKE V+20.70

45 POKE V+3,A:POKE V+10.15

46 POKE V+2,20:POKE V+9.20
50 POKE V+4,65:POKE
V+ll,l29:POKE V+18,129

60 FOR 1=0 TO 40:POKE
V+l.I:POKE V+7.4:POKE
V+15.3:NEXT I

70 A=A + I0:1F A>250 THEN A=0
80 FOR 1=0 TO 23:POKE
V+I.0:NEXT I
90 GOTO 30

95 FOR 1=0 TO 24: POKE
54272+I.0:NEXT

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
71

C64 PROGRAMMING

Press the RUN/STOP key to gel
out of this one, and then enter GOTO
95 to shut everything up.

There arc many weird and
wonderful sound effects that can be
achieved by 'mucking' about with just
the things that we've learnt about so
far. Try altering the various
parameters in this, and other
programmes, to see what the effect
might be.

When we start considering the
more advanced techniques available to
us on the 64. such as filtering, ring
modulation, synchronisation, not only
will we be able to start producing ever-
more wonderful effects, but we will
also be on the path to producing a true
synthesiser, involving the simulation
of different musical instruments, and
much more besides. However, before
we can talk about musical
impersonation we need to know a
great deal more about how various
work, and in particular how different
instruments produce the sound that
they do.

Consequently, in the next section,
we'll be looking in some detail at
ADSR envelopes, and how changing
them can produce a wide variety of
different and unusual sounds and how.
combined with a selection of different
waveforms and one or two other
parameters, we can really start to
realise the potential of the 64 and its
SID chip.

Attack Decay Sustain Release

In order to enhance the quality of any
musical performances that we might
achieve by using the Commodore 64.a
thorough understanding of the
envelope shape of a voice, or the
ADSR setting is essential. The simple
definitions that we have already given
for the phrases Attack. Decay, Sustain
and Release will tell us what they
mean, but will not explain precisely
how they operate. Consider the
following program:

10 V=54272

20 POKE V+24.15

30 POKE V+4,0:POKE V+4.33

40 POKE V+5.9:POKE V+6.0

50 POKE V+U0:POKE V.10

This produces a note of a certain
frequency playing using the sawtooth
waveform, and having an
Attack/Decay setting of nine
combined with a Sustain/Release
setting of zero. The note, as you will

hear, soon dies away to nothing.
However, if we alter line 40 to read:

40 POKE V+5,33:POKE V+6.49

Now the note does not immediately
die away, and indeed sounds rather
different. A more substantial program
should illustrate how the various
settings of ADSR can be combined to
produce some very different effects.
Later on, wc shall be looking at the
workings of the two registers that
control the entire envelope shape of
the note (for voice one only, they work
in exactly the same way for voices two
and three).

10 V=54272

15 FOR 1=0 TO 24:POKE

V+I,0:NHXT I

20 POKE V+24.15

25 A=I:D=I:S=I:R=I:W:=I

30 PRINT"[CLR|"

35 PRINT"[HOME|Attack Decay

Sustain Release W/Form"

40PR1NTTAB(4)ATAB( 1 1 )DTAB

(I9)STAB(28)RTAB(37)W*16(+I

45 POKE 198.0

50 GETAS:IFA$=""THEN50

55IFA$="A"THENA=A+1:IFA=17

THENA=0

60IFA$="D"THEND=D+1:IFD=17
THEND=0

65IFAS="S"THENS=S+I:IFS=17
THENS=0

70IFA$="R"THENR=R+1:IFR=17
THENR=0

75IFA$="W , THENW=W':IFW=16
THENW= 1

80 POKE V+5.A*16+D:POKE

V+6,S*I6+R

85 POKE V+4,0:POKE

V+4.W*l6+l:POKE V+2.40:POKE

V+3.40

90 POKE V+1,20:POKE V+0.20
95 GOTO 35

A fairly straightforward program,
but it illustrates the point. After setting
up the variable V the program then
displays the current sellings of Attack.
Decay. Sustain and Release on the
screen before waiting for the user to
press a key. Pressing the 'A' key
increases the attack setting. D the
decay setting, S the sustain setting and
R the release setting. Finally, pressing
W changes the waveform, should you
choose to do so.

The ADSR settings are POKEd
into place in line 80. before line 85
takes care of the waveform (and sets a
low pulse frequency and a high pulse
frequency, if required), before the note
itself is at last played by line 90.

You might care to add to the
program, so that different pulse
frequencies can be selected, or
different notes played. The changes are
not too difficult, and since we've taken
the precaution of having our line
numbers increase in steps of five
there's plenty of room for additonal
statements to be inserted if required.
These will probably be along the lines
of IF AS='*something or other"
THEN increase some variable. Not
perhaps, the most elegant way of
programming, but it will suffice for
this simple example.

Now for a few words of
explanation. You'll sec that the
waveforms arc set to values of 1 , 2. 4 or
8. By multiplying this by 16 and adding
I we arrive at our more familiar values
of 17, 33, 65 and 129.

You will note that the various
ADSR settings never progress beyond
16. This is because the two control
registers that look after these settings
are obviously, dual purpose ones, and
operate in this fashion.

AAAADDDD
SSSSRRRR
128 064 032 016 008 004 002 001
008 004 002 001 008 004 002 001

In each case, the first four bits of
each byte are used to control one
setting, the second four looking after
the other settings. To take the
Attack/Decay register for now. since
the Sustain/Release one works in
exactly the same way. we will sec that
the maximum value of the Decay
setting is actually 1 5, coming from the
addition of (8+4+2+1). Sixteen
possible settings then, force 0 through
to 15.

It might appear that the value of
the Attack can vary from 0 to
(128+64+32+ 16) or 240, coveringsuch
values as 48, 160. etc., on the way.
However, adding all those
combinations up gives us, yes. fifteen
different settings, or sixteen if you
include zero option. How much easier
it is to think of settings ranging from 0
to 15 again (rather than 0 to 240 and
obscure points inbetween) and then
mutliply the end result by 16 to arrive
at the higher value. If you check all the

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
72

C64 PROGRAMMING

possibilities through, you'll soon see
that this much neater system works
very well.

It is important to understand this
principle, because we will be using it
again when we come to some of the
other multi-purpose (not just dual,
cither!) registers in the sections on ring
modulation, synchronisation and
filtering.

Just think in terms of bits and bytes
and our earlier discussion about how a
byte is made up on an 8-bit computer.

Having heard what the ADSR
settings do, you might be wondering
how to go about converting these
settings into passable impersonations
of musical instruments. Well, the
Commodore 64 manual gives us some
hints such as:

Instrument Impersonation

Instrument Waveform

Attack/Decay

Sustain/Release

Pulse Rate

Piano Pulse

9

0

Hi+0, Lo+255

Harpsichord Sawtooth

9

0

Accordian Triangle

102

0

Do these sound like the real thing,
if you use the values in our little
program given earlier? About as much
as I sound like Frank Sinatra, which is
not alot, believe me. No, there is a lot
more to impersonating musical instru-
ments than just fiddling about with
ADSR sellings, although they are
obviously important.

As a starting point, though, they
will have to suffice, and although we'll
be taking a few more steps in the next
couple of sections, try for now to think
about the sound produced by the

instruments mentioned above. A
piano, for instance, produces a very
sharp note, which is sustained for a
while, and then usually decays
away quite slowly. How would
you go about selling up the ADSR
envelope for something like that?

Well, in all these cases it is alot
easier to visualise something than it is
to try and describe it, so the following
program should be of some help when
it comes to thinking upsuitable ADSR
settings.

PPDGPOd: ft -J UP Sr I I iriLSE

EB 5 POKE532B0,9:POKE53EB1.7:PR
INT"CCLR3"CHRSC 14) "C BLACK ,5fi
,SD,SS,SR3 CSS3ETTINGS ..."

CB B PRINT : PR I NT "CSU 3 HEN REQUE5
TED, ENTER THE [SA3 /C5D3 /C55
3/CSR3

AD 7 PR I NT "SETTINGS FOR YOUR NO

TE, FOLLOWED BY THE
47 B PR I NT "UAUEFDRfl , AND THEN T

HE FREQUENCY OF THE
05 9 PR I NT "NOTE ITSELF . " : GOTO10

0

AC 10 P0KES3S72,PEEKC53272)ORB
05 IE POKE 53E55,PEEKC53£65)0R3

a

3D 13 GOTOIB: REH YE5 I KNOW IT'

S THE HOST UNSTRUCTURED PROG

RAH IN THE WORLD!
16 14 FORI-8192TO161S1:POKEI,0:

NEXT: RETURN
Bl IB PRINT"CCLR3";
FC 80 F0RI-B19ET01E191:P0KEI ,0:

NEXT

E0 55 Y-E0: X-40:

6E 60 R-INTCY/B):C-INTCX/8)

AS 65 L-YAND7

03 70 B-7-CXAN07)

D5 7S BYTE-819E+CR-3E0)+CC - 8)+L

53 B0 POKEBYTE, PEEKC BYTE)QRC2" B

A9 Bl Y-Y*l : IFY<B5THEN60

25 BE Y-Y-1:X-X+1: I FX<S61THEN60

9C 83 X-40:Y-84:X1-X+A»4:Y1-2O:
RATIO-64/CX1-X+13 : 6O5UB300

54 84 X-X1:Y-Y1:X1-X1*D»4:Y1-5E
: RATI 0— C 3E / C X 1 - X* 1 ) 3 : G0SUB3
00

0A B5 X-Xl: Y-Y1:X1-X1*S*4:Y1-5S

:RATIO-1:GOSUB350
BC SB X-X1:Y-Y1:X1-X1*RE-4:Y1-B

4 : RAT 1 0— C 3E/ C X 1 -X+l 3 ) : GDSUB

300

BC 90 GETAS: I FAS" " "THEN90

7A BE IFAS-"~"THENP0KES326S,27:

POKE 53S7E, El : RETURN
E0 94 GOTO90

EF 100 PRINTCHRS(14):PRINT"CSN3
OU JUST HANG ON A UHILE ..."

ED 101 G05UB14

27 10S PRINT"CCLR,SA3TTACK C5D3
ECAY CSS3USTAIN CSR JELEA5E C
SU3AUEF0R""

B6 103 PRINTTABC 13ATABCQ JDTABt 1
S)STABC23)RETAB<31)IJF

04 104 PRINT: lNPUT"r.5A3TTACK C
0-15KSPC6, LEFT63" ; A: IFA<0OR
A>1STHENPRINT"CUPE3"; :60T01B
0

41 105 INPUT"C5O3ECAYC5PC33C0-1
5)C5PC6,LEFT63";D: IFD<0ORD>1
5THENPRINT"CUP3"; ;GOTO105

IB 110 INPUT"CSS3USTAIN C0-15H
SPC6,LEFT63";S: I FS< 0ORS> 15TH
ENPRINT"[UP3"; :G0T0U0

F8 115 INPUT"C5R3ELEASE (0-155C
SPC6, LEFT63 " ; RE: IFRE<0ORRE> 1
STHENPRINT"CUP3"; :G0I0115

7A 116 PRINT:PRINT"CSA3NY MORE
CHANGES CCSY3 OR CSN3 )?"

BB 117 BETAS: I FAS- "N"THEN14S

5F 116 I FAS" "Y "THEN 120

55 119 60TD117

CD 120 PRINT: INPUT"CSUI3AUEF0Rf1
tl, 2, 4 OR 8)C5PC5 t LEFT63";
UF: IFWF<10RUF>4THENPRINT"CUP
23"; :GOTOI20
B7 122 IFUF-4THENINPUT"C5P3ULSE

HI C0-255KSPC6,LEFT63"iPH
DF 124 IFPH<0ORPH>25STHENPRINT"

CUP3 " ; :G0T0122
31 126 IFUF-4THENINPUT"CSP3ULSE

LO C0-E55)CSPC6,LEFT63";FL
21 12B PRINT: INPUT"C5F3REQUENCY
C25B-1BS72)CSPC6,LEFT63'-;FR

6B 130 IFFR<2S60RFR>16572THENPR

INT"CUP3"; : GOTO 1 30
2D 13S FH-INTtFR/256) :FL-FR-FH*
E56

04 140 W-WF-16+1

IS 14S PRINT:PRINT , 'CSP3RESS CSR
,SE.ST,SU,SR 1 SN3 TO QUIT OR

ANY OTHER KEY TDCARRY DN . "
A0 145 GETAS: I FAS-CHRSC 13) THENP

OKEU*E4,0:END
C3 147 1FAS-""THEN146
FB I4B U-54272:P0KEU*24,15
00 150 P0KEU+S,A-16*D:P0KEU+6,5

•1B-R

B2 155 P0KEU*2,PL:P0KEU-f3,PH
33 160 POKEU*4,0:POKEU-4,tiJ
EC 1B5 POKEU+0,FL:PDKEU+1,FH
SD 170 PRINT:PRINT"CSP3RESS ANY
KEY FOR CSA,SD,SS,SR3 OlAGR
AH, AND WHEN

B7 17S PRINT"CUP3Y0U'UE FINISHE

D VIEWING THAT, PRESS
D4 180 PRINT"' -• TO RETURN TO S

ELECTION PROGRAM. "
59 181 PRINT:PRINT"CSS30RRY IT'

S ALL A BIT SLOW, BUT ME AND
DA 18E PR I NT "HIGH-RES HIX LIKE

OIL AND WATER ... MY APOLOG
IES. "
E2 185 PDKE19B.0
52 186 GETAS: I FAS" " "THEN1B5
54 190 GOSUB10

49 200 PRINTCHRSC14) ; : GOTO10E

63 300 U-0:B1-Y:A1-X

CF 301 IFX1-XTHEN6OSUB3B0: RETUR
N

57 302 A1-X*U:B1-Y-INTCU"RATI0)

SF 303 U-U*l: IFUXX1-X3THENRETU
PN

A6 304 RO-INTfBl/B):C-INTCAl/B)

43 305 L-B1AND7
CC 310 8-7-CA1AND7)
47 315 BYTE-B19£-KRO*3E0)-KC"B)
4L

EB 3E0 POKEBYTE, PEEKCBYTE)ORCE*

B)

64 3E5 GOTO30E

08 350 F0RI-XTDXISTEP2
D0 351 B1-Y1:A1-I

96 352 R0-INTCB1/B):C-INTCA1/B)

9D 355 L-B1AND7

7E 360 B-7-CA1 AND7)

E9 365 BYTE-B19E*CRO-3E0)+CC-B)

+L

7A 370 POKEBYTE , PEEK(BYTE)ORCE"
B)

FA 375 NEXT

17 3B0 FORI "YIDY1STEPE

4C 3B1 Bl-I:A1-X

SC 3B2 R0-INTCB1/B):C-INTCA1/B)

F9 383 L-B1AND7
FA 384 B-7-CA1AND7)
BD 3B5 BYTE-B19E*CRO*3E0)*(C-8)
+L

EA 3B6 POKEBYTE, PEEKCBYTE )0RC2*
B)

06 387 NEXT
0B 388 RETURN

PLEASE NOTE THE * SIGN IS
THE UP ARROW KEY (NEXT TO •) .

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
73

WIN A FREE FLIGHT ON ,

CONCORDE

The creators of B24, a superb combat
and flight simulator based on one of
World War It's most famous aircraft arc
offering the once in a lifetime
opportunity for you to win a free trip
on Concorde, the world's most famous
airliner.

By answering the simple questions
below you could win a dream trip on
the world's only supersonic passenger
aircraft flying at speeds faster than the
bullet from a gun.

CONCORDE... THE FACTS

• Concorde first flew on 2 March, 1969.

• Concorde has carried over 800,000
passengers over 50 million miles.

• Concorde holds the record for the
fastest passenger flight London to
New York in 2 hours 56 minutes on
1 January, 1983.

• Concorde's maximum level speed is
1,367 mph.

• Concorde carries a maximum of 128
passengers.

If you are not a lucky winner in this
great competition, don't worry
because you can still experience the
thrills of flight plus the exhileration of
combat in 624.

B24

From the war torn skies of World War
II emerged one legendary offensive
weapon - the B24 bomber. This superb
simulation allows you to recreate the
exploits of this great aeroplane on
single mission runs or a 19 mission
campaign to destroy oil refineries in
Poletsi, Rumania.

As pilot, you control the mission flight
on a bombing raid from your home
base in Italy; as group leader you
command 40 B24's on bomb runs to 14
targets deciding on when and where
to bomb depending upon weather,
plan availability, group efficiency and
target oil production levels. A flight
and combat simulation of unparalleled
quality.

Available on

CBM64/128
tape£14.99 disk£19.99

U.S. Gold lid.. Units 2/3 Holford Way. Holford,
Birmingham B6 7 AX. Tel: 021 356 3388.

THE PRIZES

1st Prize: Two tickets for a
flight on Concorde plus a copy
of B24 and an SSI Order of
Merit Plaque.

50 Runners Up Prizes:
A copy of the superb flight and
combat simulator B24.
Please state a preference as
to Tape or Disk.

HOW TO ENTER
To win a supersonic flight on
Concorde answer the following
four questions and then in not
more than fifteen words why
you want to fly faster than the
speed of sound. In the event of
a tie, the most original reason
will win the first prize.
Please send entries lo:-

u.s. cold ltd.,

I 'nits 2/3 Holford Way.
Hofford,Birmingham B6 7AX.

1. What is Ihe speed of sound (mph)? M

2. Name three World War II SSI titles

I'M

,,l " t,, *» , »' * I, "" H nitui*t.»n,„„ f »MtitMti4»tiM MMlHiUH

3. What do Ihe initials USAAF stand forf

RULES

«f« toll nrtrffl <l fir 111 nr»

r»rm BIHi iu|ui*w»i> m . I |> Cimwl

4. What is Flakf «........,„... , ....™..,„.,.,„.

k M«riHf.it»tii ...... . ■.»...*..«*.......

ii ...... .......

5. (In not mote than fifteen word*) I would like to fly faster than Ihe speed of sound
because

"*•*•"••" «...«...-•..«....«...«,...„ »Ml>HM|M| .m.

••'»•■ M«>i»n«H» Mi»tMw»H i »» . . w i nimnm'twiu"

***** • I M( i| M< l

I U nmn km I* <-«b*uI

1 Ur^WmfepipnftriL.iCiWWInttUl.ttd

- T r - .

Name

Address

DISK CD tapf I I

I ».»| •***>•• oil NT.

• PMfeHiitUHl^MlUiMlk
mm . « |g * * ■ c-nrtt. i mm * n m m a

Iirno l» Mi*. M W» MIX

<w i 1 — r - pwri m ■ -i - - .

nleW lata.

REVIEW

►

Link Up

Here is the chance to link up a short -wave technical
receiver and Commodore 64 to a Transceive interface
and multimode receive program.

By Evelyn Mills

J£ viorc going into the feature details
of (his versatile system, it is helpful to
know a few basic Tacts about the
receiver. Firstly, what receiver is
required? The market is open here.
With models ranging in price Horn i!24
to £600. Regrettably the lower priced
models will noi function with
interfaces/software of this type as
certain basic criteria are required.

Your short-wave receiver should
cover the range 1.8 - 30 MHz and il
must haw a detector to receive SSB
(single side band) plus a CW filter lor
picking up morse. To tune to an exact
frequency, a receiver with digital
display is much more accurate.

Price Runge

Having said all this, how much do you
have to pay lor such a model? Looking
around a second-hand market would
be informative as there is a constant
Supply and demand. Our household
model is a YAESU FRG 70(H) which
costs around £200. second-hand.
(Remember, that short-wave listening
is a hobby within itself which users get
a great deal of information and
pleasure from.)

An acceptable receiver will set you
back a minimum ol £150 second-hand
and should have all the above features
including the facilities to use a good
aerial and earth; the receiver used here
was worked on a long w ire antenna (40
metres), suitably grounded to reduce
background noise.

Onto Computing

The interface, which is small and

compact, plugs into the user port of the
C64. and is connected to the audio
output on the short wave receiver
(cables and connectors are supplied).
Il has a single switch which controls
three functions; one position sets the
computer for CW reception, another
for RTTY reception and the third for
(liter on/off. According to the data
you wish to receive, set the switch
accordingly and load the disk RX-4
program.

While the program is not lengthy, it
is extremely compact and efficient in
use. All of the commands function via
a single key press, a list of which is
given in the literature supplied. On
loading, a status line is displayed at the
bottom of the screen. Press R and this
indicates that you are in RTTY
(teletype) mode; a C press takes you to
morse reception, an A press to
AM TOR reception and a T press to
download SSTV (slow screen
television scans). The AM I OR mode
will not be discussed here as it is very
similar to RTTY,

Our main options are T.R, and C.
Inasmuch as morse transmissions were
received and translated with
considerable facility, let's get into the
C option first.

To do this, set the interlace switch
to CW then tune into the amateur
bands available for morse
transmission, using the CW option on
your receiver. These bands are listed in
most short-wave handbooks and the
more successful were found to be the
3.0 - 3. 1 50 M Hz and 14.0 - 14.350 M H/
hands. The software controlling
reception has a fitter selection of 700

Hz. 1360 Hz plus a filter OFF mode;
these are displayed at the bottom of the
screen and are selected with single
computer keys. There are also single
key controls for selling word speed.
For amateur morse. 20 w.p.m. or 40
w.p.m. should be used (depending on
the speed of transmission). A speed
selling capable of handling up to 250
w.p.m. is also available.

Let us assume that you have tuned
into a good, clear morse transmission.
At the lop left-hand corner ol your
screen, nothing is visible until tuning is
perfect, at which point a Hashing
yellow cursor will appear and the
morse transmission will now be
translated to text on your screen (in
English or the appropriate language -
such conversations are regarded as
confidential and may not be printed

here). You will find the transmitter's
call-sign printed out. eventual!)
enabling you to locate his/her
geographical position (wnh reference
to handbook).

It should be remembered that
many people use morse in an
abbreviated form or even in coded
form: furthermore you are just as
likely to catch the end of a
conversation as the beginning. In fact,
what you pick up is a matter of trial,
error and chance!! The transmission
may be Mocked* on autoiraek if need
be.

During reception, when one screen
is lull, it is overwritten by subsequent
data which allows last decoding. All
material can be saved to disk by
pressing S -a bleep will be heard w hich
should be followed by a single number

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
75

or letter tor program identification -

the saving process [hen begins.

To output to the Commodore
printer or MPS 801 press P either
directly From the screen or from saved
material. The latter is reloaded with a
D press: when followed b> O. data will
again be visible on screen.
Approximately 32K may be stored
which Es more than adequate for most
transmissions. RESTORE will clear
the screen but not the memory, so if
you have a lot of rubbish coming
through initially, due to excessive
background noise or inaccurate tuning
you wilt find that this is saved as well
within any one program - generally us
E*s, j's and asterisks. Should you
search around bands other than the
amateur ones, you will find that
information is transmitted in fast code.

The Teletype Selection

Switch the interface to RTTY. filter
ON mode and press R for software
selection. At the bottom ol the screen

you will find the RTTY definition plus.

at the lower right-hand corner, two

cursors for tuning purposes. When a
station is located, a vertical black band
will oscillate across the cursors to give
very line tuning - you are well on mark
when the lines oscillate from left to
right at a rapid rate. This will,
naturally vary with the intensity of the
signal.

Once you are tuned to a station
(handbook useful) the teletype
message is then primed to screen. Most
of the material I picked up was either
coded or in German or Swedish.
Experience is needed here to know
when and where to get the English
transmissions (uncoded).

Pressing T will give a full screen
picture if any SSTV (slow scan TV) is
being transmitted.

To be Recommended

This is a very dedicated hobby which
requires a great deal of patience and
computer time. Certain!) the product
marketed by Technical Software will
not let you down. Technically
everything functions very smoothly
and the single key presses, allow for
rapid switching from mode to mode.

Other key presses exist ( F for figures, L
for letters, etc.) which are described in
detail in the literaturesupplied; helpful
data is also given for the novice. The
cost of the interface and software is
modest with respect to quality, so if
your interests lie in this direction, the
product can certainly be recom-
mended.

Technical Software also have a log
book available (a mini-database with
printer output) which is menu-driven,
and a very good Morse Tutor: the
latter allows characters to be taught in
a simple manner; text may be typed at
pre-selected speed, checked, " errors
highlighted and the result printed. A
pitch adjustor is built into the system.
The log book costs £8 on tape and the
Morse Tutor £6 Add £2 to either
for disk-based systems.

Touchline:

Product: Tiansceive Interface TIF/
and RX-4 Software.
Supplier: Tec/mica/ Software. Fron.
Upper Uandwrog, Caernarfon LL54
7RF Tel: (0286) 88/886. Price:
Interface £25: Kit Form £15. Software
£25 (ca); £27 (disk). W

SPECIAL OFFERS

* EXCEPTIONAL VALUE*

25x5.25" DS-DDDISKS
PLUS

1 00 CAPACITY LOCKABLE DISK BOX
FOR

ONLY £17.60

OR

50x5.25" DS-DO DISKS
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100 CAPACITY LOCKABLE DISK BOX
FOR

ONLY £27.10

20x35" DS-DDDISKS
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40 CAPACITY LOCKABLE BOX
FOR

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OR

50x 3.5* DS-DD DISKS
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90 CAPACITY LOCKABLE BOX
FOR

ONLY £68.20

REMEMBER THE PRICE YOU SEE IS ALL
YOU PAY. (U.K. ONLY)
THEY INCLUDE VAT AND CARRIAGE

Cheque or Postal Order to:

Manor Court Supplies Ltd

Depl YC10. Glen Celyn House, Penybont,
Llandrlndod Wells, Powys LD1 SSY.

Telephone: 0597 87784 or 0597 87792

Orders accepted from educational & government depts.
Dealer enquiries invited.

"LOAD-IT" "LOAD-IT"
ATTENTION DATA-RECORDER OWNERS

WE DISEASE - Tape Loading Problems

THE CURE - Our Exclusive Data-recorder Modification Package

PERMANENT HEAD AUfiNMENT ADJUSTING KNOB
CALIBRATED SCALE
INTERNAL SPEAHf H BTTED

C8M Rf COR0EH

* Programs (ail to load it ihe head does not read tho tape correctly

* By simply adjusting the head sligntly all programs wilt load!

* Loading problems are caused by variations In alignment ot data on tape
■ lOAD-ir' GIVES YOU:

* Audible loading through internally luted speaker.

* Head alignment easily adjusted to clearest data signal

* Calibrated scale (or keeping a record o( loading
positions

* Achieves 100% «>iccess even on poorly recorded
programs.

* Guaranteed (or life of da t a- recorder .

* Approved by data-recorder manufacturers.

* Recommended by leading software houses.

* Doos not affect any guarantees on computer.

* 3-day service from receipt of order

* Due to popular demand a D.I.Y. kit is available

* All you need is a soldering iron (required 'or CBM only)

* A small file and common sense

* Easy to follow instructions are suppliod
1 £-M, d . a I a " ,ecoft,er ki, < on *V £9.95 mc post and packaqe

* SPECTRUM 48K/128+2 D I Y. kit, only C7.75 mc post
and package (no speaker required).

««fSi!J r' S i ,e 9 ,s,erod ,,ade nam « Copvnght ©1986. Patent Pending
mmyobU Trade enquines welcome Franchise scheme available in selected
areas bntain and overseas

* E «P« Ry R P, A J A " RECORDER SECURELY PACKED TO: Tel 021-745 4970

LOAO IT . 35 Strstton Rood. Shirley. Solihull. Wen Midland) 390 2RX.
D I endow rnyCBM daw-rac order and cheque for C 19.95 inc
Q D I Y hit. CBM C9 95 □ D.I.Y ES (or en v deta-record* C7 75

v' Tick as appropriate '

Name M _

Addreaa.

Poii* code

Mi Cimwie ,! CBM 1G/03M .4/CBM 64/C8M 64C/CBM U8/SHCIHJM 4M/IH+2

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
76

C64 UTILITY

Sprite Grabber

Want to use sprites from other programmes
games? This utility makes it easy for you
save them for later use.

in your own
to find and

prite Grabber is a useful utility for
examining the sprites used in games.
The sprites once found can beSAVEd
to disk or tape. LOADed back into
some form of sprite editor and
changed at will. In this way you can
build up a library of your favourite
sprites from your favourite programs.

Getting it in

Sprite Grabber is a machine code
program, presented here as two Basic
Loaders. These should be tvped in
using the SYNTAX CHECKER
program that can be found on the
LISTINGS page.

Why two versions of the program?
It's simply that they are both located at
different addresses, in case one hap-
pens to sil in the same area of memory
as the sprites you want to grab.

When the loaders have been RUN 1
suggest that you SAVE the machine
code using a monitor or one of the
following small Basic programs:
For the version ataddress 49152:
10 POKE 43. 0: POKE 44, 192

20 POKE 45. 198: POKE 46,35

For the version at address 16384:
10 POKE 43. 0: POKE 44.64

20 POKE 45, 70: POKE 46. 64

Then SAVE the programs with:

By J. MacDonald

SAVE "SPRITE GRABBER". X, I
...where X is I ifusinglapeorSifusing
disk.

The programs should be LOADed
back to the address from where they
were SAVEd to avoid corrupting any
sprite data that may sit in the Basic
area. You do this with the following
command:

LOAD "SPRITE GRABBER". X, I
...where X is as before.

Using the program

LOAD in the game with the sprites
that you wish to examine. Once
LOADed and RUNning reset the
computer using a reset switch, or a
cartridge with a reset on if. LOAD the
SPRITE GRABBER program into
memory at the address of your choke
(49152 or 16384) and run the program
with:

SYS start address

...where the start address is either
49152 or 16384 depending on the
version of the program that you
choose to use.

A menu will now appear on the
screen showing what the function keys
do. 'R' and 'S' options and sprite
information at the bottom.

The function keys will allow the
sprite pointer to be increased or
decreased by one, sprite colours to be

changed, toggling between
multicolour and hi-res mode and
toggling the XY expansion of the
sprite. BANK switching is achieved by
pressing numeric keys 0-3 as shown on
the screen. At all times the sprite
pointer. BANK and sprite address is
displayed on the screen.

If you find a series of sprites that
you like, which might bean animation,
like a man walking, use Fl to display
the first sprite in the series, and then
press *R' to save the start pointer. Now
use Fl to move the sprite pointer to the
last sprite you want to save and press
'R' again to indicate the end of the
series. Pressing 'S' will now activate
the SAVE section of the program. This
will prompt you for Tape or Disk —
press the appropriate letter and you
will be asked for a filename (16
characters max). Your series of sprites
will now be SAVEd.

If you try to SAVE from a high to a
low address you will be notified of an
error — press any key to try again.

Sprites can be SAVEd from
anywhere in memory, including under
the ROMs. So remember, unless you
are loading the sprites from a program
which will redirect them to a new
address, they will LOAD into the area
they originally came from — with
possibly unforeseen results.

PRDGRArt: GRABBER 1E3B4

6F 10 1-16384;

EE EC READ ft: IF A-E56 THEN END
57 30 POKE I, ft: I-I+l:GQTO E0
E3 163B4 DATA 169 , 0 , 141 , E49 , 7 , 1

41 .E50.7
47 16392 DATA 141 , SSI , 7 , 141 , 3E ,

E0B, 141 ,33
0D 16400 DATA EBB , 141 , E3 , E0B, 14

1,E3,209,1E9
IS 1640B DATA 1,141,21, 20B , 141 ,

39,208, 169
Dl 1641S DATA 64 , 141 , 0 , 20B , 169 ,

100, 141 , 1
7C 16424 DATA 208,169,6,141,39,

20B, 169, B
41 16432 DATA 141,37,208,32,210

.ESS. 169, 13
76 16440 DATA 141,248,7,169,0,1

33,252.169
E5 16448 DAT ft 0,133,253,169,64,

133,53.169
B6 16456 DATA 3,133,54,169,109,

133,E50,169
BE 16464 DATA B4 , 133, ESI , 169 , 14

7,32,210,255
6F 16472 DATA 160,0,177,250,240

, 12,32,210
92 164B0 DATA 255 , 230 , 2S0 , 20B , 2

45,230.251,76
D0 16488 DATA 30 . 64 . 76 . EE5 , 66 , 1

49.3S.B3
IS 16496 DATA 90 , BE , 73 , 84 , 69 , 3E

.71 ,82

B9

3B

4E

E4

84

97

9F

A7

96

AS

16504 DATA

,66.89
16512 DATA

.3E.77
165E0 DATA

,76,69
16529 DATA

.17.32
16536 DATA
84, 184, 184
16544 DOTO
84, 184, 184
1655E DftTft
84, 184, 1B4
16560 DATA
84, 184,184
165SB DATA
B4. 1B4, 184
16576 DATA

65 , 66 , 65 , 69 , BE . 32

3E, 74,65, 77,69,93

65,67,6B,79,7B,65

3E,49,57,55,54,13

152, 184, 1B4, 184, 1
, 184

184, 1B4, 184, 184, 1
, 1B4

194, 1B4. 184, 184, 1
, 1B4

1B4.1B4.184.1B4.1
, 184

1B4,1B4,1B4,1B4,1
.13

17,32. 3S.32.3S.3E

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
77

C64 I'TI MTV Hpl]

93

53

AO

BO

57

□4

AF

OA

A3

05

80

03

76

8Z

35

3E

70

55

90

01

06

9A

3E

81

3F

05

90

OB

OF

OB

61

BO

HE

03

EF

BE

02

HE

. 35 , 35
1E5S4 DA TO
, 35 . 32
16592 DATA
.113,45
1G600 DATA
,85.73
1660B DATA
.78.B4
1661E DATA
,35,35
1BEB4 DATA
.35.35
16G35 DATA
,70,50
15640 DATA
5,63.80
1664B DATA
.79,73
1EB5B DATA
. 35 , 35
1BB64 DATA
.35,35
16672 DATA
. 35,31
1B6B0 DATA
8.B7.3S
1B68B DATA
, 35,67
1B69B DATA
.35,35
1S704 DATA
.35,35
16715 DATA
.35,31
1E750 DATA
B. 67,35
1675B DATA
,35.67
1673E DATA
,35.35
16744 DATA
,35,35
16755 DATA
,35,31
16760 DATA
8,67,32
16768 DATA
,35.67
16776 DATA
,35,32
1B7B4 DOT A
,35,32
16792 DATA
.70.54
16B00 DOTA
1.76,69
1EB0B DATA
,35,5

IBS 16 DOTA
,35,35

1BB54 DATA

.35,35

16835 DATA

.31,70

16B40 DATA

1,71,76

16B4B DATA

.80.65

16B56 DATA

. 35 , 35
16864 DATA

,32,32
16875 DOTA

,70.56
16B80 DATA
3 , 76 , 69
1688B DATA
,65, 7B
16B96 DATA
,75.69
16904 DATA
.35.84

35,35,32.32,32,32

35,35,35,31,70,49
73,78,67,35,83,90
84,69,32,80,79,73
69,85,13.35,32,35
35.32.35,32.35,32
35,35,35,35,35,31
149,45,68,69,67,3
BS, 73,84,69,32,80
78,84,69.85,13,35
35.35,32,32,35,35
32,35,32,35,32.32
70,51,149,45,73.7
83,90.85.73,84,69
79,75, 35, 4B, 13,35
35,32,35,35.32.35
35.35,35,35,35,35
70,55,149.45,73,7
83,90,82,73,84.69
79,76,35,49,13,32
35,32,35,35,35,32
35.32.35,32,32,32
70,53,149,45,73,7
B3, 80,85,73,84,69
79,76,13,35,35,32
32,35.32,32,32,32
32,35,32,32,32.31
149.45,84,79.71,7

32,77.85.76,67,35
79,70,70, 13,35,35
35,32, 32, 32,32,32
35,35.35.35,35,35
55,149,4S,B4,79,7
69,32,89.32.69,88
78,56,13,32.32,32
32.32,35.32,32,32
32,32,35.32,35,31
149,45,84,79,71.7
32,B9,35,69,BB,B0
68,13,17,17.17.17
89,83,35,48,45,51

FC 16915 DATA 79 , 32 , 83 , 87 . 73, B4
,67,75

E7 16950 DATA 35 . 66 , 65 , 7B , 75 , 63
.13,39

C5 16959 DATA 93,39,35.84,79,35
.B3.65

70 16936 DATA 86,69,35,83,80,85
.73,84

3F 16944 DOTA 69,83,35,56,63,84
,87.69

65 16955 DATA 69,78,32,77,65,85
, 75 , 69

03 16960 DATA 85 , B3 , 13 , 39 , 62 , 39
.35,84

DC 16968 DOTA 79,32,83,69,84,35
,85.65

BS 16976 DATA 78,71,69,35,79,70
,35,83

2B 163B4 DATA 80,82,73,84,63,83
.32.70

03 36332 DOTO 79,82,32,83,65,65
.63, 13

6B 17000 DATA 17,151,67,65,82,8
5,63,78

6A 17008 DATA 84,35,66,55.78.75
,35,35

6F 17016 DOTA 35,73.83,32.32,5,
48,32

7F 17024 DATA 32,32,32,35.32,31
,77,65

3F 17035 DOTA 85,75,69,85.83,13
.32.35

B5 17040 DATA 35,35,35,35,35,35
,32.32

CD 1704B DATA 32.35,35,35.35,32
.35.32

A3 17056 DATA 32 , 35 . J5, 35 , 32 , 35
,32,5

SF 17064 DOTA 70 , 65, 79 . 77 , 35 , 35
,35,84

13 17072 DOTA 73,151,13,83,60,8
2.73,84

!B4 8 B3 DATft E9 ' 3£? - Bfl . ^.73.78
1H *S 0 4B ° ATfl 8a,35 ' 73 ' B3 ' 35 . 3 2

01 17036 DATA 151,13.17,83,80 B
5,73. B4

AE 17104 DOTA 69,32,65,68,68,85
,63,63

AD 17115 DATA 83,32,73,83,32,35
. 5, 48

4B 17120 DOTO 0,150,163,55,133
1,360.63

E9 17126 DATA 177,552,145,53 13
6, 16,549, 169

7E 17136 DATA 55,133,1.88,54,16

5,53, 160
7B 17144 DATA 56,32,240,255,35,

60,56, 163

34 171S5 DATA 0.174,550.7,35,50
5,189,54

4B 17160 DATA 155,53.160,32 35
240.25S.32

35 17168 DATA 60.69,169,0,174.5
51,7,35

23 17176 DOTA 205,189,32,558,25

5,540,551.501
79 171B4 DOTA 83,508,3,76,350,6

8,501,82
F9 37392 DATO 208,3,76,375,69,5

01,133,208
DB 17500 DATA 8,169.1,141,21,68

,76,28

8C 37508 DATA 68,501,137,208,6,

169,255,141
81 17216 DOTA 21 , 68 , 76 , 26, 6B, 20

1, 134.208
A6 17254 DATA 3, 538, 37 , 50B , 501

138,508,3
34 17532 DATA 238 , 3B, 50B, 501 . 13

5.508, 3.23B
90 17240 DATA 39,208,201,139,24

0, 126,201, 136
3A 17246 DATA 240,100,501,140 5

10,307,201,48
FD 37556 DATO 208,5,169,0,76 13
5.67,501

E5 17254 DATA 49,508,5,169,64,7

6,135,67
SA 17275 DATO 501,50,208.5,169.

156.76,135
CB 37580 DOTO 67 , 201 53 , 50B S 1

63,395,143 ' '

8F 175B8 DOTA 52 , 5B , 35 , 85 . 68 , 16
5,553,41

51 37296 DATA 63,13.22,58,133.2

53 , 54 , 165
EF 17304 DATA 54,160,19 35 540

555,35,60
36 17312 DATO 68,165,253,166,25

5.32,205,189
84 17320 DOTO 165,553,74,74.74

74,74,74
14 17328 DATA 141.20,68.24,162
20, 160, 19

Dl 17336 DATA 35,540.255,174,50
,68,169,0

60 17344 DOTA 32,505,183,76,555

,66,173,59
C3 17355 DOTO 208.73,555,141,59

. 20B , 76 , 225
07 17360 DATA 66.173.23,203 73
255,141,23

19 1736B DATA 208.76.555,66.173

, 28 , 50B , 73
BB 17376 DATA 555,341,58,508,54

,165.9,160
B4 17384 DATA 34,35.540,555,365

,5,173,58
CC 17392 DATA 508,41,1,540,15 1

89, 16,68
16 17400 DATA 35,510,555,502,16
.247.76,255

47 17408 DOTO 66,189,13,68,35 2
10.555,205

El 17416 DOTA 16,247,76,525,66,
70,70,79

48 17454 DATA 32,78,79,54.0.1,0
.0

6A 17432 DATA 0.0,0,0,54,173,54

67 17440 DATA 109,51,68,141,249

,7,24,165
DA 17448 DOTA 22,160,19,32,240

255,32,60
E3 17456 DATA 68,174.249.7,163,

0.32,205
SO 17464 DATA 189.75,139,67,162

, 15.1B9.75
4E 17472 DATA 69,32,210.255.502

.36,547.96
Dl 17480 DATO S , 157 , 1 57 , 157 , 157
,157,157,35

CS 2 7 5 B 17 D ° T * 35 ' 3? ' 32 ' 32 - 35 .lB

OB 17495 DATA 249,7,141,119.68,

169,0.141
80 17504 DOTA 119.69,14,119.68

46,119,68

32 17S15 DATA 505.36.547.373.31
9,68,133.553

2D 17S50 DATA 174.118.68,134,25
5,96.0,0

69 1752B DATA 173,55,68,205,27

68,144,55

EA 17536 DATA 240,3.76,141,68 1

73,54.68

A9 17544 DATO 505,56,68,144 39

32,163,69
EC 17555 DATA 165.0,199,155,68

35,510,555
E0 17560 DOTO 232.554,15,208,24

5,32.528,255

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
78

C64 UTILITY

AD 1757G DATA 65,76,73,69,32,77
,65.82

70 17584 DATA 75,63,82,83,169,0
.141,21

0S 17592 DATA 208,35,163,69,162

,0, 189,230
DA 17600 DATA 69,32,210,255,232

,224, 16.20B
1A 1760B DATA 245,32,228,255,24

0,251.201,84
F7 17G1G DATA 20B , S , 1G2 , 1 , 76 , 22

1,68,201

47 17624 DATA 68,209.238.162,8,

169,1. 160
4B 17632 DATA 255,32,186,255,16

2,0, 142.50
4C 17640 DATA 69,189,246,69.32,

210,255,232
B0 17648 DATA 224,13,208.245,16

2,0,169,113
SE 176S6 DATA 32,210,255,32,228
,255,240,2S1

17664 DATA 201,13,240.81,201
,20.240. 14

17672 DATA 201,31,176,3,76,2
51.6B.201

176B0 DATA 127,144,32,76,251
,68, 173,50

1768B DATA 69,240,224,160,0,
185,46,69

17696 DATA 32,210,255,200,19
2,4,20B,245

17704 DATA 206,50,69,76,246,
68, 157,32

17712 DATA 157,157.0.72,173,
50.69,201

17720 DATA 16,208,4,104,76,2
51,68, 169

17728 DATA 157 , 32 , 210 , 25S , 17
3.S0.69.170

17736 DATA 104,157,21,70,32,
210,255,238

17744 DATA 50,69,76,246,68,1
69, 13, 162

17752 DATA 3,32,210,255,202,
16,250, 173

17760 DATA 50,69,162.21,160,
70,32, 189

1776B DATA 255,173,24,68,133
,250,173,25

17776 DATA 68,133,251,174,26
,68, 172,27

177B4 DATA 6B , 169 , 250 , 32 , 216
,255, 169, 1

17792 DATA 141,21,208,32,163
,69, 160, 10

17800 DATA 162,18,189,2,70,3
2,210,255

17B0B DATA 202,16,247,136,1.5
,242,169,32

17B16 DATA 162,160,157,223,5
,202,208.250
C3 17824 DATA 76,225,66,24,162,
5,160,0

17832 DATA 32,240,255.96.173
, 23,68. 20B

17840 DATA 24.173.249,7,141,
250.7, 165

17B4B DATA 252,141,24.68,165
,253,141,25

17856 DATA 68,169,1,141,23,6
8,76,225

17864 DATA 66,173,249,7,141,
251 ,7,24

17872 DATA 165,252.105,64,14
1,35,68,165

17BB0 DATA 253.105,0,141,27,
6B, 169,0

17898 DATA 141 , 23 , 6B, 76 , 225,
66,40,84

17896 DATA 41,65,80,69,32.79
, 92 , 32

17304 DATA 40,69,41,73,93.75

34
75
E9
ED
F5

01
0B
23
38
BD
74
36
65
43
62
72
6B
25
46
C0

26
00
CE
2B
IE
43
DF
BD
DB
C3

, 1 J,

0A

17912 DATA

73,

76,63,78.65,

77

.69.32

51

17920 DATA

63.

17,13,32,32,

32

,32,32

CI

1732B DATA

32,32,32,32,32.

32

,32,32

09

17336 DATA

32,

32,32,32,32,

32

,32.32

Si

17344 DATA

32,

32,32,32,32,

32

,32,32

75

17952 DATA

32,

0.2SS.256

PROGRAM ; GRABBER 49152

6C 10 1-43152:

2E 20 BEAD A: IF A-25G THEN END
57 30 POKE I , A: 1-1*1: GOTO 20
63 43152 DATA 189,0,141,243,7,1

41,250,7
C7 49160 DATA 141,251,7,141,32.

20B, 141,33
BD 49168 DATA 20B , 141 , 29 , 20B, 14

1.23.20B, 169
95 49176 DATA 1 , 141 , 21 , 20B , 14 1 ,

39,208,169
51 49184 DATA 64,141,0,208,169,

100, 141 , 1
FC 49192 DATA 208,163,6,141,38,

208,169,8
CI 49200 DATA 141 , 37 , 20B , 32 , 210

,255, 169, 13
F6 49209 DATA 141,248,7,169,0,1

33,252, 169
65 49216 DATA 0,133,253,163,64,

133,53,159
06 49224 DATA 3,133,54,169.109,

133,250,169
30 49232 DATA 192,133,251,169,1

47,32,210,255
EF 49240 DATA 160,0,177,250,240
,12,32,210

12 49248 DATA 255,230,250,209,2
4S,230,251 ,76

9B 49256 DATA 90,192,75,225,194

, 149,32,83
35 49264 DATA B0 , B2 , 73 . B4 , 63 , 32

,71,82

09 49272 DATA 65,66,66,69,82,32
,66,89

BB 49280 DATA 32,74,65.77,63,83
,32,77

CE 43288 DATA 65, 67 , 68 , 79 , 7B , 65
,76.68

6H 49296 DATA 32,49,57,56,54,13
,17,32

04 49304 DATA 152. 1B4, 1B4, 1B4, 1

84, 184, 184. 184
17 49312 DATA 1B4 . 1B4 , 184 , 184 , 1

B4, 184, 1B4, 184
IF 49320 DATA 1B4 , 184 , 184 , 184 , 1

84 , 1B4 , 184, 1B4
27 4932B DATA 184,184,184,184,1

84, 184, 184, 184
IB 49336 DATA 184 , 1B4 . 184 , 184 , 1

B4,184,1B4,13
20 49344 DATA 17,32,32,32,32,32

,32,32

3F 49352 DATA 32,32,32,32,32.32
, 32 . 32

13 49360 DATA 32.32,32.31,70,49
,143,45

E3 4936B DATA 73.79.67.32,83,80
,82,73

2A 49376 DATA 84,69.32,80,79,73
, 78 , 84

3D 493B4 DATA 69,82,13,32,32,32
, 32 , 32

A7 49392 DATA 32,32,32,32,32,32
.32.32

54

43400 DATA

, 70 , 50

2F

49408 DATA

2 , B3 . 80

2A

43416 DATA

, /a, /j

CJ

iSiCi UH 1 H

TP TP

QC
OD

uqup nfiTn

13 iJC UH 1 M

32 32

32 31

83

49449 DATA

FG

DATA

32 67

. - * — . un in

qp qp
, JC | JC

OP

,32, 32

DC

TtJ law UH 1 H

, JC, Jl

B8

494BB DATA

8 , 67 , 32

BE

49496 DATA

, 32, 67

FD

49504 DATA

,32.32

D6

49512 DATA

, 32 , 32

ID

49520 DATA

I - - * J 1

□ 1

4352H URlA

r*i

□ , 67 , 32

1A

49544 DATA

,32,32

BE

49S52 DATA

, 32 , 32

01

43560 DATA

,70,54

BF

4356B DATA

1.76,63

2S

49576 DATA

,32,5

10

4S5B4 DATA

,32, 32

26

49592 DATA

i T DC

er

'iyb00 DATA

■ dl , / *>

PA

CO

T30VJCI UH i H

1, 71 , 76

C 1

fc 1

Tablb URTh

, UK , 55

JH

43b24 DATA

, 32, 32

r*c
l_t

13DJC DATA

■ JC , JC

-J

lablU Uhih

~7f7L CC

CP

or

1 "7 C Co

Jt

CC 7Q

PP
□ C

uaecu nriTo
I3bb1 UR 1 H

r*P

UQBT9 riftTrt

*3P Ct'l
, JC , u !

7r
' L.

t3DD«j UH 1 H

■ 67 , 72

67

496BB DATA

. 13,39

42

49696 DATA

,83,65

FA

43704 DATA

,73,84

BF

49712 DATA

,87,69

E2

49720 DATA

,75,63

53

4372B DATA

32,32,32,32,32,31
149.45,68,69,67.3
82,73,84,69,32,80
78,84,69,82,13,32
32,32,32,32,32,32
32.32,32,32,32,32
70.51.149,45,73,7
83,80,62,73,84.69
79,76,35,48,13,32
32,32,32,32.32,32
32,32,32,32,32,32
70,52,149.45,73,7
83,60,82,73,84.69
79,76.35,49, 13,32
32,35,32,32,32,32
32,32,32,32,32,32
70,53,143,45,73,7
B3,B0,B2,73,B4,69
79,76,13,32,32,32
32 , 32 , 32 , 32 , 32 , 32
32,32,32,32,32,31
149,45,94,79,71,7
32,77,85,76,67,32
79,70,70, 13,32,32
32,32,32,32,32,32

32,32,32,32,32,32
55,149,45,84.79,7
69,32,88,32,69,88
78,68, 13,32,32,32
32,32,32,32,32,32
32,32,32,32,32,31
149,45,84,73,71,7
32, B3, 32. 69, 88, BO
68. 13,17, 17, 17, 17
39,93,32,48,45,51
79,32,93,87,73,84
32,66,65,79,75,83
83. 33, 32, B4, 79, 32
86,63,32,83,80.82
69. B3, 32,66,69,84
69,78,32,77,65,82
82,83, 13,39,82,39

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
79

C6 ! UT] LITY

,32,84

SC 4373B DATA 79,32,83,69,84,35
,82,65

35 49744 DATA 78.71,63,32,79,70
, 32,83

AB 49752 DATA 80.82,73,64,69,83
.32,70

B3 49760 DATA 79 , 82 , 32 , B3 , 65 , 86
,69, 13

EB M976B DATA 17,151,57,85,82,8
2,69.78

EA 49776 DATA 84.32,66,55,78,75
, 32 , 32

EF 49784 DATA 32,73,83,32,32,5,
48.32

FF 49792 DATA 32,32,32,32,32,31
,77,65

BF 49800 DATA 82,75.69.82,83,13
,32,32

05 49808 DATA 32.32,32,32,32,32
,32,32

4D 49B16 DATA 32,32,32,32,32,32
,32,32

29 49824 DATA 32.32,32,32,32,35
.32.5

IF 49B32 DATA 70,82,79,77,32,32
, 32 , 84

33 49B40 DATA 79,151,13,83.80,8
2. 73,84

IF 49848 DATA 69 , 32, B0 . 79 , 73 , 7B
. B4 , 69

94 49BSE DATA B2 , 32, 73 , B3 , 32 , 32
,S,4B

Bl 49BS4 DATA 151,13,17,83,80,8
2,73,84

2E 49872 DATA 69,32,65,68,68,82
,69,83

2D 49BB0 DATA B3 , 32 , 73, 83 , 32 , 32
,S,4B

CB 43B8B DATA 0,120,169,52,133,
1, 160,63

69 4989E DATA 177,252,145,53,13

6. 16,249, 169
FE 49904 DATA 55 , 133 , 1 , BB, 24 , 16

2,23, 160
49 49912 DATA 26,32,240,255,32,

60, 196, 159
14 49920 DATA 0,174,250,7,32,20

5, 189,24
CB 49928 DATA 152,23,160,32,32,

240,255,32
4E 49936 DATA 50,196,169,0,174,

251 ,7, 32
A3 49944 DATA 205,189,32,228,25

5,240,251.201
AF 49952 DATA 83 , 20B , 3 , 76 . 120, 1

95.201.B2
B5 49960 DATA 208,3,76,172,197,

201.133.20B
FF 49958 DATA 8,189,1,141,21,19

' 6,76,28
B0 49976 DATA 195,201,137,208,8

, 169,255, 141
45 49984 DATA 21,196,75,28,196,

201, 134,208
28 49992 DATA 3,238,37,208,201,

13B.20B.3
B4 50000 DATA 23B, 3B . 20B , 201 , 13

5 , 20B , 3 , 23B
10 5000B DATA 39, 20B, 201, 139, 24

0,126,201,136
BA 50016 DATA 240,100,201,140,2

40,107,201,49
AS 50024 DATA 208,5,169,0,76,13

5, 195,201
A9 50032 DATA 49, 20B, 5, 169,54,7

6, 135, 195
DA 50040 DATA 201,50,208,5,169,

128,76, 135
FB 50048 DATA 195,201,51,208,5,

169, 192, 141
45 50056 DATA 22,196.32,85,195.

16S.2S3.41
D9 50064 DATA 53,13,22,196,133,

253,24,162
EF 50072 DATA 24,150,19,32,540,

255,32,60
72 S00B0 DATA 195.155,253,156,2

52,32,205, 189

04 500BB DATA 165,253.74,74.74.
74,74,74

68 S0O96 DATA 141,20,196,24,162

,20, 160, 19
63 50104 DATA 32,240,255,174,20

,196, 169,0
BA 50112 DATA 32,205,189,76,225

, 194, 173,29
43 S0120 DATA 209,73,255,141,29

,208,76,225
7B 50128 DATA 194,173,23,208,73

,255,141,23
BD 50136 DATA 20B , 76 , 225 , 194 , 17

3,28.208,73
3B 50144 DATA 255,141,28,208,24

,162,9,160

34 50152 DATA 34,32,240,255,162
,2,173,28

8C 50160 DATA 208,41,1,240,12,1

B9, 16, 196
95 50168 DATA 32,210,255,202,16

,247,76,225
D9 50176 DATA 194,189,13,195,32

,210,255,202
0D 501B4 DATA 16,247,76,225,194

,70,70,79
CB 50192 DATA 32,78,79,64,0,1,0

.0

EA 50200 DATA 0,0,0,0,24,173,24
9.7

9B 50209 DATA 109,21,196,141,24

3,7,24,162
5A 50216 DATA 22,160,19,32,240,

255,32,60
D7 50224 DATA 196,174,249,7,169

,0,32,205
B0 50232 DATA 189,76,138,195,16

2, 12, 189,72
32 50240 DATA 195,32,210,255,20

2,16,247,96
51 5024B DATA 5,157,157,157,157

,157,157,32
45 50255 DATA 32,32,32,32,32,16

2,5.173

63 50264 DATA 243, 7 , 141 , 1 IB , 136

, 163,0, 141
E2 50272 DATA 119,195,14,118,19

6,46, 119, 196
BA 502B0 DATA 202,16,247,173,11

9.196.133,253
Bl S02B8 DATA 174,118.196,134,2

52,96,0,0

35 50285 DATA 173,25,196,205,27
, 196, 144,52

CA 50304 DATA 240,3,75,141,196,

173,24,195
F3 50312 DATA 205.26,196.144,39

,32,163,137
32 50320 DATA 162,0,189,165,196

,32,210,2SS

60 50328 DATA 232 , 224 , IS , 20B , 24

5, 32,228, 2S5
E9 50336 DATA 240,251.76,131,19

7,73,78.86
2D S0344 DATA 65 , 76 , 73 , 6B , 32 , 77
,65,82

F0 50352 DATA 75 , 69 , B2 , 83, 169 , 0
,141 ,21

55 50360 DATA 20B , 32 , 183 , 187 , 16

2,0,189,230
96 5036B DATA 197,32,210,255,23

2,224,16,208
9A 50375 DATA 245, 32, 22B, 255, 24

0,251,201,84
27 S03B4 DATA 20B, 5 , 162 , 1 , 76 , 22

1, 196,201

C7 50392 DATA 88 , 20B , 23B , 162 , B ,

163,1, 160
CB 50400 DATA 255,32,186,255,16

2,0, 142,50
C2 50408 DATA 197.183,246,197,3

2,210,255,232
00 50415 DATA 224,13,208,245,16

2,0,169,113
DE 50424 DATA 32,210,255,32,228

,255,240,251
B4 50432 DATA 201.13,240,81,201

,20,240,14
SB 50440 DATA 201.31,176,3.76,2

51, 136,201
3D 50448 DATA 127,144,32,75,251

, 196, 173,50
E7 50456 DATA 197,240,224,160,0

, 1B5.4G, 197
75 50464 DATA 32.210,255,200,19

2,4,208,245
D5 50472 DATA 206,50,197,76,246

,196,157,32
8D 504B0 DATA 157,157,0,72,173,

50,197,201
Bl 5048B DATA 16,209,4,104,76,2

51 , 196, 169
F4 50496 DATA 157,32,210,255.17

3,50, 137, 170
16 50504 DATA 104,157,21,198.32

,210,255,238
AO S0512 DATA 50,197,76,246.196

, 169, 13,162
B6 50S20 DATA 3,32,210,255,202,

16,250, 173
EE 50528 DATA 50,197,162,21,160

,19B,32,1B9
Bl 50536 DATA 255,173,24,196.13

3,250,173,2s
20 50544 DATA 196,133,251,174,2

6, 186, 172,27
55 505S2 DATA 196,169,250,32,21

6,255,153,1
BF 50560 DATA 141 , 21 , 20B , 32 , 163

,197,160,10
BO 50568 DATA 162 , 18 , 1B9 , 2 , 198 ,

32,210,255
C6 50S76 DATA 202,15,247,136,16
,242,169,32

40 50584 DATA 152,160,157.223,5
,202,20B,250

B9 S0S92 DATA 76,225,194,24,162
,5, 160,0

F6 50600 DATA 32,240,255,95,173

,23,136,208
8D 50608 DATA 24,173,249,7,141,

250,7, 165
00 50516 DATA 252,141.24,195,16

S.253, 141,25
70 50E24 DATA 196,169,1,141,23,

196,75,225
3A 50632 DATA 134,173,249,7,141

.251,7,24
19 50640 DATA 165,252,105,54,14

1,25,136,165
3B 50648 DATA 253,105,0,141,27,

136, 159,0
OS 50656 DATA 141,23,136,75,225

,194,40,84
SB 50664 DATA 41,65,80,69,32,79

.82,32

43 50672 DATA 40 , 68 , 4 1 , 73, B3 , 7S
.13,70

BA 506B0 DATA 73,76,69,78,65,77
,69,32

Dl 506BB DATA 63,17,13,32,32,32
.32.32

41 50635 DATA 32.32,32,32,32,32
, 32 , 32

83 50704 DATA 32,32,32,32,32,32
.32.32

Dl 50712 DATA 32,32,32,32,32,32
.32,32

F5 50720 DATA 32,0.255,256

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
80

£c commodore

from c475!'

£475*
£695*

■ Amlqi A500 TV *Mh A- 1

Tv/composila modular

■ Amiga ASOOM *i!h A1061
nigh-res colour nnnV.il

{'ThesaprlcMtaquIrs Commodore Amiga
voucher*, valid unlll 12th September only)
Prices Include 15% VAT. a FREE copy of
DaLuie Patnt. FREE delivery Id your doer,
one year wananty. Overnight dellvary [13

■ Amiga A3000 volh 1MB RAM. £1099
book 3 .5" dish, mouse, software

■ Amiga A3000M: wlhAIDSi £1399
Mgrr-ros colon f frontier

■ Amiga A3000 XTM Aa above, £1899
plus PC XT bridge bo aid & floppy

■ Amiga A?000 HDM As A2O00M £ 1 9 99
plus 20MB ArrugaDos luv d disk

1 YEAR ON-SITE MAINTENANCE WITH
EVERY A2O0O AMIGA SYSTEM... PLU5

FREE GOLDEN KEY CARD!

Slay at over SOD top hotels aa oflen a a
you Ilka for a year, and lor each night'*
slay, )usl pay lor breakfast and dinner!

PERIPHERALS

I A208B PC -XT bridge board
unth 52V mlmnal disk drive

I AI264 PC-AT bridtjo boaifl
with 1 23" >nlornal disk drive

■ A501 plug-in RAM/Clock 512K £ 105

■ AS21 TVJcompostto modulalo' f 25

■ AI081 high-res colour monitor £335

■ A10I0 3 5' eternal disk dtivu £225

■ Cumana 3 5" external disk dilve £ 149

■ A30ID 3 5* internal dak drrva £199

■ A20G2 2MB internal RAM £399

£529
£749
£529
£629

■ A7D90PC 20MB internal hard
disk orlh MS DOS control**

■ A2W0 20MB internal hard
dish with Amiga DOS conirolor

■ MegaBoard 2MB add-on RAM £469

■ 4020 colour pnfflor £ 1 2 1 9

■ MP LaserJet lasur prlniei £1995

■ MP LaserJet Plua £2995

■ Scribble II

1B9

/// CREATIVITY

■ DlglPalnl

59 k

WA

■ Oe Line Paint II

119»

■ DoLu.e Video II

119«

■ Aegis VldeoScape

179 n

■ VlraWrila DeskTop

r.139«

■ Aegis Animator

99 II

■ Word Perfect

289 js

■ Do Luia Music

84 »

■ City Oeak

139 n

■ Sophus slereo sound og>tisor

139 ■«

■ Pag* Setter

99 U

■ SoundScape Pio Midi Studio

154«

■ True Basic

£59 n

/// PRODUCTIVITY

■ True Basic l Urates

39

■ K-Seka Assembler

64. «

GA

■ MCC Pascal

74 .as

■ AlC Fortran

249.ts

■ SuperBase Peraonal

£89 «

■ Lattice C3.I

144...

■ Acquisition

274»

■ Aegis Draw Plus

214 as

■ Loglallx

139.w

■ Dynamic CAD

339->

■ Analyse II

94 H

■ Cherry A3 Digitizing Tabid

549 «

■ SAM Basic

8fljH

■ Easyl Aa Or awing TabaH

414 »

(

mom

[Commodore UBOcomj £435
I Commodore 138 computer £239
I 512K eipanslon RAM £149

■ CommodOfo I57t disk flnvo £239

■ IWtC colour monitor £275

■ 64C computer £189

■ l&4tCUisk.drlVD £189

■ 64C Connoisseur Collection £245

Prices Include 15% VAT, FREE delivery
lo your door, and one year warranty.
Please add £1? lor overnight delivery.

UNDEATA81 E SUPERBASE A SUPERSCRIPT BARGAINS! I

■ SuperBase 12B

7*

£44**

■ SuperBaae 64 & Plus. 4

0fe

£34.* |

■ Superscript 1?S

Ia4s

44ai

■ Superscript 84

34w

■ Siip-iBjse: The Book

11 -

■ SuperBase Surfer 64

19-

| MORE SOFTWARE

BARGAINS FOR YOUR C64 AND 12S!

■ VtxaWrlle Classic 12B

*&

mm

■ GEOS 64 VI 3

*/4«

£44 n

■ VUaWrtte 64 (disk)

39 .

■ SwIriCalc t2B

sVos

54 ss

■ VUaWrlte 84 (carbidgo)

rjcCs

69.es

■ Data Manager 128

*J«*0

54 44

■ VtiaStar 128

■ s*- ■

99.*

■ WordWrllar 120

54 w

■ VliaSUr 84 VLB

79.*

■ Pocket Planner 128

«/<*

44 44

■ VluSlar 84 KL4

69*4

■ MlcroClerk 123

94 h

COMMODORE 128 and *4_ PROGRAMMER'S CORNER '

PelSpeed 12B
Oitord Pascal 128
Super C 121
Cobol 121
Hack Packi3B
RamDoa 138
Cl2BTilcka and Trpa
BralnBoa IEEE
Super Disk Doc
Slmon'a Basic 64
PetSpced 64
Oxiord Basic 84
Oxford Pascal 64
Oitord Pascal 64 iue«>
Super CC4
Cobol 84

Tho Basic 128 compiler, from Otfoid Systems <a4» £42 »s

Tho CompkHe J 4 W Pascal lor your 128 42.*

Complete C languagn, wflh eileratons yrii 42.1

The complete COBOL packnqe Irom Abacus j/Si 32.4

AO-in-one Programmer's Tooelil & Ram-Disk jjprfts 36.*

Lahlffctkg tail Ram-Otsk lor Si2K eipansion RAM 32 ■*

Essential read^a loi the i28 programmer r^i4* 9.4

Supports lEEE'PET disks A printers etc. (12A & 64) 79 s*

Roscuo youi lost disk data* (1541/70. 71. 4040) ijrt* 14 ts

F^oc/ammera cartrrdge Irom Commodoro s" 39.*

Tho standard 64 Base compiler Irom Oxlord Vts 19.5

AM- In-one Basic compilor, toolkit, comprosso* je<* 29.S

The complete J & W Pascal lor your 64 34

Pascal lor 64 tape users, as above / 19 as

Complete C language, wtih extensions s' 42**

The complelo COBOL package liom Abacus yAi 32.**

| IF YOU WANT IT TOMORROW-

CALL US TODAY)

ON 01-546-7256 |

Pircee are POST FREE S include VAT.
Order by phono with your crodil card,
or send choque'PO or your credit card
number Official cdoiB welcome. Wo
despatch ->■■ .. day by FIRST CLASS
post. II out knee ar« busy, why not try
Dur 24-hour recorded order service,
on 01-541-5185 ftai.aso

LAKESIDE HOUSE. KINGSTON MILL SURREY. KT2 7QT. TEL 01-546-7256

YORK ELECTRONIC RESEARCH

Commodore 64/PLUS 4 Products

6502 ASSEMBLER C64/PLUS 4" tape/disk" £12.99

A sophisticated two-pass symbolic assembler and text editor
which supports tape and disk tiling. The assembler, the editor
and your source and object code may all be resident in memory
simutaneously. facilitating rapid and interactive code
development. Recently extended manual with many examples.

Z80 EMULATOR/CROSS-ASSEMBLER

C64 ONLY disk £12.99

A unique integrated Z80 development package. The emulator
compiles Z80 source code into optimised 6502 which runs on the
64 at approx. one sixth the speed ol a 2MHz Z80. It supports all
but 20 of the 688 Z80 operations, calls to 6502 routines, and
interrupts. The cross assembler generates hex or binary Z80
object files. The disk also contains a powerful editor and several
example programs.

BI-DIRECTIONAL RS232 INTERFACE WITH COMMS.
SOFTWARE C64/PLUS 4 * tape/disk * £29.99

The 64 KERNAL supports RS232 via the user port. This interface
provides the necessary voltage conversion for direct connection
to RS232 printers, modems and other devices. It is compatible
with Easyscript and Superscript. The unit issupplied with 1 metre
of cable (add 75p per extra metre*) terminated in a 25-way male
(or female') D-connector. The software includes a terminal
emulator which supports split baud rates and auto-dial, file
transfer utilities, a menu driven port initialisation program, and a
transparent printer driver which vectors the KERNAL to redirect
device 4 printer output to the RS232 port

'Please specify

Prices are fully inclusive. Overseas orders add £2.50
Allow up to 1 week for delivery. Manuals available separately at

£100 each

YORK ELECTRONIC RESEARCH
The Fishergate Centre, 4 Fishergate, York Y01 4AB
Telephone: (0904) 610722

ADMASTER

THE'UL'frMATE GRAPHICS PACK

SUPERB GRAPHICS SOFTWARE
PLUS

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Q TROJAM

|ir.i<n. IV..ftl

166, IMIwyii. Diinva

C64 COMMUNICATIONS

Hook-Ups

Continuing our series, we look at the possibilities of
using the BBC as an intelligent disk drive interface
between the C64 and itself.

ast month I explained the
general principals of parallel
communications, the terminology, and
the method that I was going to use in
the series. Also I included as an
example, a simple memory transfer
program for the C64 and BBC micro.

This month I'll look at a more
practical application of the system. If
there are two things that are different
in the C64 and BBC Micro it is speed,
and more specifically disk speed. The
BBC Micro has one of the fastest and
cheapest disk systems on any home
micro. The Commodore 64 on the
other hand doesn't have disk drives at
all. Oh, they may look like disk drives.
But in reality there are little hamsters
inside that disk drive shaped box. that
listen to the information coming down
the serial bus and scratch it on the
surface of the disk in shorthand.

Tliis breed of hamster is very rare
and was bred specifically by
Commodore for the task. One of the
stranger things about this breed
(Hamstradus Floppus) is that they live
on the paper envelopes that disks
usually come in. If you don't believe
me, count the number of disks that
you've got, then count the number of
envelopes - see! Further proof is
evident when you swap disks in the
middle of a 'read or write' operation.
The miniature hamsters hammer on
the roof of the box to get you to stop.

So with these two things in mind.it
should be possible to use the BBC
Micro as* an intelligent disk drive
interface between the C64 and the
BBC Disk Drive, all you need is some
clever software and the appropriate

transmition protocol.

There is a small Basic program in
the C64 and the main program on the
BBC Micro. This is for two main
reasons. Firstly you can load IK of
data into a BBC Micro and then port it
onto a C64 a lot faster problems that

By Mycroft Appleby

you get with Basic getting confused
with machine code. The second reason
is that this series isn't designed to give
complete solutions to problems, but
rather to supply the tools and the
information to do the job. For this the
code must be in Assembler format
rather than strings of hex digits.so that
you can sec how it works. Most C64
assemblers are incompatible with each
other and interfere with the system to
such a degree that once the assembler
has taken a chunk out of the memory
map and written all over the pointers
you haven't a clue where you are.

So the program is in the standard
BBC format assembler. The C64 boot
program is only slightly different from
the one published last month, only
locations and amounts have been
changed. Some of the code on the BBC
side may also be familiar, as I used
many of the principals which were
discussed last month.

Starting Up

To load the software into both
machines, first load "Boot" into the
Commodore 64 and load "Disk" into
the BBC Micro. Run "Bool" and then
run "Disk". After about 35 seconds
the code will have assembled into the
BBC, been transferred to the C64and
then the BBC side will have been re-
assembled and initialised for the BBC.

On the BBC screen at this point
you will see a message indicating the
buffer size and a number. Tliis is the
number of bytes in the buffer and
indicates the maximum program size
you can load or save plus 256 bytes for
the header packet (which I've
explained later). Do not excede this.
To increase the buffer size, most of the
error checking has been removed.

On the C64 side you should have
returned to the "Ready." prompt.

Typing "SYS 49152' in the time
honoured way will initialise the
system.

At this point the vectors inside the
machine that handle the loading and
saving will have been slightly altered.
Tape and disk (if appropriate) will
work as normal, as will all other device
addresses except *8\ This will transfer
your program onto the BBC's
currently selected drive in the blink of
an eye. Likewise loading with a device
number of '8' will load from the disk
into memory as normal. Verifying is
not possible however, due to the
'burst' transmition of the data (i.e. the
data goes back and forth in one great
chunk and it is difficult to compare it
on a 'byte for byte' basis).

Alterations

If you have a disk drive already
attached and want to use it also, then
you can change the device number of
the BBC very simply. In the sections
'.BLODE'and \BSAV'intheC64half
of the program you will see that the
memory location 'device' is compared
to *&08*. This is the device number.
Change this to whatever number you
want above three (the system's choice,
not mine) and you are there. A good
choice (and one I use myself) is seven
as not a great deal seems to use this
device number.

How it works

Remember how last month in the
header packet of the transmitted data,
as well as where to and how long, the
packet also had a byte called *cmd\
Well, this is the command byte. In this
new system when the data comes
flooding into the BBC, it looks at this
byte and if it is a one it knows to save
the data. The first 256 bytes of the data
is special and holds various

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
82

C64 COMMUNICATIONS

information about the data, including
the name it is to be saved under. This is
extracted and the data is saved.

It' the cmd number is two, then that
is a load request. In this case only the
256 byte header packet is sent,
complete with various information
about the program, as well as its name
again. The C64 then just sits there and
waits. In this program it doesn't return
to Basic, but you can have it so you get
full Basic control right away and the
program just appearsin memory when
it's ready. This system works well but
needs a lot of care lo operate it;
*. 1 loop' is the area to watch. Change
the finishing off to operate in the IRQ
loop and perf orm a manual relink and
you are away - parallel processing at
last.

However, back to the plot. When
the BBC has found the program on
disk, it prepares a packet with a cmd of
three and sends it to the C64. lite C64
knows that three means 'incoming
program data' and treats it
accordingly.

A cmd of zero will force a memory
dump in any direction, just follow the
instructions for last month, this is
amusing for swapping screens and
messages, or changing somebodies
character set.

Protocols

The transfer packet looks like this:
data lo\
data hi /

len lo\

Address where data is going

len hi /

Length of data.

cmd Command Byte.

The program packet (first 256

bytes) looks like this:

Header t

Name

Punt: lion

0

u

Secondary addrcw

1

drive

Destination drive (unused)

MS

name

Filename

19-20

Marl

Origin «an addre« of program

21-22

end

Origin end address of program

23-255

Tree

Reserved lor luiure expansion

Next Time

I hope this system is of some use, I
can't abide my hamster drives any
more, the BBC drive is so much faster.
Next installment I'll sec what else I can
dream up.

PROGRAM: BOOT

5 REM CG4/BBC BOOT PROGRAM
10 P0KE56S79,0 : X-PEEKC56SB9)
30 P0KE56S7G, 147 ; L-49155
30 F0RB-0T010c?3

40 IFCPEEKCSS589>ANDi6J-0THEN40

50 I-PEEKCSES773:PrJKEL*B,I

BO P0KE56576 1 1S1:P0KE55576 1 147

70 MEXTB

BO END

10REM«**»»**««#*»»«»«*»in»»«»#

Jl Jl al

m pi m

20REM*»

»«

30REM##

Beeb-Disk

•*

40REn»*

#»

50REM»»

C64 to BBC Micro

• »

60REM»»

and disk drive

•*

70REM*«

system.

#*

B0REM«#

••

90REM«#

Mycroft Appleby 1987

100REM»»

w*

11BREH## »»*»**»•*»•#* »•#•#*»»*

»#»

120:

130CLS:PRINT"Buf f er space avai
lable - ";HIMEM-P6GE-60400

140DIM CODE 8*0800, C64code 8.000

0

150irq2v-!.206: ol dv«!.F8: f 1 ag=5-7
0:port=!.FE60

160ddr=port+2:pcr-port+12: ifr«
port+13i ier=port+14

170FQR PASS»0 TO 2 STEP 2

1B0P7.-CODE

190 COPT PASS

200. setup sei

2101da irq2v

220sta oldv

2301 da irq2v+l

240sta oldv*l

2501 da «newv MOD 256

260sta irq2v

2701da Hnewv DIV 256

2B0sta irq2v+l

2901da #128+16

3B05t* ier

Si Bell

320rts
330\

340. RESET sei
3501da oldv
360st* lrq2v
3701da oldv+1
3B0sta irq2v+l
390c 1 i
400rts
410\

420.newv Ida ifr

430and #128+16

440cmp #8.00

450beq finirq

460sta ifr

4701 da #!,01

4B0sta flag

490. finirq jmp toldv)

500\

510. get Ida #00
520sta flag
530. 1 nop 1 Ida flag
540beq loopl
5501 da #!,00

560sta flag
570rts
580 \

590. TRANSFER Jsr setup
6001 da #255
610sta ddr
6201da #128+64+32
630sta per
6401 dx #8-00

650.1oop2 Ida C64code,X
660jsr Mbyte
670jsr get
6B0inx

690bne loap2

7B0.lDop3 Ida C64code+256,X
710jsr wbyte
720 jsr get
730inw

740bne loop3

750.1oop4 Ida C64code+512,X
760jsr wbyte
770jsr get
7801 nx

790bne 1 oop4

B00. loopS Ida C64code+76B,X
B10jsr wbyte
820 jsr get
B30inx

B40bne loops

B50rts

860 \

B70. wbyte sta port
8801da #128+64
B90sta per
9001da B12B+64+32
910sta per
920rts
9303

940NEXT PASS
950:

960REM Start of C64 code to be
ported
9701

980por t«&DD01 : ddr«S<DD03: pa2=8<D
D00:f lagl-F,DD0D

990data»*F7: len=!.F9:f rnm»!<FB: i
mage»!<0338: hal f =8*0339i cmd=8«033A

1000irqv-&0314:oldirqv=!«0334! lo
adv=8«0330i savev=*.0332

1010CSAV=!.F5ED!sa-&B9:f len=!-B7:
BAD_NAME=B-F710:SAV MSB-kF68Fi sad
d-SiCl

1020eadd»tVAE:devi ce=«.BAt header-
fcCF00iname*8(BB

1030bStart-«.2B: LD_MSG=8.F5D2: CLO
DE=8.F4A5: N0_F I LE-I.F7 1 3: 1 v=8r93

1040FOR PASS=4 TO 6 STEP 2

1050P7.=B.C000:O»C64code

1060COPT PASS

1070. SETUP sei

10B01dM lrqv

1090stx oldlrqv

11001dx lrqv+1

1110stx oldirqv+1

11201dx # (NEW IRQ MOD 256)

U30stx irqv

11401dx #<NEWIRO DIV 256)
11505tx irqv+1
116Bcl i
11701dx N&00
1180stx flag

1190 Jsr SET_RECE I VE_M0DE
1200 jsr CHANGE VECTORS
IZlBrta
1220\

1230.NEWIRQ pha
12401da flagl
1250and #M0
1260cmp #8.00
1270beq noirq
12B0txa
1290pha
1300tya
1310pha
13201 da #8.00

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
83

C64 COMMUNICATIONS

1330 a half

2170sta

pa2

3020jsr

WAIT

13401da port

2IB0rts

3030 jsr

LDBYTE

1350and *!<80

21 90S

3040sta

cmd

1360sta image

2200. LDBYTE jsr LDNYB

3050 jsr

CHKCMD

1370jsr SHAKE

22105ta

half

3060N

1380jsr QTDATA

2220jsr

SHAKE

3070.dataloop ldy H&00

1390pla

2230j»r

WAIT

30B01da

len+1

1400tay

2240j»r

LDNYB

3090beq

1 astrpage

MlBpla

2250asl

A

3100-rloop jsr WAIT

1420tax

2260asl

A

3U0jsr

LDBYTE

1430.noirq pla

2270asl

A

3120sta

(data) ,Y

1440jmp (oldirqv)

2280asl

A

31301 ny

1450\

2290ora

half

3140bne

rloop

1460. WAIT Ida port

2300pha

3150dec

len+1

1470and #!.B0

2310Jsr

SHAKE

3160inc

data+1

1480cmp image

2320pla

3170jmp

datal oop

1490beq WAIT

2330rts

3180. 1 astrpage Ida len

1500sta image

2340\

3190beq

endrpage

1510rts

2350.LDNVB Ida port

32001dy

ttfc00

1520S

2360and

#!.0F

3210.1oop2 jsr WAIT

1530.SET_SEND_MDDE Ida »MF

2370rta

3220 jsr

LDBYTE

1540sta ddr

2380 \

3230sta

(data) ,Y

I550rt9

2390. RECEIVE Ida *S,00

3240iny

1560S

2400sta

half

3250cpy

len

1570.SET_RECEIVE_MODE Ida -S.40

24 101 da

port

3260bne

loop2

15B0sta ddr

2420and

M&B0

3270. endrpage rts

1590rts

2430sta

image

3280\

1600\

2440jsr

SHAKE

3290. CHANGE VECTORS Ida WBLODE

1610. WBYTE tax

2450jsr

GTDATA

MOD 256

1620jsr WLNYB

2460rts

3300sta

loadv

1630j«r SHAKE

2470\

33101 da

•BLODE DIV 256

1640 jsr WAIT

24B0.OUTPACKET

3320sta

1 oadv+1

1650jsr WHNYB

24901 da

data

33301 da

•BSAV MDD 256

1660j»r SHAKE

2500jsr

WBYTE

3340sta

savev

1670rt«

2510jsr

WAIT

33501 da

HBSAV DIV 256

16B0\

25201 da

data+1

33605ta

savev+l

1690. WLNYB Ida port

2530 jsr

WBYTE

3370rts

1700and »*.F0

2540Jsr

WAIT

33B0\

1710sta half

25501 da

len

3390. BSAV Ida device

1720t«a

2560jsr

WBYTE

3400cmp

H6.0B

1730and W&.0F

2570 jsr

WAIT

3410beq

dsava

1740ora half

25801 da

len + 1

3420jmp

CSAV

1750sta port

2590 jsr

WBYTE

3430.dsave ldy f 1 en

1760rt»

2600 Jsr

WAIT

3440bne

good_name

1770\

26 101 da

cmd

3450jmp

BAD NAME

17B0. WHNVB Ida port

2620 jsr

WBYTE

3460. good name Ida sa

1790and **.F0

2630jsr

WAIT

3470sta

header

1800sta half

2640rts

34B0jsr

SAV_MSB

1810txa

2650N

34901 dy

MSB

18201sr A

2660. DUTDATA ldy *S-00

3S00sty

header+1

lB301sr A

26701da

len+1

35101dy

«• 00

18401sr A

26B0beq

1 astwpage

35201 da

(name) ,V

18501sr A

2690.h1dop Ida (from),Y

3530c mp

HA5CC4")

1860and H&0F

2700 jsr

WBYTE

3540bcs

out range

1870ora half

2710JSR

WAIT

3550c mp

"ASCC'0")

18B0sta port

27201 ny

3560bcc

out_range

1890rts

2730bne

wl aop

3570sta

header+1

1900\

2740dec

len+1

35B0iny

1910. SHAKE Ida port

2750i nc

f rom+1

35901 da

(name) ,Y

1920*or BS.40

2760jmp

DUTDATA

3600cmp

»ASC ( " : " )

1930sta port

2770. 1 astwpage Ida 1 en

3610beq

str ip_name

1940rts

2780beq

endwpage

3620imp

PAD NAME

1950\

2790Idy

ft&Bfl

3630. strip name Jsr inc name

1960. TRANSMIT jsr 5ET_SEND_M0DE

2B00.1aopl Ida <from>,Y

3640Jsr

i nc_name

19701da port

28 10 Jsr

WBYTE

36S0dec

f len

19B0and aj-80

2B20JSR

WAIT

3660dec

f len

1990sta image

28301 ny

3670.out_range ldy "100

20001 da HS.00

2B40cpy

len

36B0.nloap Ida <namo).Y

2010sta half

2830bne

1 oopl

3690sta

header+2,Y

2020rta

2B60. endwpage rts

37001 ny

2030 \

2B70rts

3710cpy

f len

2040. SEND jsr TRANSMIT

2S80\

3720bne

nloop

2050jsr GENBBCIRG

2890. GTDATA

37301 da

ft|t0D

2060 jsr WAIT

2900 jsr

WAIT

3740sta

header+2, Y

2070jsr DUTPACKET

2910jsr

LDBYTE

37501 dx

sadd

20B0jsr DUTDATA

2920ata

data

3760stx

header+19

2090 jsr SET_RECE 1 VE_MDDE

2930jsr

WAIT

37701 dx

sadd+1

2100rts

2940jsr

LDBYTE

3780stx

header+20

21 10\

2950s t a

data+1

37901dH

■add

21 20. GEN BBC IRQ Ida pa2

2960jsr

WAIT

3800stx

header+21

2130ora «&04

2970jur

LDBYTE

38101dx

eadd+1

2140sta pa2

29B0sta

len

3B20stx

header+22

21S01da pa2

2990jsr

WAIT

3830\

2160and tt&FB

3000 jsr

LDBYTE

38401 dx

•&01

3010sta

len +1

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
84

C64 COMMUNICATIONS

►

3850s t u cmd

3B601dx Hheader MOD 256
3B70stX from
38B01dx fheadfr DIV 256
3890stx from+1

3900sec \ Gen len from eadd and
sadd

39101da eadd
3920sbc sadd
3930sta len
39401 da eadd+1
3950sbc sadd+1
3960sta len+1

3970inc len+1 \ Includp header

39B0\

3990 jsr TRANSMIT
4000jsr GENBBCIRO
4010jsr WAIT
4020jsr OUT PACKET
40301 da len
4040pha
40501da len+1
4060pha
40701 da Kfc00
4080«ta len
40901 da HS.01
4100sta len + 1
4110jsr QUTDATA
4120\

4l301da sadd

4140sta from

4l501da sadd+1

4160sta from+1

4170pla

41B0sta len+1

4190dec len+1

4200pla

4210sta len

4220jsr DUTDATA

4230jsr SET„RECEIVE MODE

4240\

4250c lc

4260rts

4270\

42B0. inc_name ldx name

4290inx

4300stx name

4310bne end_inc_name

43201 dx name+1

4330inx

4340stx name+1

4350. end_inc_name rts

4360N

4370.BLODE 1 dx device
43B0cpM #8<0B
4390beq dload
4400Jmp CLODE
4410. dload sta lv
4420cmp #&B0
4430beq not_ver
4440jmp NO_FILE
4450.not_ver ldy flen
4460bne good_l name
4470jmp BAD_NAME
4480. good_l name Ida sa
4490sta header
4500jsr LD_MSG
45101dy #St30
4S20sty header+1
45301 dy H8.00
45401da (name>,Y
4550cmp #ASCt"4")
4560bcs out_l range
4570cmp #A5C<"0">
4580bcc out _1 range
4590sta header+1
4600iny

46101da (na(ne),V

4620cmp #ASC("I")

4630beq str i p_l name

4640jmp BAD_NAME

4650. strip_l name jsr inc_name

4660jsr lnc_name

4670dec flen

4680dec flen

4690.out_lrange ldy #!*00
4700.nloop2 Ida <name) ,Y
4710sta header+2,Y
47201 ny
4730cpy
4740bne
47501da
4760sta
47701 dx
47B0beq
47901dx
4B00stx
4B10stx
4B20jmp

#(.02
cmd

Hheader

from

■header

f rom+1

#&Q0

len

#fr01

len+1

SEND

MOD 256

DIV 256

cmd

1 loop

#8-00

cmd

header +21
eadd

header+22
eadd+1

flen
nloop2
ttfrflD

header+2,Y
■■

basic
tfcBB

header+19
header+20
send_header
4830. basic ldx bstart
4840stx header+19
4850Idx bstart+1
4860stx header+20
4870.send_header ldx #»-00
48B0stw header+21
4890stx header+22
4900\
49101dx
4920stx
49301 dx
4940stx
49501 dx
4960stx
49701dx
4980Stx
49901 dx
5000stx
5010 jsr
5020N

5030. Hoop ldx
5040cpx K&C03
5050bne
50601 dx
5070stx
50B01dx
5090stx
51001dy
5110sty
5120clc
5130rts
5140\

5150.CHKCMD ldx cmd
3160beq not_disk
517Bjmp disk
51B0.not_disk
5190\

5200. disk ld<
5210pha
52201 dx len+1
5 230 d ex
5240txa
S250pha
52601 dx
52703tx
52801 dx
5290stx
53001 dx
5310stx
53201 dx
5330stx
5340jsr
53501 dx
5360s tw
53701 dx
5380stx
53901 dx
3400bne
54101dx
5420stx
54301 dx
5440stx
5450. mc
5460sta
5470pla
54B0sta
5490rts
5500]
5510NEXT

rts

la len

#F.UB
len
#&01
len + 1

#header MOD 256
data

Hheader DIV 256

data+1

data loop

header+19

data

header+20

data+1

header

mc

bstart

data

bstart+1

data+1

pla

len+1

len

PASS

5520CALL TRANSFER
5530CALL RESET
5540:

55S0HIMEM»HIMEM-e-0400:CODE=HIME

M

5560i rq2v=&206i ol dv&FB: f rom=&8
0idata=8fB2iport=J.FE60

357Bddr=port+2i pcr»port + 12: i f r —
port* 13: ier=port+14

55B0cmd=&84i len-<V85: f lag=*<87j ha
If =e»B8i i mage"!c89ibuf f er=&,90

5590OSBYTE"8.FFF4tOSFILE=8.FFDDiO
SLI=&FFF7

5600FOR PASS=0 TO 2 STEP 2

5610PX=CODE

5620COPT PASS

5630. SETUP sei

56401da irq2v

56S0sta oldv

S6601da irq2v+l

56705ta oldv+1

5680. RESETUP sei

36901da #<nenv MOD 256)

S700sta irq2v

57101da «(newv DIV 256)

5720sta irq2v+l

57301da #128+16

5740sta ier

5750c 11

5760Jsr SET RECEI VE_MQDE

5770rts

5780\

5790. newv Ida ifr
5B00and #128*16
5B10cmp NS,00
5B20beq finirq
5B30sta ifr
5B40j B r RECEIVE
5B50. finirq Jmp (oldv)
5B60\

5B70.WAIT Ida port
58B0and M&40
5890cmp image
5900beq WAIT
5910sta image
5920rts
5930 \

5940.SET_SEND_MODE Ida #&BF

5950sta ddr

5960rts

5970V

59S0.SET_RECEIVE_MODE Ida #S<B0

5990sta ddr

6000rts

6010\

6020.WBYTE tax
6030jsr WLNYB
6040jsr SHAKE
6050 jsr WAIT
6060jsr WHNYB
6070 jsr SHAKE
6080rt«
6090\

6100. WLNYB Ida port
6110and #&F0
6120sta half
6130txa
6140and #8-0F
6150ora half
6160sta port
6170rts
61 80S

6190. WHNYB Ida port
6200and #*.F0
6210sta half
6220txa
62301 sr A
62401 sr A
62501 sr A
62601 sr A
6270and #&0F
6280ora half
6290sta port
6300rts

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
88

C64 COMMUNICATIONS

ATI Pl\

7lD0*LDNYB Ida port

/7T0\

o^^u.iihHKt iaa pore

7160and #&0F

B000. DSAVE ldx buffer

Lt T 0nnr M*.PC1

7 1 7Brts

6Jiii5ta pore

7190V

S020ldx burter*l

"I 1 OfTt f2TT\ AT A

"7 J~* r» BV »ta> | ( |A I T

fl J7I f • nr -

7210jsr LDBYTE

Qn c wi #1 ^ A x m

7Z20sta data

Mnfawadc l on

0->~«J J Br «Bt It

7230jsr WAIT

tti0/u*>ta tco'&nt

6400 isr MA IT

l. -Ulsr 1_Udi It

nClnill Mi hnKnr >l

DVCHBi Hi DUTTtrTl

64101da data*l

UnOPlarlr 1 an'l

DVJ7C/C1LIU 1 fl 1 T |

6470) fur WRYTF

7Z60JST WAIT

□ IvUSta tcD*&lor

64301 sr WAIT

/i/lflj5r LUL'T It

pi 1 0r 1 r

64401da 1 en

7ZQUSta 1 en

Rll Oil Ha hullar

DI1.1I1 ud Dili Icr

645.0 Isr WBYTE

7ZVU jsr WAl 1

m TDaHr- M*.IH*>

6460 isr WAI T

7o00JSr LUBYTt

□ i iwsca 1 CD

64701da len+1

/olvjsta len + 1

□ 1 RITil Hi In . 1 £ — 1- j. 1

oisujiua DuiTer + i

64B0isr WBYTE

/-iZBJ sr WAl 1

□ ia(7IiHi- ■i.aoi
a 1 oiaaoc n^/iuiu

6490 (sr WAIT

"7 *t T fi\ i — — i rvo\/TC
/o-iBJsr Ll/BYih

C31 "7 f 1 r- * r ^uii nt

6500lda cmd

7^4usta end

uitJmdx Htcb nuD *,56

1 l •■ - WPYTF

"7 T r fl| J— — 1 llyfmft

/Jw>0JBr LrlKUriU

HlYlfllay WtCD U1V ^36

6*i?0i";r WAIT

i : ."Tf>, . a

7370 1.da len

ci *7 1 A i a or r t 1 r*
SZlUJsr DSFILt

a jtti \

-» Tril7^ U b

73B0pha

cjjc.uuiuhih lay indfiw

73V01 da i en+ l

nmn\
CI . \

ASAP) 1 Ha 1nr\+1

*r a rnntn ^ —
7-lV0Opn4i

mini x «— k> cm m 9 iflfniAfTi \ t » ■ - - -

EL'uu F<00U0 \ r 1 1 ename

jt» J Hfc 1 a r 4.1 fl ~i /™1

o.i 'VluPq 1 anwpdqP

H.DWtiJUU r'Hiflifltfl \ Load Address

ACQII u l --n IHa llpnuil V
OJDiJ« WI OOp tOll IT r QUI ) (I

/ 1Z0J da l i?n*l

i^.owt. uliu ?"0H0W \ fcxecution Addr

.1 icr- UIBVTF

U J 7 VI J J r hu 1 1 L

/tOWDeq lastrpage

PS5

AAflPl.mR WAIT

/lllfl. ri oop jsr WMl l

Oic/iotuuu 4>UjK]icjla \ start Hdcress

6 6 1 Cli n v

7nin ini' i nnvTP
/•t jfljer lwbi it

R?Ot1FGI in f.PIKPH \ PnH MMraaa

A* h\ n o ul nnn

/lowsta (data> ,Y

btoioi ni nan i-ii-

oo*+w inc trorn+i

7480bne rloop

Q7»rt( _J _ r

aoiuida Dufter

7** t /udec len+i

P.T?0ar1r a '.PI 1

QJfcVJdUL tt '> %J i_

r^/ii/iPl 1 .i r k 1' .in f? 1 rid 1 oft

/DUUinc data+i

J-- i-m 7 (AF** £3 rt p— k 4 . I "I |™1

cicj/HDeq pnowpsqc

7510jmp dataloop

QOItllua DUt tBrti

AAFK7I1 Hu MLnoi

7520. lastrpage Ida len

D-'JiiilllC H '.' t: li)

tlOI» 1 i-if-tn 1 1 Ha ( Ipnm 1 V

□ u7u * i uu^j i i uq lTr um/ ■ i

7530c eq endrpage

DoOV)5Ca tCD*(**j1

67PI0 Iv WRYTF

75401dv "(-00

0*t7IDIH>> mid

671 B.TiR MA I T

7550.1oop2 jsr WAIT

n'oni h ^ 1 1-1. 1 4 1 <->.- \ v
□>>aui aa iDutteri ,v

A7?Pli nw

7560 jsr LDBY Tt

DOTlOsia uaCB

A J 73flmv 1 f*r>

7D70sta (data) T Y

a •• 1 ny

A7flPthn»= lnnnl

/DaUi ny

□Hiuioa iDuiterj < *

A . pn Hvjn Anp rfe

f L ~ CI f7* fi a a 1 ix r l

/ovwepy len

□1 justa daca+i

7600bnr loop2

n(i7(ii _> _

61301 da buffer

Of ( 111

7610. endrpage pla

o/kiu. inHiiani 1 Jar ac i _ai:n(u_nuuc

7620sta len*l

n ac(ii 1 _ * 4 *

Bl301da buffer+i

679P) Ha nnri

u/rK/LUO pur L

7630pl a

uflfiHstfl fCb*!«03

6R00AnH Hf'40

76405ta len

Q 7rt ! mi mm
o4/Uldx

API flft^A i ffldllA

7650rts

rJibWstx tcb*&06

68201 da (*!>00

if do IB \

r ■ U 1 1 - »ICD 1/ 1 V *^ JO

6B30Bta half

/□/di HCLbl Vc Ida nC'kjhj

RSPItfll rlv rh MRP "" r ".--

ARflPir t >i

UU *tj- . u

76B0sta naif

DC 1 (71 1 H •« ilf.CC

76901da port

□tin nccn c
tlDitJ J sr U3r ILt

AflAn crKin *«r- trakiqhit
octlti^/ . at.OJLf jar 1 r\HIN3Pll 1

7 _i mi Art

7700and B4«40

DJ -MO \

AR70 i<?r RFNA4IRQ

77105ta image

DO*tui ox Duller

AQQC?l>er- '.J.'i I T

772BJSP SHAKE

ojjHsik from

icor" , c ni iTPflrfFT
ODrilj v uu I f HLl'.i: I

7730jsr GTDATA

aD601dx buffer+1

A<JIBCTief- HI 11 Dfllfl

7740rts

rJD/ustx trom+l

AO10I <cr CCT RPPPTUF HHHP

□ TlUjai JL 1 nLLulVL I IUUL

7750N

038UI0K TCD + viklH

av<Kjr is

7760.CHKCnD ldn cmd

bjvUot* len

OtJO \

7770beq ok

77QB1 dw butter

Dt1 np^li 1 1-1 n J. f

aoiuscx 1 en+l

A^^fTlcfra ri r- r~

77"r\Dszx data

69601 Ha *t 1 7R+64+32

/oU0ld:( ouTter+i

nojustx cmo

A^VPJr.ta nrr

/blUstM data'l

ao4iajsr btNU

~t □ "7 rji i «_

/D^fl.OK rts

bojkirts

6990\

7000.LDEYTE Isr LDNYB

/D"*»l.UbtlUK Ida ".ilJ

ni 7rt f \ 1 1 JC All IM in** u« n 1

□a / «7. Un 1 Vt rtUn Idy Hcilul

7010sta half

711M" flCOVTC

/UJdJSr USoI 1 t

L' ;: J V 1 ' J d IdliI Ipr i , t

70Z0isr SHAKE

/□oUiSbX Dutler

flAQRaf m Hp- < iyn

ooTdscii drive

70301'i'" WAIT

/D/IOSty DultBr*!

H7H1PI rlv Mime I MDH 7C1
D/kJIOluX HOS1 nUU (JO

7R-10 Isr 1 DNYB

7 n cub nn^t ii i- i -( >■ nn
/ If tHO • nPW_t 1 I e i OX W

n7i(7iiH>> kiin 1 nin "cit
D'lUldy io"! ui v 1 jo

7050351 A

7B90sti« cmd

B720j«r DSL I

7060asl A

7900.dloop Idx cmd

B730rt«

7070asl A

7910beq dloop

B740S

70B0asl A

7920cpx *!.0i

B750.asl EOUS "DRIVE "

7090ora half

7930bne not_dsave

B760. drive EQUB S.00

7100pha

7940jsr DSAVE

B770EDUB &0D

7110jsr SHAKE

7950.not_dsave cpx lt!.02

B7B0S

712Bpla

7960bne not_dload

8790]

7130rtB

7970j5r DLOAD

BB00NEXT PASS

7140\

79B0.not_dload Jmp neN_flle

88 IOC ALL SETUP

8820CALL DSETUP

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
86

7 JTJ7.n.\7Jj J7J7J7J7J7J7.n-\

1

OFFICIAL COMMODORE/AMIGA DEALER

COMPUTERS

Amiga 2000 1Mb - 10B1 Colour Mon

Amiga 500 512K - 1081 Colour Mon

Amiga 500 512K - Dpaiti! * Modulator

Commodore 12HO Desktop (NEW( „_u

CommorJam l?B • 10 Tapes or Disks

PRINTERS

Cdizen 120D Dol Matrix 120cps & NLO
Commodore MPS1200 120cps & NLO ....
Commodore DPS1101 Daiay*r>eet

160-1.25
691.00
£461.00
E379.00
22900

Slflr NL10 tor C64/126 120cps & NLO.
OMmate 20 Colour lor Amiga

MONITORS

Commodore 1901 Col Mon inc lead

Commodore lOhl Colour Monitor

Ptiiiips KoJj Col Mon inc lead -

Ptiilipi BM7502 Qreen Mon inc lead -.

MISCELLANEOUS

Commodore 1541C Desk Drive -

Commodore I5'l Disk Drive

Cumann CAX3S4 Amiga Disk Drive

Commodore C2N Data Recorder
Cenl Interlace for C64/128

195 00
249.00

179.00

219.00
1*M0

2M.00
291 .00
299.00
B2.80

1B2.65
239.00
135.00
35.00

Supor-G Conl Inler! • Grapnics

HS232 Interlace with disk software

User port printer cable.

Commodore 64 Power Supply

Amiga Modulator

Surge ProlCCtOi 13 Amp Plug lAdapief £14.95)

Amiga DOS Re< Manual (p&p £2)

Cl?B Official Prog's Ret Guide (pip £2)..

C64 Official Prog s Rel Guide (p«p £2) .....

SOFTWARE (EXAMPLES)

Amiga VIP Professional

Amiga Scribble 2

Amiga 5u per base

34.95

. 57.44
15.99

26.45

24.00
11.95

16.95

1B.95
7.95

tlUll>tl>tlll

«««t*it.

129.00
79.00
B6.BS

49.00

21 .99
23.99

7

GEdS for C84 — geoPami gcoWrile etc
GEOS Fonlpack 1 with 20 Fonts

GEOS Deskpack —

GEOS Writer s Worksnop'GEOCALC/GEOFlLE eictv...

Superbase 128 Programable Database 55.95

Superscript 128 Word Processor — 45.95

Taswo-d 64 40/60 Col WP - Tape/Disk. 17.95/19.95
VlzaWrite Classic 1 28 WP - Spell Check - 79.35

ALL PRICES INC. VAT. CARRIAGE £8. EXPRESS DELIVERY £12
Software & Small items FREE

Vdta Pi SofawteJLtd

\

7

7 \ T _A T \ 7 _i 7 \ T A T _\ 7 J T \ 7_l7.i7J7j 7 _i

ABACUS SOFTWARE products

from ADAMSOFT

COBOL

for the C-64 and C-128

fVow learn inn universal
Dusmets languagw on
your Commodore 64 or
Commodore 128'

COBOL '8 Ine most widespread Dunnm pioQrammir>g language in usa toddy How you can
run thu »av lo ui Engliin-lile language on your C-fM w>iniheea*y-lo-leain COBOL Syiiam
pacUge The COBOL System leaiures a syntan-cftecking editor, interpreter compiler and
a numc** ol lymDOdC debugging aidi a cruncn function to reduce IN- memory me ol your
a of ml nn'prmr o" 'eaiure and mucn mait includes sample program* lo help you
'earn as you go. as wen as a complete <50-pege manual

Both versions on 1 disk

£34.95

for C-64 or C-128

PPM

Personal
Portfolio Manager

PPM is I ho most comprerwmive portfolio managemeni lyslem available lor ine C-64 and C-
128 Recommended lor independent or prolmuonal investors. PPM lets you custom lie your
reports according to your needs PPM led you manage stocka. bonds mutual funds treasury
bills, record ta.nblo v non-ta«aOle dividends and interesl income, reconcile each brokerage
account casn balance win ine Yeai-To-Dale iranjaciion die The untgue report genefator
rmKwn any lype ol repon needed lo view or anBlyxe a portfolio or security.
For C-64 £34 95

For C-128 £44 95

TAS

lor C-64 or C-128

Technical
Analysis System

Our Technical Analysis System Package in lor the serious stock market investor TAS analyzes
and Chans technical indicators 10 help the investor dolvmino when lo buy and sell securities
Our new enhanced version is up to 3-4 limes faster than the original Track high, low, dose,
volume, bio and ask by date Place JOOpenods of information lor up to 10 dil'erent issues on a
dala diskette, lormatting more data diskettes possible for larger portfolios Bulk) a variety of
chart lypes on Ihe split screen 7 moving averages. 3 oscillators. 5 volume indicators,
companion charts for 2 difloront issues. I'admg hand* and least squares The new C-128
version incorporates power! ul new features such as macros, and gu>ck-draw charts using up to
lour windows Uses I or 2 disk drives Hardcopy lo mosl dol main* printors

For C-64 £34.95

For C-128 DEDUCT 10% if you £44.95

purchase 2 or more Abacus Software products.

All software products are on disk.
Free postage on U.K. and overseas orders. We stock the entire range of Abacus Sol l warn
product* and books. Send SAE lor catalogue. Generous dealer larmi available. Access (not
Visa) or Iranscash orders accepted (a>C 687944007). Add CI .SO COD. Callers by appointment .

ADAMSOFT (Dept YC) 18 Norwich Avenue. Rochdale,
ft 3 ^ Lanes 0L1 1 5JZ. Tel: 0706-524304.

^ INFO MAT
for

AMIGA '

FEATURES

• All AmigaDos 1.2 Commands in easy
reference format.

• Understand what those dreaded
"Gurus" mean.

• Ideal for use as a MOUSE MAT.

• Virtually indestructable high grade plastic.

• Size 11" by 14"

• Only £4.95 (inc p&p)*

(Available soon. MSDOS and Atari ST versions)

COMMODORE 128 COMPANION

by Tim Arnot

• More about BASIC 7.0 than you knew existed

• Kernal. Editor & Basic jump tables revealed!

• Complete memory maps for 128 and 64 modes

• Detailed hardware descriptions

• Lies flat when open!

• 340 pages

• Only £9.95 (inc p&p) *

ISBN 1 670381 00 9
Available from:

BitStream Publishing (Dept. Y4)
26-28 OSBORNE ROAD,
SOUTHSEA, HANTS. P05 3LT.

* Add £1.00 for overseas orders.

A Microtexl Adaptor turns your C64 or 128 into a sophisticated
Teletext receiver giving you access to the very latest information
al the touch ol a button. Amongst Its features are:-

* 24 x 40 full colour text and graphics display.

* Teletext pages may be saved to disc or cassette.

* Print out page to any printer on the serial bus.

* Teletext may be accessed and used by your own programs.

* Easy to use single key 'unctions for "Next page", "Reveal" etc

The Teletext services from Ceefax or Oracle are free, there's the
latest world news and software reviews, sports or financial
results, there's recipies. whats on TV and much much more,
hundreds of pages, constantly updated - A world of information
at your fingertips. Supplied with a manual and a lead, the
Microtext Adaptor fils neatly on the user port. The lead connects
to the "VIDEO OUT" socket of a video recorder.

Just £69.95 inc. P4P (Overseas add £2.00).

'I wouldn't hesitate to recommend this to anyone'.
— Your Commodore Jun 1987

MICROTEXT TUNER NOW AVAILABLE

Our own Tuner has been specially designed to provide the signa
hat the Adaptor needs, thus eliminating the need for a video
recorder. Just plug in the aerial, it tunes itself in (!) and channels
re selected from the keyboard. The whole system consists of a
Microtext Adaptor. Tuner, Power supply, lead and manual and
costs just £114.80 Inc P4P (128D owners add £8.50 (or user port
extension lead).
Only from:-

MICROTEXT

Dept YC. 7 Birdlip Close, Horndean. Hants. P08 9PW

Telephone: 0705 595694 I

C16 & PLUS/4 GAME

Rebound

A superb breakout style game for C16 and
Plus/ 4 owners.
Bv KM. Lawrence

M. t's funny how the old favourites like space invaders and
breakout are still extremely popular with computer owners.

To play the game LOAD the program "REBOUND"
and RUN it. This will automatically LOAD and RUN the
machine code section of the program.

Use a joystick in port one to move your bat and hold
down the fire button to make the bat move faster. But be
careful - you have limited power to do this.

When you hit a brick it may turn into a 'mutant' and
Hash. From this state the brick may return to normal or it
may change into a brick that will affect your bat in strange
ways. The possibilities are: small bat. reverse controls orfast
ball. The latter lasts until you bit the ball again while the
others last for a certain length of time.

It is possible that when you hit a brick, a white dot may
fall towards you. If you catch this you get the chance of using
one of the various options that will appear on the right of the

screen. Pull the joystick down to choose the option that you
want, but remember, the more dots that you collect the
better the option that is given to you.

Oplions Available

Power - Extra power to go fast.
Cure - Gets rid of small bat etc.
Exit - Go to next level.
XBALL- Up to three balls on screen,

push up to release.
XLIFE - Up to 255-

Wall - Places a wall behind you so that
balls will not be lost.
When the game starts the screens are set to random
order. Press RETURN while on the title screen to play the
screens in sequence.

***************** —

?*^l**J?*******f*»?** —

p***^^<2.*j&!£*g*i**** —

^****£3EE&***s%
&*****&*****&****&* —

?***************** „„„„„
***************** R """ D
***************** " ai

****

5 55 S S yC/*^C^CX^Ov55 S S

Vn round

602

Getting it all in

Rebound consists of two programmes. The first,
REBOUND, is in Basic and should be typed into your
machine in the normal way and then SAVEd to disk or
cassette.

The second program, REBOUND M/C. needs to be
entered through the computers in built monitor.Toenterthe
monitor type MONITOR, type M 1000 to start entering the
program. You will now be able to enter each line of the
listing over the existing contents of the computer. You must
press RETURN to enter each line of machine code. If vou

have never used the MONITOR, read the relevent section in
your computer's manual and be sure thai you understand
what you're doing before entering the program.

It is important to note that your typing must be very]
accurate. The slightest typing error will cause the program
not to work.

When you have entered all of the REBOUND M/C
program you should SAVE it to disk or tape by using the
following command:

S "REBOUND M/C",01, 1000,3400.

II using disk change the 01 to 08. Cassette users should!
SAVE REBOUND M/C after the program.

YOUR COMMODORK October 1987
88

C16 & PLUS/4 GAME HS

MONITOR

PC SR AC XR YR 5P
; FFFF 00 FF FF FF F8

>1000
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19 20 IF
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20 3A 22
27 AD 07
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30 06
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60 20
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03 85
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03 85
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98 29
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2B 85
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13 AD
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54 00
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>1558
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M680
>1688
>1690
M698
>16A0
M6A8
>16B0

A2 00
FO CB
OA OA
B9 E8
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AO 00
AA 98
32 3D
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IB 69
A8 84
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12 A9

13 20
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00 00
00 00
00 00
00 00
00 00
00 00
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85 31
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02 91
07 A5
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06 A5
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14 AB
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20 B6
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5D 91
30 03
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2B 85
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00 00

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AS 30 49
OA A8 A9
30 9D C8
10 F4 E6
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88 C4 30
04 AA 98
30 C6 32
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12 20 44
00 8D IE
BD 14 20
40 DO Fl
8D 5A 22
00 00 00
00 00 00
00 00 00
00 00 00
00 00 00
00 00 00
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BD EC 14
14 AA 20
OA AA A9
BD 04 15
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30 C9 03
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31 C9 03
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FO F3 BD
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BD FO 14
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BD E8 14
OA OA OA
16 A5 2F
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9D 04 15
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4C CF 19
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01
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00 00 00
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01 85 32
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85 2B A5
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31 86 2F
BD 18 15
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2F BD EC
AA A5 2F
8D A2 16
OA OA AA
00 84 3D
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15 C9 59
OA OA OA
OA OA AA
00 30 9D

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03 FO BE
28 85 2B
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85 2B

EB

OA BD A2
2B A5 2C
30 A9 03
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2B 16 6D
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00
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FO FC FF

05 01 00

15 A9 00

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
89

C16 & PLUS/4 GAME

>16B8
>16C0
>16C8
>16D0
>16D8
>16E0
>16E8
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>170B

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>1718

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>1740

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>1760

>1768

>1770

>1778

>1780

>1788

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>179B

M7A0

>17AB

>17B0

M7B8

>17C0

>17C8

>17pO

>17Ufl

>17E0

>17E8

>17F0

>17F8

>1800

>1808

>1810

>1818

>1B20

>1B28

>1B30

>1B38

>1840

>1846

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>1B58

>1860

>1868

>1870

>1B78

>1880

>1888

>1890

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>18A0

>18AP

>18B0

>1BB8

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>18C8

>18D0

>18D8

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>18E8

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>18F8

>1900

>1908

>1910

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>1920

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DO CE BD EC
8D C5 18 20
10 8F 60 CE
9D 18 15 60
20 5A 11 A9
07 IB 20 B3
C8 EE 07 IB
DO 18 A9 FF

8C Fl
OE Fl
F7 AO
16 88
16 18
F4 16
B5 2C
FF 85
BD C5
18 BD
14 8D
C2 18
2B 8D
BD FO
E8 14
14 18
IB DO
01 8D
14 15
14 15
A6 2F
05 BD
14 38
18 C9
38 E9
32 18
BD 00
F4 14
BD F8
EC 14
14 18
18 DO

01
F4

8D
14

A9 00 8D
AA AD C5

27
18

F4 14

4C IB

L)U 05

FB 14

C3 18

14 38

32 18

IE 15

A9 IF

79 91

22 4C

20 B3

9D F4

1A AD

A8 20

E6 32 A2 02 Bl 2B

FO 7D C9 3B
FO BA C9 1A
30 OE FO C4
C9 59 10 04
CB CO 02 FO
C9 03 FO DO
28 85 2B A5
2C CA FO 09
18 C9 03 FO
C9 16 DO 11
03 DO OA A6
30 03 20 28
C2 IB 9D FO
9D EB 14 AD
14 AD C5 18

FO 7A
FO C4
C9 26
C9 3C
07 AD
A5 2B
2C 69
AO 00
B7 AD
AD C3
2F BD
1A A6
14 AD
C3 18
9D EC
4C 16
4E IB
A9 04
13 IE
C2 18
BD F8
C3 IB BD EC 14 8D
A5 32 DO OC BD 14

00
20
19

IE AO

00 00 00
9B 22 20
CE 07
19

IB

20

BD FO 14 8D
14 8D C4 18

FF 18 69 01
BD F4 14 49
9D F4 14 60
C9 3E 10 18

9D
FF

14
18

C9 40
C9 3C
C8 E6 3A A9 4B 85

>1928

>1930

>1938

>1940

>1948

>1950

>1958

>1960

?1968

>1970

>1978

>19B0

>1988

>1990

>1998

>19A0

>19A8

>19B0

>19BB

>19C0

>19CB

>19D0

>19D8

>19E0

>19E8

>19F0

>19F8

>1A00

>1A08

>1A10

>1A18

>1A20

>1A2B

>1A30

MA38

>1A40

MA48

>1A50

>1A58

>1A60

>1A68

>1A70

>1A78

>1A80

>1A88

>1A90

>1A98

>1AA0

>1AA8

>1AB0

>1AB8

>1AC0

>1AC8

>1AD0

>1ADB

>1AE0

>1 AEB

>1AF0

>1AF8

>1B00

>1B08

>1B10

>1B18

>1B20

>1B2B

MB30

>1B38

>1B40

>1B48

>1B50

>1B58

>1B60

>1B68

>1B70

>1B78

MBBO

>1B88

>1B90

39

42

C8

14

00

AE

CB

04

22

A9

01

00

18

98

AD

19

FF

2B

7C

2B

7C

E9

3F

32

C8

A5

A5

79

A5

1A

EE

1A

A6

E8

35

37

7A

7A

30

30

1A

AD

60

22

A8

1A

2B

23

7A

E9

7E

9D

14

01

00

A9

F4

7E

82

A9

AD

18

IB

00

00

00

00

00

00

IB

C9

03

30

42

65

85

2B

5A

A5

BD

8E

9D

15

CC

A9

14

4C

55

00

00

IB

IB

7C

8D

29

29

19

AS

19

59

OA

B9

C6

34

33

1A

35

18

7B

EE

2F

14

IB

BD

1A

1A

IE

16

A9

7C

00

A6

B9

8D

18

AD

1A

06

19

00

AD

9D

9D

FF

14

19

19

FF

IB

69

60

00

00

00

00

00

00

20

08

DO

4F

Bl

2B

2C

A5

U

3A

15

CC

7E

9D

IB

02

A9

DO

8D

IB

00

7D

6D

19

7C

01

01

A5

2C

91

OA

OA

CB

32

OA

OA

CE

38

6D

1A

7B

A5

10

69

EB

BD

BD

AD

68

01

1A

00

2F

25

7C

69

79

10

CD

9D

15

7D

00

FC

9D

A9

A9

60

9D

IB

01

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

5A

30

56

A2

2D

85

A5

2C

FE

C9

FF

IB

19

B2

4C

85

4B

18

04

ID

00

77

C4

29

19

18

18

2B

E9

2B

OA

OA

32

10

OA

IB

79

E9

79

EE

1A

34

44

02

14

FO

7A

7B

6B

B5

85

00

A5

1A

1A

02

1A

34

7A

FC

60

1A

15

14

14

01

00

A9

F4

6D

6D

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

11

61
AD
00
9D
2B
2B
E9
IE

02 10
DO 30
A6 2F
FE FC
19 FE
66 19

37 A9
B5 38
A9 03
14 DO
00 00

00 00
19 8D
18 8D

01 AA
AD 7D
6D 7C
6D 7C

38 E9
00 85
4C A5
OA AS
AA A9
9D E8
F4 4C
OA 8D
6D 79
1A CE

02 A8
1A 8D
7B 1A
60 10
38 E9
A5 34
DD E8
OA OA
14 OA
1A CD
1A CD
A5 32
32 20
32 4C

00 00
35 36
4A 18
CD 7A
CD 7A
IB 69
AD 7B
1A 30

14 BD
A9 FF
9D 14
9D 82
9D 7E

15 A9
9D FC
9D 00

01 9D
14 30
1A IB
1A IB
00 00
00 00
00 00
00 00
00 00
00 00
00 00
Bl 2D
AD 02
07 IB
BD IE
3E IB
A5 2C
38 E9
00 B5
IB A5

37 A9
DO 01
BD FC
14 BD
00 15
DO 01
D5 8D
20 B3
85 37
EF 00

00 00
AD C5
7C 19
7D 19
BD 7A
19 49
19 91

19 8D

01 85
2C AD
IF 38
BA 85
07 85
32 E8
00 16
79 1A
1A 6D
79 1A
B9 25
7B IA
EE 7B
IB 00

02 DD
18 65

14 30
OA 8D

18 6D
79 1A
7A 1A
8D 7C
EO 18
7E 1A

20 B3
E9 02
6D 79
1A FO
1A FO
06 CD
1A 38
44 BD
82 19
9D F4

15 A9

19 A9
19 60
FF 9D

14 9D

15 9D
14 15
E3 00
OA OA
BD 1A
00 00
00 00
00 00
00 00
00 00

00 00
8E CC
29 OF
FF 29
C9 03
IB DO
98 18
69 00

01 85
2C 20
2D 9D

>1B98 26 IB A5 2E 9D 2E IB 66

>1BA0 68 A9 64 9D 36 IB A9 02

>1BAB 8D 30 IE AO 01

18 E8 EC

>1BB0 4C EO
>1BB8 B3 AE CC IB 60
>1BC0 30 IE AO 01

20
ID
A9

13 IE
IB DO
02 8D

20 13 IE 68

>1BC8 68 4C EO 18 00 4C A4 1C
>1BD0 4C AC 1C 4C 72 1C A2 00
>1BDB BD IE IB FO 2E C9 02 FO
>1BE0 F2 C9 03 FO EB C9 04 FO
>1BE8 E7 BD 26 IB 85 2B BD 2E
>1BF0 IB B5 2C A5 3C 29 07 09
>1BFB 30 AO 00 91 2ti CB Vi
>1C00 A5 3C 29 03 DO 05 DE 36
>1C08 IB FO 18 E8 EC ID IB DO
>1C10 C7 60 A2 07 A9 00 9D IE
>1C18 IB CA 10 FB BD 18 15 8D
MC20 19 15 60 BD 26 IB 85 2B
>1C2B BD 2E IB 85 2C DE IE IB
>1C30 BD IE IB DO 1C AD 07 IB
MC38 C9 03 30 15 AD 00 FF 29
>1C40 03 FO OE 18 69 01 9D IE
>1C48 IB A9 96 9D 36 IB 4C 56
>1C50 1C A9 00 9D IE IB AO 00
>1C58 BD 3E IB 91 2B C8 91 2B
>1C60 A5 2C 18 69 04 85 2C A9
>1C68 3B 91 2B 88 A9 3A 91 2B
MC70 DO 99 A9 3C 8D CC IB BD
>1C78 26 IB 85 2B BD 2E IB 18
>1C80 69 04 B5 2C AO 00 Bl 2B
>1C88 C9 20 30 2S AD CC IB 91
>1C90 2B C8 18 69 01 91 2B 20
>1C98 5A 11 A9 3C 91 2D 88 91

>1CA0 2D 4C 00 1C A9 3E 8D CC
>1CA8
>1CB0

>1CB8 IB 4C OB 1C A2 00 BD
>1CC0 15 DO 41

IB 4C 77 1C A9 40 8D CC
IB 4C 77 1C A9 00 9D IE

18

A5 34 9D E8 14
>1CC8 A9 16 9D EC 14 9D 18 15
>1CD0 A9 00 9D FO 14 9D 7E 19
>1CDB 9D 82 19 9D F8 14 9D FC
>1CE0 14 9D 00 15 A5 3C 29 01
>1CEB A8 B9 1C 15 9D 14 15 A9
>1CF0 FF 9D F4 14 EE IE 15 8A
>1CF8 OA OA AA A4 34 B9 70 OF
>1D00 9D 04 15 60 E8 EO 04 DO
>1D08 B5 A5 3C 29 OF DO 22 A5
>1D10 39 FO OD C6 39 DO 09 A9
>1D18 00 85 3A A9 42 8D 15 FF
>1D20 A5 38 FO OD C6 38 DO 09
>1D28 A9 03 85 37 A9 55 BD 04
>1D30 14 60 00 A9 00 BD 32 ID
>1D36 AD 65 ID DO 23 AD F6 ID
>1D40 30 16 A9 FB 20 70 DB 29
MD48 40 DO OE AD 5F ID DO 08
>1D50 20 F7 ID A9 02 8D 32 ID
>1D56 60 A9 00 8D 5F' ID 60 00
>1D60 60 35 34 33 27 00 AD 1C
>1D68
>1D70

IB 29 03 A8 B9 61 ID 8D

17 FF 98 OA OA OA OA OA

>1D78 A8 A2 00 B9 80 33 9D D8

>1D80 30 C8 E8 EO 20 DO F4 60

>1D8S A2 06 BE CA ID EO 00 30

10 IE BD B6 IE
2C AO
2B 20

>1DA8 5A 11 A9 3A 91 2D C8 CO

>1DB0 03 DO EE CA DO D7 60 A2

>1DB8 04 A9 30 6D 19 26 9D 61

>1DC0 OD A9 57 9D 61 09 CA 10

>1DC8 FO 60 00 57 32 A5 3C 4A

>1D90 22 EO 07
>1D98 85 2B BD AF IE 85
>1DA0 00 98 16 69 50 91

>1DD0 4A 4A 29 01 AA AO 00 BD

>1DD8 CB ID 99 61 09 C8 CO 05

>1DE0 DO F5 20 OA 21 4C FE 21

>1DE8 A2 04 BE F6 ID A9 53 9D

HDFO F9 21 CA 10 FB 60 00 A5

>1DF8 3C 29 01 DO 15 AE F6 ID

>1E00 FE F9 21 BD F9 21 C9 57

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
90

C16 & PLUS/4 GAME H

►

>lEOe DO 08 A9 20 9D F9 21 CE
>1E10 F6 ID 60 AE 30 IE FE 61
ME16 OD BD 61 OD C9 3A 30 OC
>1E20 18 69 F6 9D 61 OD CA 10
>1E28 ED EE 19 26 88 DO E4 60
>1E30 00 20 E6 ID AE CA ID BD
>1E38 B6 IE 85 2B BD AF IE 85
>1E40 2C EO 07 10 OF EO 00 30
>1E48 OB AO 00 A9 20 91 2B C8
>1E50 CO 03 DO F7 CE CA ID FO
>1E58 50 A9 FF 8D CA 12 20 DO
>1E60 21 A9 00 8D 63 IF A9 03
>1E68 85 37 A9 55 8D 04 14 A9
>1E70 00 85 3A 85 39 85 38 8D
>1E78 A3 IF 8D IE 15 A9 01 8D
>1E80 65 ID BD 5F ID 20 44 13
>1E88 20 BD 14 20 CD ID A5 3B
>1E90 29 40 FO Fl 20 44 13 20
>1E98 BD 14 20 CD ID A5 3B 29
>1EA0 40 DO Fl 20 DD 14 4C 72
>1EA8 10 20 25 IF 4C 1A 26 00
>1EB0 OC OC OC OF OF OF 00 4A
>1EBB 9A EA 1A 6A BA AD 1C IB
>1EC0 OA OA 18 6D CA ID A8 A9
>1EC8 02 8D 30 IE 20 13 IE AD
>1ED0 E6 10 18 69 20 8D E6 10
>1ED8 AD E7 10 69 00 8D E7 10
>1EE0 20 25 IF A9 60 8D 7C 15
MEE8 20 IF 15 A9 4C 8D 7C 15
>1EF0 20 EE 21 EE 1C IB AD 1C
>1EF8 IB C9 25 DO 05 A9 00 8D
>1F00 1C IB A9 OC BD 5D 13 20
>1F08 51 13 20 Dl 10 A9 OD 8D
>1F10 5D 13 20 E3 21 AD IE 15
>1F18 18 6D 63 IF 38 E9 01 8D
>1F20 63 IF 4C 66 IE A9 00 8D
>1F28 14 15 8D 15 15 8D F4 14
>1F30 8D F5 14 A9 80 8D 30 IE
>1F38 A9 00 8D 16 15 8D 17 15
>1F40 8D F6 14 8D F7 14 20 44
>1F48 13 20 5C 12 20 44 14 20
>1F50 27 12 20 IF 15 20 CD ID
>1F58 CE 30 IE DO E9 60 12 OF
>1F60 15 OE 04 00 A2 04 BD 5E
>1F6B IF 9D 51 DE A9 44 9D 51
>1F70 OA CA 10 F2 A9 30 8D A3
>1F78 OE 8D A4 OE 8D A2 OE A9
>1F80 53 8D A3 OA 8D A4 OA 8D
>1F8B A2 OA 60 A2 02 FE A2 OE
>1F90 BD A2 OE C9 3A DO 08 A9
>1F9B 30 9D A2 OE CA 10 EE 60
>1FA0 00 00 00 00 00 20 08 IB
>1FA8 29 07 DO 2F AD 07 IB C9
>1FB0 03 30 28 AD A3 IF DO 23
>1FB8 A5 3C 29 01 8D A3 Iff EE
>1FC0 A3 IF 98 18 65 2B Bp AO
>1FC8 IF A5 2C 69 00 3D Al IF
>1FD0 A9 03 8D A2 IF 20 FB IF
>1FD8 4C DC IF 60 AD A3 IF FO
>1FE0 FA AD AO IF 85 2B AD Al
>1FE8 IF 85 2C AO 00 AD A4 IF
>1FF0 91 2B 60 AD A3 IF FO E3
>1FF8 20 BO 20 AD AO IF 85 2B
>2000 AD Al IF 85 2C AO 00 Bl
>2008 2B 8D A4 IF C9 60 10 58
>2010 C9 40 10 6C C9 20 10 4D
>2018 OA OA OA AB A2 00 B9 UO
>2020 30 9D 08 31 E8 C8 EO 08
>2028 DO F4 A2 02 AD A2 IF OA
>2030 A8 A9 C3 39 08 31 09 14
>2038 99 08 31 CB CA DO F2 A9
>2040 21 AO 00 91 2B AD A4 IF
>2048 C9 59 30 18 C9 5D 10 14
>2050 EE CA 12 A9 00 BD A3 IF
>2058 AD CA 12 C9 06 30 05 A9
>2060 00 BD CA 12 60 4C 98 20
>2068 38 E9 60 OA OA OA A8 A2
>2070 00 B9 00 33 9D 08 31 E8

>2078 C8 EO 08 DO F4 4C 2A 20
>20B0 38 E9 40 OA OA OA A8 A2
>20B8 00 B9 00 32 9D 08 31 E8
>2090 C8 EO 08 DO F4 4C 2A 20
>2098 3B E9 20 OA OA OA A8 A2
>20A0 00 B9 00 31 9D 08 31 E8
>20A8 C8 EO 08 DO F4 4C 2A 20
>20B0 EE A2 IF AD A2 IF 29 03
>20B8 8D A2 IF DO 1C AD AO IF
>20C0 18 69 28 8D AO IF AD Al
>20C8 IF 69 00 8D Al IF C9 10
>20D0 DO 07 68 68 A9 00 8D A3
>20D8 IF 60 20 10 OF 17 05 12
>20E0 20 00 20 03 15 12 05 20
>20E8 20 00 20 05 18 09 14 20
>20F0 20 00 20 18 02 01 OC DC
>20F8 20 00 20 18 OC 09 06 05
>2100 20 00 20 17 01 OC OC 20
>210B 20 00 AD CA 12 30 24 OA
>2110 OA OA A8 A5 3C 29 07 OA
>2118 OA OA OA 09 06 85 30 A2
>2120 00 B9 DA 20 9D 00 OE A5
>2128 30 9D 00 OA E8 C8 EO 07
>2130 DO EF 60 A2 06 A9 20 9D
>2138 00 OE CA 10 F8 60 A5 3B
>2140 29 02 DO 05 AD CA 12 10
>2148 01 60 C9 00 DO 06 20 E8
>2150 ID 4C CA 21 C9 01 DO 25
>2158 A9 00 85 39 85 3A 85 38
>2160 A9 03 85 37 A9 55 8D 04
>2168 14 A2 02 BD 7E 19 9D FC
>2170 14 BD 82 19 9D 00 15 CA
>2178 10 Fl 4C CA 21 C9 05 DO
>2180 18 A2 00 8A 29 01 18 69
>218B 25 9D CO OF A9 3E 9D CO
>2190 OB E8 EO 20 DO ED 4C CA
>2198 21 C9 03 DO 11 AD IE 15
>21A0 18 6D 63 IF C9 03 FO Al
>21A8 EE 63 IF 4C CA 21 C9 02
>21B0 DO 08 20 CA 21 68 68 4C
>21BS CF IE AD CA ID C9 FF FO
>21C0 OE EE CA ID AE CA ID 20
>21C8 8D ID A9 FF 8D CA 12 60
>21D0 A2 00 8A 49 FF 29 01 18
>21D8 69 IB 9D CO OF E8 EO 20
>21E0 DO FO 60 A2 07 A9 00 9D
>21E8 IE IB CA 10 F8 60 A2 03
>21F0 A9 00 9D 18 15 CA 10 F8
>21F8 60 00 00 00 00 00 AD 63
>2200 IF FO 10 AD IE 15 FO OB
>2208 A5 3C 29 40 DO IB AD F6
>2210 ID 30 16 A2 04 BD F9 21
>2218 9D Bl OD A9 45 9D Bl 09
>2220 CA 10 F2 60 12 05 01 04
>2228 19 A2 04 BD 24 22 9D Bl
>2230 OD A9 62 9D Bl 09 CA 10
>2238 F2 60 AD 63 IF FO 14 A5
>2240 3B 29 01 DO OF AD 5A 22
>2248 DO 09 CE 63 IF EE 5A 22
>2250 4C B'C 1C 60 A9 00 BD 5A
>2258 22 60 00 AD 11 FF 29 80
>2260 09 08 BD 11 FF A9 00 8D
>2268 74 22 BD 75 22 8D OE FF
>2270 8D OF FF 60 00 00 AD 74
>2278 22 FO OD CE 74 22 DO 08
>2280 AD 11 FF 29 EF 8D 11 FF
>2288 AD 75 22 FO OD CE 75 22
>2290 DO 08 AD 11 FF 29 DF 8D
>2298 11 FF 60 A9 05 8D 75 22
>22A0 A9 BO 8D OF FF A9 03 8D
>22A8 10 FF AD 11 FF 09 20 BD
>22B0 11 FF 60 A9 05 8D 74 22
>22B8 A9 80 8D OE FF AD 12 FF
>22C0 09 03 8D 12 FF AD 11 FF
>22CB 09 10 8D 11 FF 60 A9 05
>22D0 8D 74 22 A9 60 BD OE FF
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00

00

>3140

OC

18

30

30

30

18

OC

00

>3148

30

18

OC

OC

OC

18

30

00

>3150

00

66

3C

FF

3C

66

00

00

>3158

00

18

18

7E

18

18

00

00

>3160

00

00

00

00

00

18

18

30

>3168

00

00

00

7E

00

00

00

00

>3170

00

00

00

00

00

18

18

00

>3178

00

03

06

OC

18

30

60

00

>3180

3C

66

6E

76

66

66

3C

00

>31B6

18

IB

36

18

18

18

7E

00

>3190

3C

66

06

OC

30

60

7E

00

>3198

3C

66

06

1C

06

66

3C

00

>31A0

06

OE

IE

66

7F

06

06

00

>31A8

7E

60

7C

06

06

66

3C

00

>31B0

3C

66

60

7C

66

66

3C

00

>31B8

7E

66

OC

18

18

18

18

00

>31C0

3C

66

66

3C

66

66

3C

00

>31CS

3C

66

66

3E

06

66

3C

00

>31D0

FF

FF

FF

FF

FF

FF

00

00

>31D8

FC

FC

FC

FC

FC

FC

00

00

>31E0

FF

FF

DF

F7

DF

FF

00

00

>31E8

FC

DC

7C

DC

FC

FC

00

00

>31F0

FF

FF

DF

57

DF

FF

00

00

>31F8

FC

FC

5C

FC

5C

FC

00

00

>3200

FF

FF

D5

D5

FF

FF

00

00

>3208

FF

FF

6B

6B

FF

FF

00

00

>3210

AA

A9

A9

A9

A9

A9

00

00

>3218

AA

6A

AA

6A

AA

6A

00

00

>3220

AA

B5

B5

B5

B5

AA

00

00

>3228

AA

5E

5E

5E

5E

AA

00

00

>3230

AA

A9

AS

A5

A9

AA

00

00

>3238

AA

6A

5A

5A

6A

AA

00

00

>3240

AA

A5

AA

FF

FF

AA

00

00

>3248

AA

5A

AA

FF

FF

AA

00

00

>3250

AO

6A

AO

00

6A

7C

66

7E

>3258

26

68

30

60

7B

FF

7F

FF

>3260

FF

7F

FF

FF

FF

FF

00

FF

>3268

F9

5F

7F

FF

D3

00

68

FB

>3270

F7

6C

C8

00

00

58

6E

7E

>3278

E8

FF

6B

28

20

E8

DF

FB

>3280

F5

F5

F5

F5

00

00

00

00

>3288

55

55

55

55

00

00

00

00

>3290

5F

5F

5F

5F

00

00

00

00

>329B

00

00

FF

FF

FF

FF

00

00

>32A0

00

00

FC

FC

FC

FC

00

00

>32A8

00

00

FO

FO

FO

FO

00

00

>32B0

00

00

CO

CO

CO

CO

00

00

>32B8

18

3C

46

D7

CF

56

3C

18

>32C0

FF

FF

FF

FF

9F

FF

FF

FF

>32C8

88

FF

FF

FF

FF

FF

FF

97

>32D0

FF

FF

FF

FF

FF

FF

FF

FF

>32D8

FF

FF

FF

FF

FF

FF

94

FF

>32E0

FF

FF

FF

FF

BF

FF

81

B7

>32E8

FF

00

FF

FF

FF

FF

10

FF

>32F0

FF

FF

FF

FF

FF

FF

82

FF

>32F8

BD

00

AE

00

80

FF

00

FF

>3300

B6

DF

02

F5

B7

00

00

FF

>3308

FF

B4

00

24

00

00

ft ft

00

ft ft

00

>3310

00

00

00

00

00

00

ft ft

00

ft ft

00

>3318

ft f*\

00

00

00

ft ft

00

ft ft

00

ft ft,

4 ft

48

E5

■x ft "i ft

>3320

00

00

20

00

ft ft

00

ft ft

00

ft ft

00

ft ft

00

>3328

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

>3330

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

>3338

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

>3340

00

00

00

40

00

00

00

7F

>334B

00

00

00

AO

00

12

00

00

>3350

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

FF

>3358

FF

00

FF

FF

00

00

10

FF

>3360

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

>3368

00

00

00

00

7F

00

00

00

>3370

00

00

00

00

00

00

FF

00

>3378

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

>3380

00

00

00

00

00

00

OA

08

>3388

00

00

AA

82

82

AA

AO

20

>3390

08

OA

AA

82

82

AA

00

00

>3398

20

AO

00

00

00

00

00

00

>33A0

02

02

OA

06

28

20

AO

80

>33AB

80

80

AO

20

28

08

OA

02

>33B0

80

AO

20

28

08

OA

02

02

>33B8

02

OA

08

2B

20

AO

80

80

>33C0

20

26

OA

00

00

OA

28

20

>33C8

08

28

AO

00

00

AO

28

08

>33D0

20

28

OA

00

00

OA

28

20

>33D8

08

28

AO

00

00

AO

28

06

>33E0

00

00

00

00

00

OA

2A

2A

>33E8

00

00

28

82

28

00

80

AO

>33F0

OA

02

00

28

82

28

00

00

>33FQ

A8

A8

AO

00

00

00

00

00

>3400

FF

FF

FF

FF

FF

FF

FF

FF

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
93

C64 UTILITY

Hide-It

Keep prying eyes out of your programme with this handy

utility.

e-lt will allow you lo protect
any Basic programmes that you have
produced. It alters a program so that
when it is listed, only a single line will
be shown and this will only contain a
SYS number.

Of course, Hide-It isn't going to
stop a determined hacker from
breaking intoyourprogrammcs. It will
however deter the casual intruder from
listing them.

All of the instructions are printed
by the Basic loader program, so you
should have no problems using the
program.

The machine code version of the
program is also reproduced here for

PROGRAM: HIDE-IT

DS 100 PaKE532B0,0:POXE532Bl,0

4B 110 REM *

0E 150 REM"* PROGRAM TD HIOE-I
T •"

67 130 REM

BB 140 :

03 150 REM--**"""-* • —

BA 1G0 REM" PRESENTED BY

34 170 REM*" JAMES R STRANG

AO 180 REM*" 11:0B:19B5

9B 190 REM"""""""""""

F2 200 :

56 210 FORB-0TO367:READArPOKE49

152+B, A: NEXT
01 219 REM CLR
AA 220 PRINT"CCLR:OSYS20B3"
3B 230 PRINT"1

07 239 REM PUS- 1 1 "CRD

E4 240 A5-"CRUSDN 1 DaUN113LaAD T

HE PROGRAM THAT IS TO BE PRO

TECTED"
D2 249 REM RUS-CRU

6C 250 BB-"CRUSDN,UP3THEN PUT T
HE CURSOR OUER LINE 0 AND H
IT"

09 259 REM RU5-CRU

7B 260 CS-"CRU50N,UPDTHE RETURN

, MOW OUER LINE 1 AND H

IT"

By James R Strang

anyone who wishes to customize the
code. The assembler used to produce the
listing is Speedy Assembler which Your

CF 263 REM RUS-CRU OFF RUS
CD 270 DS-"CRUSON,UP]THE RETURN
IF YOU NOW TYPE ERUSOFFD
SYS49152 C RUS0N3 "
70 279 REM RUS-CRU
Dl 290 ES-"CRUS0N,UP3THE PROGRA
H IS NOW PROTECTED FROM PRYI
NG"

H7 2B9 REM RUS-CRU

5B 290 FS-"CRUS0N,UP:EYES. NOW

SAUE PROTECTED PROGRAM , C5PC7

3"

2B 299 REM 2"CRD- S-CRR-RUS
OFF

12 300 GS-"CD0UN2. RIGHTS, RUSON]
HAPPY PROGRAMMING CPUS0FF3 "

B2 310 PRINTAS i PRINTBS: PRINTCS :
PRINTDS: PRINTES: PRINTFB: PRIN
TGS

21 319 REM 17-CRU

6E 320 PRINT"CUP17U0AD";CHRSt3
45; "FILENAME" ; CHRSC34) ; ",B";
NEW

AC 330 DATA 162.0.199,35,192,23
2 , 157 , 14 , 8 , 224 . 67 , 208 , 245 , 16
5,0, 141

BE 340 DATA 11,9,141,12,8,162,0
, 189, 102, 192,32,210,255,232,
224,251

SB 350 DATA 208,245,56,164,46,1

92,128, 16,35,169, 195, 141.4,1

28, 169, 194
3D 360 DATA 141,5,128,169,205,1

41,6,128,169,56,141.7,128,16

9.4B, 141

2E 370 DATA B , 128 , 169 , 70 , 141,0,
129, 169,8, 141, i , 128, 159,133,
141 ,24

20 380 DATA 3,169,254,141,25,3,
169,83, 133,43, 169,234. 141,40
,3.32

DC 390 DATA 89,166,76,174,167,0
, IB, 147, 17,29,29,29,29, 176, 1
92,192

B6 400 DATA 192,192,192,192,192

Commodore is using as a standard for
all of its machine code listings.

,192,192,192,192,192,192,192
,192, 192, 192, 192
D2 410 DATA 192,192,192,192,192
, 192. 192. 192, 192, 192, 192, 192
, 192, 174, IB, 29
A3 420 DATA 29,29,29.29,29,29,2
21 , 80 , B2 , 79 , 84 , 69, 67 , 84 , 73 , 7
9

69 430 DATA 78,32,93,69,82,86,7
3 , 67 , 59 , 32 , 49 , 57 , 56 , 54 , 32 , 76

81 440 DATA 73,77,73,64,69,68,2
21, 16,29,29,29,29,29,29,29, 1
71

74 450 DATA 192,192,192,192,192

.192, 192, 192,192,192.192,192

,192,192,192,192
□7 460 DATA 192.192,192,192,192

, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192

,192,192,192.179
CO 470 DATA 18,29,29.29.29,29,2

9, 29. 221, 32, 32, 80, BB. 79, 71 ,8
2

B3 480 DATA 65,77,77,69,32,73,8
3,32.32.78.79,87,32.80.82,79

91 490 DATA 84,69.67.84,69,68,3
2.32.221,18,29,29,29,29,29,2
9

E4 500 DATA 29,173.192.192,192,

192, 192,192. 192. 192,192. 192,

192, 192, 192, 192
B0 S10 DATA 192,192.192.192,192

, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192.192

,192,192,192,192
24 520 DATA 192 , 1B9 . 146 , 17 , 17 , 1

7,17,17,17,17,17,17,17,17,17

,17

17 530 DATA 17,17,29.29,29,83.6
S , 89-. 69 , 34 , 70 , 73 . 76 , 69 , 78 , 65

CC 540 DATA 77,69.34,44,56,44,4
9,32,32,32,32.32,32.32.32.32

D6 550 DATA 32,0,0,0,0.0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0

Getting it all in

You should have no problems entering
the Basic loader. The SYNTAX
CHECKER program found on the
LISTINGS page of this magazine will
help check your typing.

As menlioned, the machine code
version of the program has been
produced using Your Commodore's

own SPEEDY ASSEMBLER. You
should be able to enter this into any
assembler with very few changes.
N.B. You only need to type in the Basic
loader lo use the program. The
machine code is reproduced here for
those who want to see how the
program works.

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
94

C64 UTILITY

FILENnnE: HIDE IT

10

30

30

HO

SO

BO

70

SO

90

100

110

ieo

130
140
150
160
170

ieo

190
500
210
550
530
510
550
560
570
5B0
290
300
310

ASSEMBLY SOURCE CODE FOR DATA
SECTION OF HIDE-IT.
BY JAMES R STRONG.

ORG SCOOO
LDX HSOO
LA005 LDA LA001 , X

INX

STA SOBOE.X
CPX »SH3
BUt LA002
LDA ««00
STA SOBOB
STA SOBOC
LDX HSOO

i READ IN CHARACTERS FROM BYT

LA004 LDA LA003.X

; OUTPUT TD SCREEN

JSR SFFD5
INX

i ALL CHARACTERS PRINTED ?

CPX HSFB

BNE LAOOH
RTS

LA001 LDY S2E

350
330
340
350
360
370
3B0
3S0
400
410
450
430
440
4S0
H60
470

4 BO
490
500
510
520
530
540
SSO
5E0
570
5B0
530
600
510
B50
830
BIO
650

5 BO
670
EBO
690
700

CPY MJ80

SET UP NED POINTERS

LfiOOS

BPL
LDA
STA
LDA
STA
LDA
STA
LDA
STA
LDA
STA
LDA
STA
LDA
STA
LDA

LADOS

(tTC3

5B004

"ICS

S600S

"SCO

1BO0S

1S36

JB007

•1130

S500B

WS4B

IBOOQ

II SOB

10001

"SCI

VECTORS FOR Nfll, NORMALLY 5FE17

STA 5031B
LDA MFE
STA 103 IS

i' UECTOR START OF BASIC

I

LDA »SS3

I

i MOUES BASIC START TO NEU START
| AFTER MACHINE LANGUAGE

STA S5B
LDA KSEA
STA 50358

[' CLEAR SET POINTERS

710
750
730
740
750
760
770
760
790
BOO
BIO
B20
830
B40

B60

B70

BBO

890

900

910

950

930

940

S50

960

970

9B0

990

1000

1O10

1050

1030

1040

1050

1060

1070

1080

1090

J5R

PUNS FROM START

LA003

JMP
BRK
BYT
BYT
BYT
BYT
BYT
BYT
BYT
BYT
BYT
BYT
BYT
BYT
BYT
BYT
BYT
BYT
BYT
BYT
BYT
BYT
BYT
BYT
BYT
BYT
BYT
BYT
BYT
BYT
BYT
BYT
BYT
10 SPACES IN

SA7AE

IB, 147, 17
59,29,53,29

IB, 53,59, 59, 59,59
59.29

" l PROTECT ION »
"5ERUICE 19BS "
"LiniTEDI "
18,59,59,53,53,29
59,59

"I "

SS mMM1| _ a

•I . _ ^ H

IB. 29. 29, 29, 29,59
59,59

"I PROGRAMME IS "
■ NDU PROTECTED I
18,29,29,29.29,29
53.59

146,17,17,17,17.17
17,17,17,17,17
17, 17, 17, 17, 17
29,59,29, "SAUE"
*22, "FILENAME"
S22.",B,1-

ABOUE LINE

MAIL ORDER
ADVERTISING

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Advertisement! in this publication are required to conform to the
British Code of Advertising Practice. In respect of mail order
advertisements where money is paid in advance, the code requires
advertisers to fulfil orders within 2B days, unless a longer delivery
period is staled. Where goods are returned undamaged within seven
days. the purchaser's money musl be refunded Please retain proof of
postage/despatch, as this may be needed.

Mall Order Protection Scheme

If you order goods from Mail Order advertisements in this magazine
and pay by post in advance of delivery, Argus Specialist Publications
Ltd will consider you for compensation If the Advertiser should become
insolvent or bankrupt, provided:

(1) You have not received the goods or had your money returned;
and

(2} You write to the Publisher of this publication, summarising the
situation not earlier than 28 days from the day you sent your order
and not later than two months from that day

Please do not wait until the last moment to inform us When you write,
we will tell you how to make your claim and what evidence of payment
is required.

We guarantee to meet claims from readers made in accordance with the
above procedure as soon as possible after the Advertiser has been
declared bankrupt or insolvent (up to a limit of £2.000 per annum for
any one Advertiser so affected and up to £6,000 per annum in respect of
all Insolvent Advertisers Claims may be peld for higher amounts, or
when the above procedure has not been complied with, at the
discretion of this publication but we do not guarantee to do so in view of
the need lo set some limit to this commitment and to learn quickly of
readers' difficulties)

This guarantee covers only advance payment sent In direct response to
an advertisement In this magazine (not. for example, payment made in
response to catalogues etc , received as a result of answering auch
advertisements) Classified advertisements are excluded.

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Word Processing Features

• Over 65 powerful commands
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• 45 * Fonts {includes Russian,
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• floomforSSUPERFONTS
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itm »Mf«i "»"*■• Ui~ tin MMM nMBMM
mo'Hf —ii' MM ■>•■-> «• >i>:ii hjin-BO

Page number in decimal or
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On screen bl-lingual editing
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95

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9> SIMPLE DATA ENTRY All learn r.arnos are In the program Simply type in tho raforence
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• LEAGUE AND N ON- LEAGUE All English and Scotuah League teams are supported,
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C64/128 caa»

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5inoBd , ,

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disk

9 75
9 75
1120
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9 75
14.95
14 95
975
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14 05

1496

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2495
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READERS SERVICE

Software
for Sale

If you think that one of our programmes looks very interesting, but you can't
afford the time to type it in then our software service will help you out.

i

t's three o'clock in the morning. You sit at the
computer keyboard just finished a marathon typing session
entering one of the superb programmes from Your Commodore
Your fingers reach for the keyboard and press the letters R,
U and N. You press RETURN, sit back and nothing
happens.

Everyone has probably faced this problem. When it docs
happen it's a matter of spending hours searching through
the program for any typing mistakes. No matter how long
you look or how many people help you, you can usually
guarantee that at least one little bug slips through unnoticed.

The Your Commodore Software Service makes available
all of the programmes from each issue on both cassette and
disk at a price of £6.00 for disk and £4.00 for cassette. None of
the documentation for the programmes is supplied with the
software since it is all available in the relevant magazine.
Should you not have the magazine then back issues are
available from the following address:

INFONET LTD, 5 River Park Estate, Berkhamsted,
Herts HP4 1HL.
TEL: (0447) 7661/4.

please contact this address for prices and availability.
The Disk

Programmes on the disk will also be supplied as totally
working versions, i.e. when possible we will not use Basic
Loaders thus making use of the programmes much easier.
Unfortunately at the moment we cannot duplicate C16 and
Plus/4 cassettes. However programmes for these machines
will be available on the disk.

What programmes are available?

At the top of each article you will find a strap containing
the article type, C64 Program etc. So that you can see which
programmes are available on which format you will also find
a couple of symbols after this strap. The symbols have the
following meaning:

This symbol means that the program isavailable on cassette.

Please Note

Since the programs supplied on cassette are total working
versions of the program, we do not put disk-only programmes
on tape. There is no sense in placing a program that expects
to be reading from disk on to tape. ffi

MAY tnon

LOWER CASE GRAPHICS - Using lower case text on

your C16 and Plus/4 graphics screen. (On disk only).

C16 CHARACTER EDITOR - A powerful character editor

for the CI6 and Plus/4. (On disk only).

EVERYMAN'S GUIDE TO GRAPHICS - Ail of the

programmes from this fascinating article.

C64 SPRITE EDITOR - A comprehensive sprite editor for

the C64. Available for both disk and tape.

CEDIT 64 - A character editor with no fewer than 44

different commands. (Available for tape and disk.)

ORDER CODE

DISK YDMAY87 £6.00 TAPE YCMAY87 £4.00

JUNE I987i

DUAL PROGRAMMING Have two programmes in your
Plus/4*s memory at once. (On disk only.)
EMULATOR 64 - Machine code single stepper for the C64.
SMART LISTER - Make your listings smarter and neater
with this program. (C64)

PROCEDURES - Easier programming for the C64 with this
program.

C64 SOURCE GENERATOR - A powerful disassembler for
the C64.

LIST ENHANCER - Improve the LIST command of your
C64.

ANALYSER - A machine code debugger for the CI 28.

ORDER CODE

DISK YDJUN87 £6.00

TAPE YCJUN87 £4.00

JULY 1987

These programs are available on disk.

UTILITY COMMANDS — This provides many vital
commands missing from Basic 7.0 on the 1 28.
PLUS/4 AND C64 CRUNCHER — Speed up your
programmes with these handy utilities.

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
98 ' «

READERS SERVICE

PROGRAMMABLE FUNCTION KEYS — A utility to
make more use of the function keys on the C64.
DISKIT 5 — A handy routine to convert memory to dalu
statements on the C64. (Disk only.)

ARCADE ACTION — Gel those sprites with these handy
arcade routines on the C64.

CROSS REFERENCE — This program helps you sort out
your variables on the C64.

SUICIDE RUN — A fast and stimulating game for the CM.

ORDER CODE

DISK YD.1U V87 £6.00

TAPE YC.IULY87 £4.00

Order Codes

DISK YDAUG87 £6.00

TAPE YCAUG87 £4.00

SEPTEMBER 1987,

AUGUST 1987

DISKIT 7 - Copy your disk programmes to turbo tape with
ease. (C64 - disk only.)

PLUS/4 ANIMATED GRAPHICS - High-Res Animation
for Plus/4 owners. (Disk only.)

SMOOTH V ERTICAL SCROLLER - Professional titling
for video owners. (CM)

ORDER CODE
DISK YDSEP87 £6.00
TAPE YCSEP87£4.00

DISKIT 6 — Fast file copier for disk users. (C64 - disk
only.)

SCREEN MAKER — Design text and low-res graphic
screens with ease. (C64).

SCREEN DUMP — A Hi-Res screen dump for the C64 plus
MPS80I printer.

NUMBER BASE TUTOR — A C64 educational program
helping with tuition of number bases other than 10.
C16 SPRITE — Does your CI6 lack something? Then add
sprites with this useful utility. For CI6and Plus/4. available
on disk only.

WINDOWS — A text window svstem for the C64.

SPEEDY ASSEMBLER

Your Commodore's own assembler as used in our Byling
into the 6510 series, complete with manual.

YSPASSD £9.95.

YSPASSC £9.95.

Cassettes or disks are available from March 1986. Please
ring the editorial office (01-437-0626) for details of

these.

r

ORDER FORM - PLEASE COMPLETE IN BLOCK CAPITALS

NAME

QTY

TAPE/DISK

ORDER CODE

PRICE

OCTOBER '87

TAPE (£4.00)

YC OCT 87

OCTOBER 87

DISK (£6.00)

YD OCT 87

OVERSEAS POST£1

TOTAL

I
I

j NAME

j ADDRESS

j POSTCODE

I enclose a cheque/postal order for £ made payable to ARGUS SPECIALIST

j PUBLICATIONS LTD.

I All orders should be sent to: YOUR COMMODORE, READERS SERVICES, ARGUS SPECIALIST
| PUBLICATIONS, 9 HALL ROAD, HEMEL HEMPSTEAD, HERTS HP2 7BH.
^ Please allow 28 days for delivery.

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
99

MAIL

Tech Troubles

// you have any technical problems, write
to our agony uncle, Tim Arnot who will do
his best to help.

By Tim Arnot

Dear Tim,

I have a Commodore 128 and 1571
disk drive. After what I've heard
recently, just how safe is it to use the
back of the disk, especially with
programmes like Superbase?
Raymond North, Blackpool.

Hi Raymond,

The 1571 has certainly received its fair
share of criticism over the past few-
months. In essence, the problem with
it, is that under certain circumstances,
files that use the second side of thedisk
can become trashed. This trashing will
ONLY occur under the following
specific conditions:

Either one RELative file and one
SEQuential file is open or three
SEQuential files arc open. Of course,
one of those files must be on side two!

What happens to your newly
opened file on side two is basically this.
After 1000 or so bytes have been
written to the file, corruption of data
WILL occur. The resulting file will
contain only up to seven blocks of data
regardless of how much was written. If
you then COLLECT (validate) the
disk, the block count no longer adds
up to 1328.

ICPUG member Greg Perry from
Australia recently provided the
lollowing program which demon-
strates the problem.

PROGRAM; 1571 BUG DEMO

100 REM ••• DEMO OF 1571 BUG
110 REM CREATE RELATIUE FILE

TO FILL SIDE 1 • —
180 0OPENH2, "MAIN FILE", L254 : GOS
UB '120

130 PRINT "PLEASE UAIT - CREATIN
S RELATIUE FILE"

140 RN-710:GOSU8 390:REM PDSITIO
N RECORD

150 PRINTH2, "END RECORD"

1G0 REM UIRITE SOME RECORDS T

0 FILE •••

170 FOR RN-1 TO 40

180 PRINT "WRITING RECORD tt";RN
190 GOSUB 390: REM POSITION RECOR
D

200 PRINT*2,"THIS IS RECORD H";R
N

210 NEXT RN: DCLOSE

220 REM DEMONSTRATION OF ERR

OR •••

230 D0PENH3, "BAD FILE SIDE 2",W
240 IF DS-63 THEN DCLOSE : SCRATCH

"BAD*": GOSUB 420 : GOTO 230
250 D0PENS2, "MAIN FILE"
260 FOR RN-1 TO 40
270 PRINT "READING RECORD tt";RN
280 GOSUB 390: REM POSITION RECOR
D

290 REM ••• READ FROM REL FILE A

ND WRITE TO SEO FILE »**

300 INPUTM2,AS:PRINTA$

310 PRINTM3. "THIS IS A COPY OF R

ECORD «";RN; "-" ; AS

320 NEXT RN: DCLOSE

330 REM NOW READ BACK THE ME

SS WE CREATED

340 D0PENS2, "BAD FILE SIDE 2"

3S0 1-0: DO UNTIL ST<>0: I-I+l

3G0 INPUT#5 , AS : PRINT I , AS

370 LOOP: DCLOSE: END

380 REM POSITION RELATIUE FI

LE •»*

390 REC0RDH2, CRN! : GOSUB 420
400 RECDRDH2, CRN)

410 REM CHECK DISK ERROR »•■

420 IF DS<20 OR DS-50 THEN RETUR
N

430 PRINT "DISK ERROR" j DSS
440 DCLOSE: END

Run the program on a newly
formatted disk. A relative file is set up.
Oiling all of side one and part of side
two. The first 40 records are then
written. To demonstrate the bug, we
open a SEQuential file and copy the
contents of the first 40 records into it.
The resulting file is corrupt. You will
see that most of the information we
copied is missing. If you COPY
"BADFILE SIDE 2" TO "ANO-

THER", you will see something
curious - the file is now only two
blocks long!

This problem will occur with
Superbase. and any other application
that has more than one file open at
once. Program loading and saving is
perfectly alright, as there is only one
file open. Keeping to side one is also
perfectly safe.

There are new ROMs on the way,
but they have been held up by the
release of the new I28D. Commodore
should be able to supply them 'real
soon now'(!), so if in doubt, hassle
them. The cost is yet to be announced.

Dear Tim,

I own an old 4032 PET and 4040 disk
drive. I recently bought a Plus /4 and
1551 disk drive. My problem is this. If I
save a program on the PET, I can load
it on the Plus/4, but if I save it on the
Plus/4, 1 can't load it back on the PET

Can you help me?
James McHenery, Aberdeen.

Hi James.

The reason for this is that the LOAD
command behaves slightly differently
on the PET compared with the later
Commodore computers. On the Plus
/4 (or C64, CI28 etc), when you type
LOAD "ANYPROG", 8 the program
is loaded into memory, starting at a
place known as the 'start of Basic".
This is the place where Basic
programmes are stored, and it varies
from machine to machine. For
instance, on the PET it is $0401, on the
64 it is S080I, the I28is$IC01.andon
the Plus/4 it is SI001.

Additionally, the 128 and Plus/4

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
100

MAIL

will move the siart of Basic up to $400 1
if a high resolution graphics bitmap
screen has been created (the $ signs
indicate the addresses are in
hexadecimal, or base 16).

The important thing to grasp is
that these computers will always load
to the start of Basic, no matter where it
is The PET LOAD command is
different, in that it loads to the
absolute address from which the
program was saved, in the case of the
Plus /4.SI001. (If you enter the PETs
monitor by typing SYS 4, you can see
the program using the command M
1000 2000. which will display the
relevant portion of memory.)

In fact, LOAD "ANYPROG"8 on
the PET is exactly equivalent to
LOAD "ANYPROG'\8,l on the
Plus/4. In order to see a Plus/4
program on a PET. you will have to
move the start of Basic up to $1001.
This can be achieved bv typing
POKE40.I: POKE 41.I6:NEW before
loading the program. Analternative.if
you have access to a disk monitor is to
change the first two bytes of the
program file to $01 04.

Dear Tim,

I am moving to America in the near
future and I have a Commodore 64.
and want to take it with me. Because
the voltages are different, I know I will
have to buy a new power pack, but is it
alright to plug the 64 into a TV?
Keith Harrison. Kidderminster.

Hi Keith.

The short answer to your question is
no. You are correct in saying that the
mains supply is different - here we
have 240 volts at 50 Hz. and in
America, they have 110 volts at Hz.
Thus if you try to plug your 64 in. it
will not work. However, a suitable
transformer could be bought out there.

The essential problem is one of TV
standards. Even if you could get the 64
to function, American TV sets simply
do not like the sort of signals that
British TV sets thrive on. I will explain.

In Europe (except France), we use
a TV standard known as PAL (Phase
Alternate Line). This sends a little dot
of light across the screen 625 times.

each crossing slightly below the last,
until it reaches the bottom. This is
known as scanning, and the little dot is
called a raster. Each complete scan of
the picture is completed in 1/50
second. Thus, our TV sets receive 50
complete pictures in a second
(actually, that is a slight simplification,
but it will do).

In America, (and Russia) they use a
system called NTSC (North American
Television Standards Committee, or
better known as Never Twice the Same
Colour - if you've ever seen American
sit-coms you'll know why!). This only
has 525 lines in each picture, and the
pictures are transmitted 60 times per
second. There are also other
differences to do with things like
phase, but that gets complicated.

Thus, your 64 puts out 625 line
PAL and your TV will want 525 line
NTSC, and ne'er the twain shall meet.
Of course it is possible to convert one
to the other, but on a conservative
estimate, a box to do that will cost
something over ten grand. Sell your 64
and buy another out there. It's cheaper
and much less hassle!

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ACCOUNTS & PAYROLL

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applications from £49 + VAT to £150 + VAT.
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sales ledger, stock control, purchase and

nominal ledgers.
PAYROLL SOFTWARE — £80 + VAT,
including SSP, SMP and new N.I. rules,

easy to use and very comprehensive.
Available on approval for Commdore 64,
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Commodore disk drives and Enhancer.
Software also available for IBM
Compatibles.

30% discounts until the end of October 1987

E. A. SOFTWARE

Dept YC, 62 High Street,
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WR11 4HG
Tel: 0386 49339

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
101

Easy Entry C64 9

Listings

Get it right first time with our deluxe program system

for the C64.

J^ou may have noticed that our
listings are free of those horrible little
black blobs which send you searching
around the keyboard for a suitable
graphic symbol. You may also have
noticed the funny numbers by the side
of each line of the listing. Fret no more,
it's all part of our easy entry aid.

I nstead of those nasty graphics and
rows of countless spaces in PRINT
statements and strings we use a special
coding system. The code, or
mnemonic, is always contained in
square brackets and you'll soon learn
to decipher their meanings.

For example, [SA] would mean
type in a Shifted A, or an ace of spades
in layman's terms, and [SA10] would
mean a row of ten of these symbols.

[S+2] means hold down the shift
key and press the plus key twice. It
doesn't take a great leap of logic to
realise that [C+2] means exactly the
same thing except that the Commo-
dore key (bottom left of the keyboard)
is held down instead of the shift key.

If more than two spaces appear in a
statement then this will be printed as
[SPC4] or, exceptionally, [SSPC4].
Translated into English this means
press the spacebar four times or in the
latter case hold the shift key down
while you do it.

A string of special characters could
appear as:

[CTRL N, DOWN2,LEFT5,BLUE,
F3,C3]

This would be achieved by holding

down the CTRL key as you press N,
press the cursor key down twice, the
cursor left key five times, press the key
marked BLUE while holding down the
CTRL key, press the F3 key and,
finally hold the Commodore key down
while pressing the number two key (C2
would of course make the computer
print in brown).

Always remember that you should
only have a row of graphics characters
on your screen with no square brackets
and no commas, unless something like
this appears:
[SS],[C*]

In this case the two characters should
have a comma between them.

On rare occasions [REV T] will
appear in a listing. This is a delete
symbol and is created by entering the
line up to this mnemonic. Then type a
closing quotation mark (SHIFT & 2)
and delete it. This gets the computer
out of quotes mode. Hold down CTRL
and press the number nine key
(RVSON), type the relevant number of
reversed T's and then hold down
CTRL and press zero (RVSOFF).
Next type another quotation mark and
delete it again. Now finish the line and
press RETURN.

A list of these special cases is given
in the table but remember that only
one of these mnemonics will appear
outside of a PRINT string: the symbol
for pi. This may appear when its value
is needed in a calculation so this may
look something like:

:CC=2*[PI]*R:

Ignore the square brackets and just
type in a shifted upward pointing
arrow (ie. the pi symbol).

PROGRAM:

: SYNTAX {

:hecker

5 REM 5YTAX CHECKER - ERIC DOYLE

10 BL-10 :LN-70 :SA-491S2
20 FOR L-0 TO BL:CX-0:F0R D-0 TO
IS

30 READ A: IF A>2SSTHENPRINT"NUnB
ER TO LARGE" : LN*(L»10):ST0P
tO CX-CX+A:P0KE SA+L-16-D,A:NEXT
0

SO READ A: IF A><CX THENPRINT"ERR

OR IN LINE";LN-(L*I0):ST0P

60 NEXT L:SYS 49152 :NEU

70 DATA 173,5,3,201,165,508,31.1

20,169,9, 141.32.208, 111,33,208, 1

847

GO DATA 169.7.141,134,2,169,13,3
2,210. 255 , 1 68 . 54 , 14 1 , 4 . 3 , 1 69 , 168
2

80 DATA 182,141,5.3,68.96.120,16
9,124.141,4.3,169,165.141,5,1566

100 DATA 3,169.14,141.134.2.141,
32 . 208. 169, 6, 111,33, 208. 88, 86 , 15
85

110 DATA 32.124.165.72.138,72,15
2 , 72 . 162 , 0 , 165, 20 , 133 . 254 , 165 , 21
,1747

120 DATA 24.101.254,133.254.188,
0,2.240, IB. 69, 254, 133.254,232,18
9,2346

130 DATA 0.2.240,8,24,101.254,13
3 , 254 , 232 . 208 . 233, 169, 1 . 141 , 134 ,
2134

140 DATA 2, 165.254.74,74,74.74,3
2,156, 192, 32. 210. 25S, 165.254,41,
2054

150 DATA IS, 32,156. 192, 32. 210, 25
5 , IBS , 13 , 32 , 210 . 255 , 168 . 1 3 , 32 , 2 1
0, 1995

160 DATA 255,169.7,141,134.2.104
,169.104.170, 104.96.24, 105.48,20
1 . 1832

170 DATA 58,16,1.96,24,105.7,96.
0,0,0,0.0,0,0,0.403

by Eric Doyle

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987

Easy Entry C64

Checksum Program

The hexadecimal numbers appearing
in a column to the left of the listing
should not be typed in with the
program. These are merely checksum
values and are there to help you get
each line right. Don't worry if you
don't understand the hexadecimal
system, as long as you can compare
two characters on the screen with the
corresponding two characters in the
magazine you can use our line
checking program.

Type in the Checksum Program,
make sure that you've not made any
mi

immediately because it will be used
with most of the present and future
listings appearing in Your
Commodore.

At the start of each programming
session, load Checksum and run it.
The screen will turn brown with yellow
characters and each time you type in a
line and press the RETURN key a
number will appear on the screen in
white. This should be the same as the
corresponding value in the magazine.

If the two values don't relate to one
another, you have not copied the line
exactly as printed so go back and check
each character carefully. When you
simply c

press RETURN again.

If you want to turn off the checker
simply type SYS49I52 and the screen
will return to the familiar blue colours.
You can then do whatever it was you
wanted to do and if this doesn't use the
area where Checksum lies you can go
back to it with the same SYS
command.

No system is foolproof but the
chances of two errors cancelling one
another out are so remote that we
believe our listings are more reliable
than any other magazine in the world.
So get typing! tfg

Mnemonic Symbol Keypress

[RIGHT]

H CRSR left/right

[LEFT] I

IS SHIFT & CRSR left/right

[DOWN] m CRSR up/down

[UP] |

H SHIFT & CRSR up/down

[Fl] I

■» fl key

[F2] |

M SHIFT &fl key

il

f3 key

[F4] |

Il SHIFT & G key

[F5] |

El f5 key

[F6] a

g SHIFT & f5 key

[F7] |

H n key

[F8] |

SHIFT & 17 key

[HOME] jg

H CLR/HOME

[CLR] |

| SHIFT & CLR/HOME

[RVSON] n

V CTRL & 9

[RVSOFF] jj|

j| CTRL & 0

Mnemonic Symbol

[BLACK] !B|
[WHITE]
[RED]
[CYAN]
[PURPLE]
[GREEN]
| BLUE]
[YELLOW]
[POUND]
[LARROW]
[UPARROW]
[PI]
[INST]
(REV T]
[Cletter]
[Sletter]

Keypress
CTRL & I

CTRL & 2

CTRL & 3

CTRL & 4

CTRL & 5

CTRL & 6

CTRL & 7

CTRL & 8

£

T

SHIFT & ^
SHIFT & INST/DEL
see text
CBM + letter
SHIFT + letter

YOUR COMMODORE October 1987
103

Jfl 3

Repairs
Guide

CALL
JON WATSON
O N

01—437 0699

HAYES COMPUTER CENTRE

(AUTHORISED AMSTRAD DEALER)
1000 UXBRIDGE RD. HAYES, MIDDX.
UB4 0RL Tel. 01-573 2726

24 HR. answering service.
Quick turnaround
We specialise m ALL makes o* computer repairs.

* BBC's * Electron * Commodore •
Spectrums * OL * Amstrad including
PC1512'S * Disc Drives * Primers * Monitors
etc

We also sell spam for Commodore OL & Spectrum
Mao orders by phone Access 4 Visa accepted.

BUSINESS SYSTEMS - HOME COMPUTERS

• . . • >

AMSTRAD - APPLE - ATARI - BBC - COMMODORE - IBM PCs • OSBORNE ■ EPSON - SINCLAIR SPECTRUM

QLs-SEIKOSHA

• • * • *

COMPUTERS - FLOPPY DISKS - PRINTERS UPGRADES - MODIFICATIONS ■ FIELD SERVICE

• ■ * * •

For further details phone

SLOUGH 21391 or contact
TRIDENT ENTERPRISES LTD

Ur.it2 W.ntwonh Indusinil Court Goodwin Road. Brttw.ll
Slough. Bark*. SL2 26R.

SPECIALIST COMMODORE REPAIRS „„„

Commodore 64 £20.00

1541 Logic Fault £20.00

1541 Alignment £18.00

CBM Modem £14.00

Commodore C16 £15.00

Commodore -4 £15.00

Commodore 128 £30.00

All repairs carried oul using tie latest diagnostics and lest equipment Thisensures a faster repair to your computer or
peripheral

when the 'suit has been rectified we 'mal test with checksum diagnostics lo ensure any new components fitted
function correctly

There is no extra charge for posting. All prices fully inclusive. |No Hidden Extras).
Other Commodore Home Computers and Peripherals repaired on reauest Don't hesitate to phone:

I. Bateman Specialist Computer Repairs
Telephone: Corby (0536) 69454 24 hour answering service

FIRST AID
FOR
TECHNOLOGY

Computer repairs

Fixed Super Low Pricesl

Inclusive of parts, labour and VAT
1 week turnround Free collection/delivery available lor local area
* INTRODUCTORY OFFERS *

SPECTRUM

C64
C16

VIC20. C'4
BBC

£14 inc. - Free Game
£22 inc. - Free Game
£18 Inc.
£22 inc.
£32 inc.

ELECTRON £19 Inc.

AMSTRAD 464 £32 Inc.

* Free Game

CAN CASSETTE UNITS £19 inc.

C64 P.S.U. lor safe £20 Inc.

Please enclose payment with item - 3 montn warranty on repair Please enclose advert with repair

W.T.S. ELECTRONICS

5-9 Portland Road. Luton, Beds LU4 8AT. Tel: 0582 458375. Telex: 265871

COMPUTER REPAIRS

SPECTRUM, COMMODORE. AMSTRAD.
ACORN. BBC etc.

Fixed charge repairs on all makes
Please ring for details:

MCE SERVICES

33 Albert Street,
Mansfield, Notts NG18 1EA
Tel: 0623 653512

CROYDON COMPUTER
CENTRE

29 Brigstock Road. Thornton Heath,
Surrey. CR4 7JJ Tel: 01 683 2646

COMPUTER SERVICING

(Estd since 1979)

We repair — on the premises — quick
turnround

* Commodore & Spectrum

* BBC & Electron (Approved Service Centre)

* Amstrad & Torch (Approved Service Centre)

* Disc Drives. Printers. Monitors
Mail Orders by phone Access A Visa accepted

HEATH COMPUTERS

& ELECTRONICS LTD.

We specialise in Commodore
Repairs
Also BBC's

* FAST TURNAROUND »
* FIXED PRICE REPAIRS *
* * ALSO SELL SPARES * »

Tel: Birmingham (021) 771 3636

FOR ALL GENUINE
COMMODORE SPARES

906114-01 £8.95

6510 £9.95

6526 CIA £9.50

658t SIO £11.75 **

901227-03 £8.25 ^A-iSSl*

901226-01 f ' 0 75 lllVfV 1

901225-01 £7.95«*««"« ]}

8501 £7.75 Ai

INCL. VAT & P&P

Telephone for more details:
(Amesbury) 0980 24599

FAST COMPUTER
REPAIR CENTRE -
LONDON

* Commodore. BBC Micro
Spectrum. Amstrad. Atari, IBM *
Others

* We sell a wide range ol spares
PHONE 01-863 7166

PROMPT ELECTRONICS
Unit 4, 15 Springlield Road,
Harrow, Middx. HA5 10F

Entrance /n Amersham Road

Scottish Computer Repair Centre

FIRST CLASS REPAIRS AT FIXED PRICES

C64. .£26 SPECTRUM. ..£16 AMSTRAD CPC POA
CI6. £20 VIC 20/C+4...E22 ELECTRON BBC etc . POA
PRINTERS, MODEMS. TV'S. VDU'S...POA

Pick up & delivery service throughout Central Scotland
3 Month Guarantee on all repairs.

Enclose payment with order to: S C R C

Unit 26A

Hawkslaw Trad. Est.
Leven. File. KY8 4LT
TRADE & COMMERCIAL ENQUIRIES WELCOME Tel: 0333 21487

YOUR COMMODORE

Lineage: 54p per word. mm
(including VAT) Fv ^

Semi display: £11.73 per single column centimetre
(including VAT) minimum 2cm. Ring for information on
series bookings/discounts.

AM advertisements in this section must be prepaid.
Advertisements are accepted subject to the terms and conditions
printed on the advertisement rate card (available on request).

SPECIAL OFFERS

01-437 0699

Send your requirements to:
JON WATSON

ASP LTD, 1 GOLDEN SQUARE,
LONDON W1

SOFTWARE

SPECIAL OFFER

Commodore Plus 4. 64K computer, disk drive, tape recorder,
built in business software and games:

** only ** W ith monitor £149.90

Pack Price £99.95 with MPS801 printer £249.90

THE COMPUTER DEPOT

205 Buchanan Street. Glasgow, G1 2JZ

ACCESS

041-332 3944

01 437 0626

TERMS &
CONDITIONS

CLASSIFIED ADVERTISING
TERMS Si CONDITIONS
Our lermi kx new MvertiMra iMmiUiSpfav
and l.neegel are »r miy pro-lorma peymenta
until sanslaciory relerenoa can be taken up
le.dufl.ng lacogmied advancing agences)
Cheques at* P O. i snout) be crossed and
made payable (o ARGUS SPECIALIST
PUBLICATIONS LTD and sent logefKer W «h
•he advertisement to

"TheCtatnI.ed Dept..

No. 1 Golden Square.
London W1R SAB.
There are no reimbursements 'or can-
collations Advertisements arriving toolaieior
a particular issue, wal be inserted m tr«
lo'lowmq issue unless accompanied by

instruction* (o the conirary. It i* tn« res-
ponsibility o* i he advertiser to ensure that the
insertion of every series is published
correctly, and corrections must be not.lied in
lam lor the second .n^mon oiherw.se the
publishers w .ii not accept any liability or ©Her

any reduction m charges.
AH advancing sales are subiect to Govern,
mem ReQulauoni concerning VAT
Advertis-isare responsiOlelor complying v.i»h
the vb(kh.s legal regu-ements m tor oe eg The
Trade Desc.pt on Act. se •discrimination acta
Ihe busmesa advertisements (disclosure!
order 1977

DISCOUNT SOFTWARE:

Latest titles for CBM64/128 at
50% oft R.R.P.; S.A.E. To: A.O.W
104 Hollywell Road, Lincoln. LN5
9BY

PRINTER
SERVICES

mm

FABRIC RIBBON CASSETTE RE IN UN O
Trial Offer El per ribbon

Poet uaad caaaettelsl vn* payment to:
AL AO DINK IDept CM1 4 Hurkur Crescent.
Eyemouth. Berwickshire. TD14 SAP
Tel: 08907 50985

TORNADO 64 (Tape to Tape Back-up)

Available (or the Commodore 64 and 128 (64 mode) - Tape vamon only £4.9Sp

BETPRO II {Horse race tailng Program|
Available lor trte Commodore 16. Plus/4. CBM 64 i 128 - Tape £9.95 Disk £11.95

ABACUS SOFTWARE FROM RAMSOFT (DISK ONLY)

Cadpak C-64 tot as

COBOL C-64 £24 95

£24.95

£4495

£24 95

We?:..

v,deo Basic . .

Cadpak C-128.
COBOL C-128.
Chatlpak i?8.
Super C 128...
H..:.f Patca

E34.9S

..£34.95
£39.95
£44 95
£4495

ABACUS. ETC SEND /OR FREE CATALOGUE. STATING WHICH

aUPERSOrT.

. „ , _ , COMPUTERS VOU HAVE

flccesi oroevj only iNol Visa) now accepted TELE 0706 435)9 a/ fe , , om nj.-,-
All pneu Quoted mclude PAP m U.K. oifowse add £! ™ "

Send CWgu. P.0. ro RAMSOFT (DEPT VC2). 24 Binklield Lane. Nord.o
Rochdale, Lancashire. OI11 5RJ

ij MAM VOUR COMMODORE EARN'

Y«. making money becomes incidental
«h n nyouki»o»how Your Micro is. if only

IffniTfi^l-i*. 0 w m,ne ,ne a * make £
IRRELEVANT Make the mit.ai elfo* NOV.*

' IC ™3 -VOW own HOME BASED
BUSINESS Remember you'll never net
rich digging someone eiseS "Dileh- Tl'a
mote rewarding than playing games The
bonet.ts are many and varied Full or part-
1-me. (or FREE Details S A E to

HOME BASEO BUSINESS
97 Pillon Place (YCI3). King and Queen St
Walworth. London SET 1DR

J GAMES

TEST/DEVELOP YOUR

MENTAL SKILLS

MIND EXPANDERS

RESULTS =
01 437 0699

deduction with REAL
BATTLESHIPS

Try your skill as an organiser in

the HANOI PANIC
Test your concentration around
f.Te INVISIBLE MAZE

Tape £3.45 SENIOR GAMES
Disk £3.95 12 SI. Bartholomews
EACH Close, Kettering
C.W.O. Northants NN15 5EF

FOR SALE

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The Amiga Speclaiisls

* FOR ALL YOUR VIDEO ANO AUDIO
VISUAL REQUIREMENTS

• A500 AND A2000

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* FULL RANGE OF SOFTWARE

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• TRAINING COURSES

TRIANGLE TELEVISION B"^
130 B'OOkwood Rd
London SW18 5DD Tel 01-874 3418

SERVICES

CBM64: TIRED WITH GAMES?

Want to do more? Learn to backup
protected software, copy-protect
you own. print Hires screens, etc.
Send SAE plus two 1 3p stamps to:
17 Plover Road, Milborne Port
Sherborne DT9 5DA.

ADVERTISE YOUR BUSINESS

IN

YOUR

COMMODORE

NEXT COPY
DEADLINE
DECEMBER
ISSUE:
29th September

WARNING NOTICE

Advertisements placed in this magazine are to be in strict compliance with our standard conditions (copies of which

conditions are available on request) and on the clear understanding that the advertiser warrants that his

advertisement(s) does not infringe any copyright or condition of sale of any interested party in the advertised
product.

Further, the advertiser indemnifies the proprietors of this magazine in respect of costs, damages, or any other claims

brought against them as a result of legal action arising from the publication of the advertisement.

Any breach of these terms or the said conditions may result in prosecution of the advertiser by the proprietors.

BACK PAGE

B H E fl h

Fist

Are you a winner in the Exploding
Fisi competition from April 1987?
Read on and find out.

Craig Smith, Faringdon; John
Trower, Horsham; Michael Hall,
Basingstoke; Richard Garfield,
Rochdale; James Laidlaw, Lincoln;
Perry Green, Ealing; Iftkhar Din.
Nottingham; Mark Jaycocks. Heme
Bay; Mark Woodhousc, Nottingham;
Eric Neill, Ballykelly; Mark Kay.
Leicester; Mark Eades, Bingley; Ian
Ashworth, Chorley; Neil A. Sarbutt,
Basingstoke; Leanne Piper, Hull; G.
W. Jesshop, London; The Jolly
Bodger, Edinburgh; Paul Kennings,
Birmingham; Keith Lewis, Bromley;
Daniel Austen, Anglesey; R. Jones,
Barns ley; Jason Main. South Shields;
Wayne Dribben. Upminster; Mark
Cornwall. Milton Keynes; Thomas
Branton, Thamcsmead: W. R. Austin.

Plymouth; John Sims, Edmonton; M.
Elswood, Crewkerne; Anthony
Roberts, London; Patrick Putnam,
Chingford; P. Aland. Bristol; B.
Wadher. Thornton Heath; Bao Minh
Nhan, Scarborough; Chris Garbutt,
Basildon; M. Forrest, Watford; J.
Heathcote, Warrington; C. Hawkins,
Bracknell; G. Higgins. Stevenage;
Perry Green. Ealing; Richard Wallis,
Canterbury; Michael Williams.
Caernarfon; John Campbell,
Guernsey; David Marin, Salford; K.
Kelsall. Stevenage; Pia Dalsfeldt.
Denmark; Junior Hall. Nottingham;
Brian Nicholls, Sloke-On-Trent;
Kevin Scarfc. Bordon; T. Dutton.
Biggin Hill; Louise Wells, Isleworth.

C16 Sprite

There are no problems with this
program as printed. A number of
people have queried how they should
enter the [255] statements that appear
in some of the lines of the DEMO
program. When our printer can't
reproduce a Commodore graphic,
either a mnemonic such as [LEFT] is
printed or the code of the character is
printed within square brackets. In this
case the character should be looked up
in your manual and entered. In the
case of the [255] the character that
should be entered is the PI figure ( jt ).

Software for Sale
Important Notice

A number of people have reported an
error when LOADing drawings that
have been SAVEd using the TEC
DRAW 64 program.

It appears that a master copy
became corrupted and has caused
these problems.

Should your copy of the program
suffer from this problem please return
your disk to:

OMEGA MICRO SERVICES
7 GRAHAM AVENUE
BRINSWORTH
ROTHERHAM
S60 5LA.

and a new disk will be sent by return
post. Sorry for any inconvenience
caused.

Apologies are also due to people
who experienced delays with software
ordered in late June/early July.
Unfortunately, problems were caused
by problems with the postal service
within London.

Bug Finder

We'd like to remind our readers that
we run a Bug Finder service.

If you have typed in one of our
programmes and despite much
checking, you still can't get it to run,
then send us the following:

Two copies of vour program on tape or
disk.

A description of your problem.

If possible a listing of your work (you

may omit this).

A stamped, self addressed envelope for
return of the program to you.

Should any of the above be missing

then we will not be able to deal with
your query.

We will try to point out where you
have made errors and place a corrected
copy of the program back on to your
tape or disk before we return it to you.

Do not send a program to us as
soon as it stops working, please check
it several times first.

We do get a large number of
queries and so it may take a while for
us to deal with yours personally.
Note:we can only deal with problems
relating to programmes published in
Your Commodore.

Editor: Sluart Cooke
Assistant Editor: Sue Joyce
Editorial Assiiant:Kirk Rutter
Senior Advertising Manager: Pele Chandler
Advertisement Manager: Sluart Taylor
Advertisement Copy Control: Laura Champion
Origination: Ebony Typesetting
Design: Argus Design

Your Commodore incorporating Your (>4 is a
monthly magazine appearing on the first Kriday

of each month.
Argus Specialist Publications Limited Editorial &
Advertisement Office. Your Commodore, No 1
Golden Square, London Wl K 3AB. Telephone: 01
4.'J7(Hi2<i Telex: 8H11896.

Subscription, rates upon application to Your
Commodore Subscriptions Department, Infonet
Ltd. 5 Kiver Park Estate, Berkhamsted. Herts.
Hl'4 1H1-.

The contents of this publication including all articles, designs, plans, drawings and programs and all
copyright and other intellectual property rights therein belong to Argus Specialist Publications
Limited. All rights conferred by the Law of Copyright and other intellectual property rights and by
virtue of international copyright conventions are specifically reserved to Argus Specialist Publica-
tions Limited and any reproduction requires the prior written consent of the Company. ©1987
Distribution by: Argus Press Sales & Distribution Ltd. 12-18 Paul Street, Umdon KC2A4JS. Printed
bv Chase Web. Plvmouth.

ISSN 0269-82

ABC

Ml M«11 » (• '"I AlOll

AT LAST!

AN ECONOMICAL ALTERNATIVE TO THE BULKY EXTERNAL AMIGA
DISK DRIVES

3.5" EXTERNAL FLOPPY DISK DRIVE FOR THE COMMODORE AMIGA

□

CUMANA CAX 354

Amiga owners can now easily upgrade !o twin floppy operation with the purchase ol Cumana's high quality external 3 5 inch floppy drive
The Cumana CAX 354 conveniently takes its power from the host computer and offers a full 880K of formatted storage lo eilher A500 owners or users of

system 1 and 3 A1000 series -

• High Quality NEC 3 5 tnch double sided drive mechanism

• 1Mb Unformatted storage capacity

• High Reliability

• Fast Access

SPECIFICATIONS

Seek time (track to trackl 3ms • Settling lime 15ms • Rotational Speed 300 RPM • Data Transfer Rate 125/250 Kb per sec

Number of sides 2

Ouiet operation

Lower power consumption

Connector enables easy addition ol 5 25" drives

Number of iracks 80

FED UP WITH PAYING HIGH PRICES
FOR YOUR 5-25" FLOPPY DISKS???
JUST LOOK AT OUR PRICES!!!!

DS/DD 5.25" DISKS
AT THE SILLY
PRICE OF JUST £6.00 PER TEN
SAVE EVEN MORE MONEY
BUY TWO PACKS AND SAVE

ANOTHER £2.00

TWO PACKS OF TEN 5.25 " DISKS
JUST £10.00

Complete with labels and write protect tans
Prices include VAT and UK P&P

No tancy bora lo throw away You get the lugnm quality
disk at the lowest ol prices

COMMODORE CABLES

CPC/l CENTRONICS PRINTER CABLE

Commodore C64/128 user port lo Centronics printer cable. The cable is
fitted with a line feed switch for the Epson range ol printers Works with all
well known Centronics printers. ONLY £15.00 mci
CPC/2 SERIAL EXTENSION CABLES

Extend your commodore pnnter or drsk drive cable by up lo 2 metres

1 Metro extension cable £5.00 mcl

2 Metre extension cable £7.00 mcl

CPC/3 128D KEYBOARD EXTENSION

Do you find yourself restricted by the short keyboard cable on the CI28D
Solve your problem with our 1 melro extension cable.

We have mounted our C128 under the desk to save room.
SPECIAL OFFER PRICE ONLY £15.00 incl

LOCKABLE DISK BOXES

DB3/90

3 5" disk boa holds 90 disks tirsl class value at only £12.50 or only £1 1 .50

when you buy 10 or more 3.5" disks.

DB5/70

5.25"disk box hold 70 disks great value only £950 or only £8.50 when you

buy 20 or more 5.25" disks

DB5/100

5.25" disk box holds 100 disks bargain at only £11.50 or only £10.50 when
you but 20 or more 5.25" disks

DISK NIBBLER

Use both sides ol your disks Save the cost of the Nibbier with just one box

of disks even at our prices Only £5.00 or FREE if you buy 50 ormore5.25"

disks

SPECIAL OFFER

SO 5.25" disks

£25.00

t DBS/tOOdisK box

£10.50

Disk Nibbier

F.O.C.

OUR NORMAL PRICE

£46.50

OFFER PRICE

£35.00

SAVE "HI

£11.50

Pnces includo VAT ana UK postage

AT LAST!!!!
3.5 DISKS AT
SENSIBLE PRICES

Double sided, double density 3.5" verbatim
disks

ONLY £16.00 for pack of ten disks
SAVE EVEN MORE MONEY!!!!
BUY TWO PACKS FOR ONLY £30.00

These are not cheap disks but best quality disks a( low prices

NASHA DS/DD 3.5" DISKS
BOXED. WITH LABEL

OUR LOW PRICE £23.00 per box ten.

SAVE EVEN MORE MONEY!!!
BUY TWO BOXES FOR ONLY £44.00

We believe our prion are Ihe lowest you will finct
All prices include VAT and UK postage.

H&P COMPUTERS UK,

9 HORNBEAM WALK, WITHAM, ESSEX CM82SZ. Tel: (0376) 511471

NFW

NEW! NEW!

NEW'

NEW'

COMMODORE C64. C128 RS232 INTERFACE

AT I AST" RS237 interlace thai will nol cost you the earth
The H8P Computers Commodore R5232 Interlace is a full Industrial
standard RS232 Interlace with all handshakeing lines that plugs into the
user port

Will 'it all modems and printers with a 25 way D conneclor

Up till now you would have had to pay between £35.00 .md £50.00 for a

RS?32 Interface lor the C64*'CI28

The H&P Computers RS232 is only £25.00 incl. and we even give you an
xmodem comms program on dish free ol charge.

ONCE AGAIN WE BRING THE BEST FOR LESS.
ONLY £25.00 INCL.

You won 't find these programs

in the top ten!

6\ *\

BIUS1C MUSTER ■ BUSlCAlr

These programs have sold thousands of
copies, and yet you won't have seen them
in the charts — why?

We produce programs that you can really
get your teeth into. Programs like
BUSICALC and BUSICALC 3 which
can be used at home or in the office to do
all sorts of calculations, forecasts and
budgets.

Programs like MIKRO ASSEMBLER and

the ZOOM monitor which make it easy lo
write machine code programs. Programs
like MUSIC MASTER which turn your
computer into a musical instrument. And
programs like the BLITZ compiler which
makes ordinary BASIC programs run
much, much faster.

We have been writing programs for
Commodore computers since 1978 and
now have hundreds of programs for the
PET, VIC 20, CBM 64. CBM 128. even the
C16 and Plus/4. So why aren't our
programs in the charts?

Because our programs aren't one minute
wonders, here today and gone tomorrow.
Programs we released for the 64 in 1983
are still selling — and even more impor-
tant, the people who bought them then
are still using them.

Software should be an investment, not
money down the drain. We believe that
the more you put into a program, the
more you should get out of it, and that's
the way it works with software from
SUPERSOFT.

The programs listed on the right represent
a small selection from our range, but you
can get a full list if you phone or write to
the address below. We offer an excellent
mail order service, and you can pay by
cheque. Access, or Visa.

SUPERSOFT, Winchester House,
Canning Road, Wealdstone, Harrow,
Middlesex HA3 7SJ
Telephone: 01-861 1166

For Commodore 64

Busicalc

17.95t 19.95d

Mikro Assembler

5770c

Turbo Disk

14.95d

Pass Your Driving Test

8.95t

Music Master

17.95t 19.95d

Interdictor Pilot

17.95t 19.95d

Blitz Compiler

14.95t 19.95d

Word Perfect

17.951 19.95d

Instant Recall

17.951 19.95d

For Commodore 128

Blitz Compiler

29.95d

128 Plus upgrade rom

19.95r

Help 64/1 28 cartridge

39.95c

ForCl6and Plus/4

Turbo 16

6.951

Graphics Designer

6.95t 8.95d

Mikro Assembler

12.95t 14.95d

Music Master

12.95t 14.95d

Word Perfect

12.95t14.95d

For Commodore Pet

Word Perfect

51.75r

Flex-File 2.1

97.75d

Busicalc

44.85t 47.15d

Busicalc 3

97.95d

For Commodore Amiga

MIDI for Amiga

49.75

ese programs
p ten!

Hi**!

investment, not
We believe that
a program, the
it of it, and that's
l software trom

le right represent
jr range, but you
)hone or write to
)ffer an excellent
you can pay by

tester House,
stone, Harrow.
V3 7SJ
361 1166

For Commodore 64
Busicalc

Mikro Assembler
Turbo Disk

Pass Your Driving Test
Music Master
Interdictor Pilot
Blitz Compiler
Word Perfect
Instant Recall

For Commodore 128
Blitz Compiler
128 Plus upgrade rom
Help 64/128 cartridge

ForCl6and Plus/4
Turbo 16

Graphics Designer
Mikro Assembler
Music Master
Word Perfect

For Commodore Pet
Word Perfect
Flex-File 2.1
Busicalc
Busicalc 3

For Commodore Amiga
MIDI for Amiga

17.951 19.95d
5770c
14.95d
8.951
17.95t19.95d
17.95t 19.95d
14.95t 19.95d
17 95t !9.95d
17.951 19.95d

29.95d
19.95r
39.95c

6.951
6 95t 8.95d
12.951 14.95d
12.951 14.95d
12.951 14.95d

51.75r
97.75d
44.85t 47.1 5d
97.95d

49.75

GUIDE TO
COMPUTER
COMMUNICATIONS

• BOTHERSOME BASIC -BEGINNERS ST
SUPERB CI6, PLUS/4 GAME • ADVENTU